Some experiences help gifted students in grade 8 to study and do passive exercises better 1 A INTRODUCTION I THE REASON TO CHOOSE TOPIC English plays an important role in our lives English is the most[.]
A INTRODUCTION I THE REASON TO CHOOSE TOPIC English plays an important role in our lives English is the most popular and common language in the world, it is a tool to facilitate integration with the international community and region It helps us integrate and access to international information about science and technology, education, culture, health, industry, agriculture In periods of economic integration with the world Learning language is really essential in each country Especially in Vietnam, learning English has become a necessity of life Today in the world and in many countries in the region have regarded English as a second language along with their native language to use in life and economic development, such as Singapore, the Philippines Our country has renovated gradually, we are committed industrialized countries to modernize and expand relations with other countries Especially after Vietnam joined the WTO, English is used more and more widely, even in the main in Vietnam Thus the teaching and learning of foreign languages and especially English are considered important and serious teaching in schools Recognizing the importance , himself a teacher of English at secondary level has the responsibility to equip students with basic knowledge so that they can learn English well at secondary level Teaching skills are very important to the students but Teaching grammar is also less important Especially, gifted students In the book of level 8,9,there are many important grammartical topics such as reported speech, conditional sentences, wish sentences and passive form Passive form is a part of vital knowledge in the examinations, so the students have to grasp it In the framework of this article I would like to SangKienKinhNghiem.net mention the issue.“ Some experiences help gifted students in grade to study and passive exercises better” II.RESEARCH PURPOSE The status of teaching and studying passive voice has been applied for many years and finding the best solutions helps gifted students to study and passive exercises better III RESEARCH METHODS - Documentary research method - Practical teaching method - Pedagogical experimental method - Coordinative and cooperative method IV OBJECT AND RESEARCH SCOPE - Gifted students in grade of Tran phu secondary school, Nong Cong district, Thanh Hoa province - Some experiences help gifted students in grade to study and passive exercises better SangKienKinhNghiem.net B.CONTENT I RATIONALE English is the global language and also a subject that has been led first in innovation in high schools The Ministry of Education and Training has developed a project to improve the quality of teaching and learning foreign languages throughout the country It is possible to speak English in particular and foreign languages in general are focal points which are concerned and developed strongly Renovation and improvement of the quality of learning foreign languages need many solutions that must first reform the teaching and learning methods However, in order for students to improve their English language skills, in addition to provide them with an abundant vocabulary, teachers also need to build a solid grammar foundation And from this, they will develop their ability to communicate in English Students generally think that English grammar is very mysterious, difficult to understand, so that they feel heavy, bland and become reluctant, afraid when they learn them Therefore, It is very necessary to teach the subject matter in a systematic, logic and it makes student easy to understand It is very important for each teacher to teach this subject II STATE OF THE PROBLEM The states of teaching and studying English at Secondary School We can not negate that passive English is one of the most important grammatical parts It is commonly used not only in literature but also in everyday communication Passive knowledge, however, is sparsely distributed in textbooks from English to 9, which makes it easy for the students to forget and make mistakes Even some students not understand why to use passive sentences while we have active sentences Especially, some special passive sentences From that fact, I have put the content "Passive in English" into SangKienKinhNghiem.net teaching students 8th grade with a duration of 12 periods to help children have the ability to apply passive in many different situations Result and effect of state By examining the quality of the academic year 2015 - 2016 in grade with learning result as follow Class Total Good N 9(2015- 15 fair % 6,7 Average Poor N % N % N % 26,6 40,1 26,6 2016) From this state, the position is a direct teacher who teaches English, I always