xx Subject Classification Measuring and Estimating Species Richness, Species Diversity, and Biotic Similarity From Sampling Data Microbial Diversity of the Oceanic Surface Picoplankton: Insights from the Global Ocean Sampling (GOS) Program Modeling Biodiversity Dynamics in Countryside and Native Habitats Paleoecology Remote Sensing and Image Processing Species Distribution Modeling Theories and Concepts of Biodiversity Biodiversity Generation, Overview Biodiversity, Definition of Carrying Capacity, Concept of Commons, Concept and Theory of Commons, Institutional Diversity of Complexity Versus Diversity Disturbance Regimes and the Historical Range of Variation in Terrestrial Ecosystems Ecological Footprint, Concept of Ecology, Concept and Theories in Ecosystem Services Effects of Ecotones on Biodiversity El Nin˜o and Biodiversity Functional Diversity Guilds Large-Scale Biodiversity Experiments Measuring and Estimating Species Richness, Species Diversity, and Biotic Similarity from Sampling Data Neutral Theory and Beyond Oceanic Islands: Models of Diversity Origin of Life, Theories of Resource Partitioning Scale, Concept and Effects of Species Distribution Modeling Stability, Concepts of Stewardship, Concept of Vertebrates Amphibians, Biodiversity of Birds, Biodiversity of Carnivores Diversity and Conservation of Neotropical Mammals Endangered Amphibians Endangered Reptiles Fish Conservation Fish Stocks Fishes, Biodiversity of Mammals (Pre-Quaternary), Extinctions of Mammals, Biodiversity of Mammals, Conservation Efforts for Marine Mammals, Extinctions of Megaherbivores Museums and Institutions, Role of Primate Populations, Conservation of Reptiles, Biodiversity of Salmon Threatened Birds Vertebrates, Overview