714 Index keystone species (continued) nonexperimental approaches 4:451–452 predictive approaches 4:452–453 seastar–mussel interaction strength–seawater temperature relationship 4:454F species interaction strengths 4:454–456, 4:454F multispecies interactions 6:722, 6:723T wildlife management 7:406 Khabartal 1:276T Khabbaki Lake 1:276T khalifa 6:564–565 Khao Yai National Park (Thailand) 6:309 Khaya grandifolia 1:68 khejri trees 7:231 kill curve 5:160–163, 5:163F killer bees 2:551–552T, 4:183 killer whales 2:708, 4:445–446, 4:445F, 4:693–694, 5:58–60, 5:77T, 5:447 killifish 3:467, 7:390 kinetoplastids 5:572, 5:573–574T king boletes 3:629–630 kingfishers 5:476–477, 7:390 king salmon 6:523–524, 6:525F king snakes 7:390 kinkajou 2:590T Kinorhyncha classifications and sampling methods 4:381T fossil record 3:684F global diversity 4:385T marine ecosystems 5:50T number of species 4:384T, 5:669–670T phylogenetic relationships 7:433F Kinosternon oaxacae 7:229T kin selection theory 2:322, 6:197, 6:573–574 kipunji 6:251T, 6:256–258T Kiribati 5:592F, 6:507T Kirkia acuminata 1:67 Kirk’s red colobus 6:256–258T Kirtland’s warbler 2:58–59, 5:370, 7:184–185 Kissimmee–Okeechobee–Everglades (KOE) region 7:372, 7:372F, 7:373F Kitti’shog-nosed bats 1:601 Kiwa hirsuta 2:20F kiwis 1:606, 3:128 Klang Islands 1:276T Klebsiella 2:612T, 2:614–615 Klee diagrams 2:6, 2:7F Kleinschmidt theory 7:46 kleptoparasitism 3:495, 5:668 klipspringers 6:572–573 Kloss’ gibbon 6:256–258T knifefish 3:464 knock-down resistance (kdr) 4:301 koalas 4:687T, 4:688–689 Kobresia 1:270, 1:274–275 Kobus ellipsiprymnus 1:52 Kobus megaceros 1:53–54 Kochia prostrata 1:270 kodo millet 3:32F Koeleria cristata 1:270 Koeleria gracilis 1:269 Koeleria macrantha 4:80F Koenigia islandica 1:236 Kogia sima 3:192–193 koinobionts 5:674–675 kokako 5:370 kokanee salmon 4:363–364 kokerbooms 2:468, 2:471F Kokia cookei 6:81 Kokia lanceolata 6:81 Koliella 6:29 Kolleru Lake 1:276T Kolpochoerus 5:462 Komarov Botanical Institute 5:411F, 6:508, 6:510–511 kombu kelp 7:230 Komodo dragon 7:223 Komokiacea 5:48 Koompassia 1:263 Korangi Creek 1:276T Korea animal species 1:261T botanical gardens 6:519 ecosystems laurel forests 1:270–271 mountain regions 1:273 temperate deciduous forests 1:271 threatened species 1:278T threatened wetlands 1:276T vegetation types and coverage percentage 1:264–265T land-use trends 4:559F plant species 1:259T Krakatau archipelago 2:115–117, 2:547, 2:548–549F, 3:118 Krameriaceae 4:72F, 4:73, 5:622F Kranz anatomy 2:364, 2:364F Krapfia 4:101 krill 4:385, 6:25 Krizna jama (Slovenia) 7:59T Kruger National Park (South Africa) 1:60F, 2:289–292, 5:226–227, 5:227F, 5:234–236, 6:486 Kryptolebias marmoratus 3:467 K-strategists 3:124–125 kudzu 4:359–360 Kuerhleiko Hu 1:276T Kuhnia scombercolias 5:661F Kuhnia scombri 5:661F Kuhnia sprostonr 5:661F Kula Ridge 7:330 Kulczynski index of similarity 1:297–298, 1:298F, 1:299F Kullback-Liebler population assessment 7:407 Kunzea 1:267 Kurzamra 4:101 Kuwait animal species 1:261T botanical gardens 6:507T ecosystems threatened species 1:278T vegetation types and coverage percentage 1:264–265T energy efficiency measures 3:254F plant species 1:259T Kuznets curves 3:25, 3:28–29, 3:28F Kyoto Protocol 1:674, 1:678, 1:682–683, 4:21–22 Kyrgyzstan 6:507T L Labiatae 3:129T Labidura herculeana 3:222 Labiotermes 4:409T Labrador duck 7:182 Labroidei 3:469 Labroides dimidiatus 2:141–142, 5:656 labyrinth fish 3:470 Labyrinthomorpha 5:669–670T labyrinthulids 6:296–297 Labyrnaviridae 5:134T, 5:138 Lac Alaotra bamboo lemur 6:256–258T Laccadives Islands 1:262–263T Laccopetalum 4:101 lace bugs 7:293 lace corals 3:199 Lacerta vivipara 2:76, 6:410 Lacessititermes 4:409T Lacey Act (1900) 2:281, 3:713T, 3:715 Lacon fasciatus 7:220T Lacrymaria 6:295 lactate dehydrogenase 3:665 lactation 7:37 Lactoridaceae 5:216–217 Lactuca sativa 2:383, 2:662–663 Lactuca scariola 6:433, 6:434F Lacydoniidae 7:417F lacZ gene 1:324 Ladoga (Lake) 4:461T lady beetles 3:222, 4:361 ladybird beetles 5:316 Lady’s Smock 6:106F, 6:107 Lafoensia pacari 1:161 Lagarocotyle salamandrae 7:448–449F Lagarocotylidea 7:439–440T, 7:447, 7:448–449F Lagerstroemia lanceolata 1:266 Lagidium viscacia 2:587F, 3:127T Lagomorpha 2:586, 2:587F, 4:690T, 4:697, 6:309T lagoons 7:369T Lagopus muta hyperborea 7:27–28 Lagopus mutus 3:127–128 Lagopus scoticus 4:578–579 Lagostomus maximus 3:127, 3:188 Lagothrix cana cana 6:256–258T Lagothrix flavicauda 2:587F Lagothrix lugens 6:256–258T Laguna de Bay 1:276T Laguncularia 5:11T Laguncularia racemosa 1:164, 3:116 lake and pond ecosystems 4:458–466 acidic and mercury deposition 1:11F Amazon ecosystems 1:164 ancient lakes species flocks characteristics 4:463–464, 4:463T fish species flocks 4:463–464 invertebrates 4:464, 4:464T anthropogenic impacts acidification 3:584–585, 3:584F