INDEX Maxwell, James Clerk 288 McCulloch, Warren 281, 283, 286 – 288 McCulloch-Pitts neurons 287 – 288 McDowell, John 112, 263 – 265 McGinn, Colin 90, 309 McTaggart, J.M.E 104 meaning: consciousness and 80; in Husserl 29; information and 290 – 291; in inner-object model 234; intentionality and 260 – 261; in logical behaviorism 54; reference and 260; in semantic theory 259; in verificationism 55; in Wittgenstein 241 – 245 Meinong, Alexius 210 – 213 Melden, A I 179 – 180, 184 mental causation: anomalism and 180 – 184; downward 178; in dualism 191 – 194; epiphenomenalism and 178, 193 – 194, 194n5; exclusion problem and 180 – 181, 184 – 190; externalism problem and 181; illustration of 175; interactionism and 191 – 192; many problems for 180 – 190; naturalist approaches to 176 – 178; occasionalism and 193; in parallelism 192 – 193; physicalism and 195n14; pre-established harmony and 193; property dependence approaches and 187 – 188; realization and 187 – 188; reasons as causes in 178 – 180; supervenience and 187 – 188 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 27 – 28, 36, 42n15, 107 – 108, 118 Millikan, Ruth 74n, 120n15, 216, 227n37, 269, 292 Mill, James 82 Mill, John Stuart 156 – 157, 162 mind-body problem: in 20th-century philosophy 52 – 73; in behaviorism 53 – 57; in functionalism 63 – 69; in identity theory 57 – 63; and multiple realizability 62 – 63; phenomenology of 37 – 41, 38, 40; and qualia 69 – 72 mind uploading 310 – 312, 317 modularity 117 monism 31, 52, 73, 106, 181 – 183 Moore, G E 78 – 80, 82, 105, 149 – 152 moral programming 305 Morgan, Lloyd 177 multiple realizability 62 – 63, 187, 195n15, 269 Nagel, Thomas 7, 68 – 70, 89 – 90, 92 – 93 names 259 – 260 naturalism 87 – 88, 176 – 178, 256, 266 – 273, 314 – 315 neo-Hegelians 104 neural localization 4 – 7, 11, 13 neural networks 287, 296n8 Newell Alan 284, 296n1 no-criterion argument 239, 253n3 Noe, Alva 273 object-directedness 67, 200 – 201, 207, 216, 261 occasionalism 193 Olson, Eric 133, 136, 138, 140 ontological dependence 30 operant conditioning 2 – 3 pain 58 – 59, 63 – 64, 66, 194n8, 236 – 237, 240 parallelism 192 – 193 Parfit, Derek 131 – 133, 135 – 137 Parity Principle 270 Pavlov, Ivan 3, 83 Penfield, Wilder perception: adverbialism and 110 – 111; Bayesian model of 116; consciousness and 79 – 83, 219 – 220; constructivism and 114 – 117; disjunctive theory of 264 – 265; disjunctivism and 111 – 112; ecological 117 – 119; Gestalt psychology and 113 – 114; in Heidegger 25 – 26; in Husserl 25, 37 – 38; illusions in 105 – 106; inner 159 – 160; intentionalism and 108 – 110; intentionality and 206; introspection and 149 – 156; in Merleau-Ponty 27 – 28; objects of 104 – 112; qualia and 107; representationalism and 108 – 110, 120n11; sense-data theory and 105 – 108, 149 – 156; structuralism and 113 – 114 percepts 115 perceptual content 31 – 36 324