wondered, agonizing to find out appropriate teaching methods for students, to inspire them when they learn passive voice So every lesson I always create and use many different methods suitably for every student Especially, teaching passive form.I have applied the following solutions III.help gifted students to study and passive exercises better Passive voice is a vital and complicated part in English grammar The passive sentence in English is used when we want to emphasize the action in the sentence, the agent causes the action, no matter who or what is not important The passive voice is taught in English It is not an easy problem for the teachers and the students when the students passive exercises They make too many mistakes because they don’t understand sentence transformation clearly They don’t grasp the theory of passive voice thus, When I teach passive sentences I usually pay attention to the theory of passive voice as such usage, form and sentence transformation, some special passive forms and another kinds of exercises I usually divide passive voice into two parts : SangKienKinhNghiem.net Passive voice in tenses and special passive voice In order to study and passive sentences better, I have to distinguish active and passive voice This makes students understand active and passive voice Difference between active and passive voice a Active sentence: * Using: Active sentence is the sentence used when the subject himself is reminded to take action For example: Mary did her homework yesterday * Normal form of active sentence: S+V+O S (subject): Subject V (verb): verb O (object): object For example: My parents are preparing a lot of delicious cakes S V O b Passive Sentence: * Using: - Passive sentences are used when the subject himself can not take action For example: My money was stolen yesterday * Form of passive sentence be + VpII be: verb "to be" VpII: Verb conjugated from two Passive forms in tenses and special passive forms a Structure is used to change from active sentences into passive sentences Active: S + V + O Passive: S + be + VpII + (by + O) SangKienKinhNghiem.net When we change active sentence into passive sentence, we have to make following steps - Determine S,V,O and tense of verb in the active sentence - Change object of active sentence into subject of passive sentence - Alter main verb in active sentence into verb (past participle)in passive sentence - Add “tobe” before verb (past participle) in the passive sentence ( “ tobe “ depends on tense of main verb ) - Write other factors down and unchange them - Change subject of active sentence into object of passive sentence and place before “by” b Passive forms in tenses + Present progressive tense Eg : He is learning a book now -> A book is being learned by him now Form : S + am/is/are + Ving + O -> S + am/is/ are + being + V(pp)…by + O + Past progressive tense Eg: Nam was preparing the meal at that time -> The meal was being prepared by Nam at that time Form : S + was/were + Ving + -> S + was/were + being + V(pp) ……by + O + Present simple tense Eg : She arranges the books on the shelf every weekend -> The books are arranged on the shelf by her every weekend Form : S + V(infi) / V(s/es) + O -> S + am/ is/ are + V(pp) + …… + by O + Past simple tense Eg : He bought a lot of books yesterday -> A lot of books were bought by him yesterday SangKienKinhNghiem.net Form : S + V(ed) + O -> S + was/were + V(pp) + ….+ by + O + Present perfect tense Eg: She has seen Nam recently -> Nam has been seen by her recently Form : S + has / have +V(pp) -> S + has/ have + been + V(pp) + + by + O + Past perfect tense Eg: I went out after I had finished my homework -> Iwent out after my homework had been finished Form : S + had + V(pp) + O -> S + had + been + V(pp) + ….+ by + O + Future perfect tense Eg : I will have taken an English course by the end of this month -> A English course will have been taken by me by the end of this month Form : S + will / shall have + V(pp) + O -> S + will / shall have + been + V(pp) + ….+ by + O + Simple future tense Eg: He will meet his mother tomorrow -> His mother will be met tomorrow Form : S + will / shall + V(bare infi) + O -> S + will / shall + be + V(pp) + ….+ by + O + Near future tense : Eg: He is going to play tennis tomorrow -> Tennis is going tobe played by him tomorrow Form : S + am/is/are + going to + V(bare infi) + O -> S + am/ is / are + going to + be + V(pp) + ….