ETHICS The title page of Escobar’s Moral Theology, a notorious classic of casuistry only the Jesuits, but any moralists willing to make the slightest concession to human weakness, as tools of Satan He and his friends at Port Royal saw themselves as a small privileged elect, chosen to walk on the diYcult path to salvation while the great mass of mankind hurtled on its way to damnation There is an odd similarity between Port Royal in the seventeenth century and Bloomsbury in the twentieth century In each case a small group of upper-class intellectuals—ascetics in the one case, hedonists in the other—saw themselves as uniquely enlightened in a world of 257