CONTENTS Map x Introduction xi Sixteenth-Century Philosophy Humanism and Reform Sin, Grace, and Freedom Authority and Conscience The Decline of Logic 11 Scepticism, Sacred and Profane 13 Counter-Reformation Philosophy 16 Giordano Bruno 20 Galileo 22 Bacon 26 Descartes to Berkeley Descartes 33 Hobbes 41 The Cambridge Platonists Locke 49 Pascal 53 Malebranche 58 Spinoza 61 Leibniz 70 Berkeley 76 Hume to Hegel 80 Hume 80 Smith and Reid 86 The Enlightenment 90 Rousseau 93 WolV and Lessing 97 Kant 100 Fichte and Schelling 108 Hegel 111 33 47