+ by + O + Modal verb: Eg: He must his homework today -> His homework must be done today SangKienKinhNghiem.net Form : S + modal verb + V(bare infi) + O -> S + modal verb + be + V(PP) ………by + O Note : If No is placed before subject in the active sentence, we have to change into negative in the passive sentence Eg: Nobody has used this bike for two years -> This bike hasn’t been used for two years c Special passive voice When I teach passive voice,I pay attention to special passive voice for gifted students.This passive voice is applied in the examination for gifted students and it is difficult for them to understand and exercises correctly Therefore I have taught this part carefully and give many kinds of different exercises to help students to distinguish them more clearly * Passive voice with verb of two objects : send Bring, buy, give ……… Eg1 : He gave me a new watch yesterday -> I was given a new watch by him yesterday -> A new watch was given to me by him yesterday Eg2 : She bought me a new book last week -> I was bought a new book by her last week -> A new book was bought for me by her last week Form : S + V + O(io) + O(do) -> O(io) + be + V(pp) + O(do) -> O(do) + be + V(pp) + to / for + O (io) Note : - Kinds of verb with preposition “to” : send, bring, give, show……… - Kinds of verb with preposition “for” : buy, get, make, do, save ……… *Passive voice with verb : need / make + Need SangKienKinhNghiem.net Eg: You need to water flowers => Flowers need watering/to be Form: S.O + need to + V(infi) + O => S(thing) + need to be + V(pp) / S+ need + Ving + Make Eg : He made me my homework => I was made to my homework by him Form : S + make s.o s.th =>S.o+ be made + to s.th * Passive voice with causative form : have / get Eg1: She had him repair her car every day -> She had her car repaired every day Form : S + have + O1 ( person ) + V(bare infinitive )+ O2( thing) => S + have + O2( thing ) + V(pp) Eg2 : Minh got lan to wrap her book -> Minh got her book wrapped by Lan Form : S + get + O1 (person) + to infinitve + O2(thing ) => S + get + O2 (thing) + past participle * Passive voice with verbs of perception : See, watch, hear, smell, taste… Eg: She saw him come in -> He was seen to come in They saw the man running away -> The man was seen running away Form : S + V + O + bare infi / Ving => S + be + V(pp) to inifi/ Ving * Passive voice with verbs of opinion: say, think, believe, report,rumour,know, claim, assume,estimate, report,annouce, expect,hope Eg1: They say that he isa good doctor SangKienKinhNghiem.net Method : It is said that he is a good doctor Method : He is said to be a good docto Eg2 People said that he had left for London Method 1: It was said that he had left for London Method 2: He was said to have left for London Eg3 : Mamy people believe that the army is crossing the frontier Method : It is believed that the army is crossing the frontier Method : The army is believed to be crossing the frontier Form : S + V + ( that) + Clause ( S2 + V2 + O ) => It + be + said +(that) + clause (S2 + V2 + O ) S2 + be + said + to - infi + to have + V(pp) * Passive voice with imperative sentences Eg1: Write your name here -> Let your name be written here Form : + Verb + O + A -> Let + O + be + V(pp) + A Eg2 : He let me go out -> I was let go out ->I was allowed to go out Form: + (S) + let +sb+ + sth -> S + be + let +V(bare infi) -> S + be + allowed to + V(bare infi) Active commands can also be turned into passive with SHOULD/ MUST in some situations: Eg3 : Don’t use the car in case it breaks down –> The car shouldn’t be used in case it break down 10 SangKienKinhNghiem.net Eg4 : Don’t let the others see you - > Don’t let yourself be seen Form : Don’t let + Sb + V + you –> Don’t let + yourself + be + P.P2 *Passive voice of To - infinitive: : like, hate, love, want, wish, prefer, hope + object + to-infinitive Eg: He wants someone to take photographs → He wants photographs to be taken Form : S + V + O + to + V* + O* => S + V + O* + tobe + V* (pp) + If object of verb “ to – infi “ is the same subject as the subject of the sentence, the passive form is formed without the object Eg : He likes people to call him sir -> He likes tobe called Sir Form : S*+ V + O + to + V* + O => S* + V + tobe + V* (pp) * Passive voice of Gerund: love, like, dislike, enjoy, fancy, hate, imagine, regret, mind, admit, involve, deny, avoid etc Eg: I like you wearing this dress >> I like this dress being worn by you Form : S + V + O + V*ing + O* => S + V + O* + being + V* (pp) + If object of verb “ to – infi “ is the same subject as the subject of the sentence, the passive form is formed without the object Eg : He doesn’t like people laughing at him 11 SangKienKinhNghiem.net He doesn’t like being laughed at Form : S* + V + O + Ving + O* S* + V + being + V(pp) + ………… * Passive voice with to – infi / gerund + object Some verbs: advise, agree, insist, arrange, suggest, propose, recommend, determine, decide, demand, etc Ex: He decided to sell the house → He decided that the house should be sold Form : Subject + verb + to-inf/ V-ing + object => Subject + verb + that + subject + should be + pp * Passive voice with fake subject Eg: It’s very difficult to study English => It’s very difficult for English to be studied Form : It + be + adj + to-V + O … –> It + be + adj + for O + to be + P.P2 … * Passive voice with some adjectives : possible/ important / essential/ necessary Eg1: It’s possible to grow roses in this land -> Roses can be grown in this land Form : It is + possible + to V + O (có thể/khơng thể làm gì) necessary Impossible -> S + can / can’t + be + V(pp) Eg2: It’s important to save water ->Water must be saved Form : It’s + important + to + V + O (cần thiết/quan trọng phải làm gì) Essential -> S + must + be + V(pp) Eg 3: It’s necessary to protect the environment ->The environment should be protected 12 SangKienKinhNghiem.net Form : It’s + necessary + to + V + O(cần thiết/không cần thiết phải làm gì) unnecessary -> S + should / shouldn’t be + V (pp) * Passive voice with it’s +possessive adjective+ duty Eg: It’s your duty to clean the floor -> You are supposed to clean the floor Form : It’s + possessive adjective + duty to + V + O (trách nhiệm phải làm gì) -> S + (be) + supposed + to + V + O (ai buộc phải làm gì) Guide students to practice doing exercises I guide students to apply the knowledge which they have learned to exercises in order to help them understand the theory more clearly and know how to use them more accurately Ex1 : Change into passive form He often prepares the meal She writes a letter to me 3.He is listening to music now 4.He is reading a novel in his room 5.Did Nam paint his house green ? 6.Everybody cooked dinner in the kitchen 7.Lien opened the door of the classroom 8.They were carrying the injured player off the field 9.Mrs White was drawing diagrams on the blackboard 10.They weren't playing cards at that time Key The meal is often prepared by him 13 SangKienKinhNghiem.net A letter is written to me by her Music is being listened to by him now A novel is being read in his room 5.Was Nam’s house painted green ? 6.Dinner was cooked in the kitchen 7.The door of the classroom was opened by Kien 8.The injured player was being carried off the field 9.Diagrams were being drawn on the blackboard by Mrs White 10.Cards weren’t being played at that time Ex2 : Change into passive form 1.John hasn't finished his homework 2.He hasn't seen you for years 3.Nobody has used this room for ages 4.He has caught a lion recently She will visit her mother this weekend The secretary must send this packet tomorrow He should clean up his apartment 8.I have to improve my English 9.You must learn your lessons tonight 10 We are going to organize a party tonight Key His homework hasn’t been finished by John You haven’t been seen for years This room hasn’t been used for ages A lion has been caught by him recently Her mother will be visited by her this weekend This packet must be sent by the secretary tomorrow 14 SangKienKinhNghiem.net His apartment should be cleaned up by him My English has to be improved by me Your lesson must be learned to the library by you today 10.A party is going to be organized tonight Ex3 : Change into passive form They sent me the message He bought her a car yestday I have given her a book recently 4.He will show me a new house tomorrow Nam needs to his homework Open your book ! Take off your hat Don’t that silly thing again Let tell them about it 10 Don’t let the other see you Key 1.The message was sent to me A car was bought for her by him yesterday A book has been given to her by me recently A new house will be shown to me by him tomorrow Nam’s homework needs tobe done / needing 6.Let your book be opened Let your hat be taken off Don’t let that silly thing be done again Let them be told about it 10 Don’t let yourself be seen by the other Ex4 : Change into passive 15 SangKienKinhNghiem.net 1.She reported that the flowers were killed by frost 2.That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week 3.He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt 4.They promise that the performance will start on time 5.He recommends that we should stay at the city center 6.It’s necessary to keep your feet warm 7.It’s your duty to obey the rule 8.Someone suggested making the examination easier 9.He recommended inviting only relatives 10 He decided to sell the house Key 1.It was reported that the flowers were killed by frost The flowers were reported to be killed by frost 2.It was announced that the meeting was delayed until next week The meeting was announced to have been delayed until next week 3.It was discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt This cotton was discovered to be grown 4.It is promised that the performance will start on time./ The performce is promised to start on time 5.It is recommended that we should stay at the city center 6.It’s necessary to keep your feet warm 7.It’s your duty to obey the rule 8.Someone suggested making the examination easier 9.He recommended inviting only relatives 10 He decided to sell the house Ex5 : Change into passive 1.I had my nephew paint the gate last week 16 SangKienKinhNghiem.net 2.She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow 3.They have her tell the story again 4.John gets his sister to clean his shirt 5.Anne had had a friend type her composition I have heard her sing this song several times People saw him steal your car The teacher is watching them work The detective saw the woman putting the jewelry in her bag 10 He heard the baby crying Key 1.I had the gate painted last week 2.She will have her car washed tomorrow 3.They have the story told again 4.John gets his shirt cleaned 5.Anne has had her composition typed 6.She has been heard to sing this song several times 7.He was seen to steal your car 8.They are being watched to work by the teacher 9.The woman was been seen putting the jewelry in her bag 10.The baby was heard crying Ex6 : Change into passive He wants everybody to serve him I don’t want anyone to disturb me She would like someone to post this letter He doesn’t want people to make him a fool I don’t like people to shout at me I hate people shouting at me 17 SangKienKinhNghiem.net she hates people staring at her I can’t stand people telling me what to I don’t like people interrupting me 10 I dislike people making jokes about me Key He wants to be served I don’t want to be disturbed She would like this letter to be posted He doesn’t want tobe made a fool I don’t like to be shouted at I hate being shouted at me She hates being stared at I can’t stand being told what to I don’t like being interrupted 10.I dislike being made jokes about Ex7: Change into passive It is difficult to finish this exercise on time It’s possible to purify this water It’s essential to send this letter by airmail It’s necessary to keep your feet warm It’s your duty to obey the rule Someone suggested making the examination easier He recommended inviting only relatives He decided to sell the house Key It is difficult for this exercise to be on time This water can be purified 18 SangKienKinhNghiem.net This letter must be sent by airmail Your feet should be kept warm You are supposed to obey the ruler 6.someone suggested that the exam should be made easier He recommended that only relatives should ne invited -> He decided that the house should be sold IV RESULT OF APPLICATION After applying this issue to teaching, I find that students have improved more about doing passive exercises They no longer make mistakes in the examination They feel excited when they learn about passive forms, especially special passive forms By testing and assessment I have achieved better result This is the result of grade in 2016 - 2017 Class Total Good N 9(2016- 15 fair % 60 Average Poor N % N % N % 33,3 6,7 0 2017) 19 SangKienKinhNghiem.net C CONCLUSION Epilogue Above is my presentation of content By teaching passive sentences I realize that students have distinguished passive sentences from active sentences, I help students understand the nature of passive forms with the knowledge of system and logic Beside I also noticed the passion, interest in study of students when using the passive sentences However, they will not be able to grasp the knowledge of sentence grammar in a short period of time which they have to prepare from lower classes and combine English and Mother tongue, they practice, revise and exercises regularly Thus, they these exercises better and more effectively With the experience of reviewing for gifted students I myself am still limited, the duration of study is short, so the content in this subject will inevitably have shortcomings Look forward to constructive feedback, comments from teachers, or any feedback from readers so that this issue will be trustworthy for every student and teacher Recommendations I respectfully request the some following ideas : There is an English speaking club at school, Organizing English speaking competitions in grades, the investment in equipment, teaching aids and materials, opening many thematic to myself and colleagues accumulated more experience in teaching and achieve the highest result to response education requirement today Looking forward to the contribution and the exchange from comrades, colleagues and professionals to myself advances every day and my issue gets most effectively It contributes to the Education and Training and Training 20 SangKienKinhNghiem.net ... issue.“ Some experiences help gifted students in grade to study and passive exercises better? ?? II.RESEARCH PURPOSE The status of teaching and studying passive voice has been applied for many years and. .. divide passive voice into two parts : SangKienKinhNghiem.net Passive voice in tenses and special passive voice In order to study and passive sentences better, I have to distinguish active and passive. .. teaching passive form.I have applied the following solutions III .help gifted students to study and passive exercises better Passive voice is a vital and complicated part in English grammar The passive