[...]... energy density, lowers the flame temperature of the oils, leads to ignition difficulties, and, 18 1 Introduction Table 1.11 Fuel properties of diesel, biodiesel, and biomass pyrolysis oil Property Test method ASTM D975 (diesel) ASTM D6751 Pyrolysis oil (biodiesel, B100) (bio-oil) Flash point Water and sediment Kinematic viscosity (at 313 K) Sulfated ash Ash Sulfur Sulfur Copper strip corrosion Cetane... With a few exceptions, energy from fossil fuels will cost more money than the same amount of energy supplied through biomass conversion (Demirbas, 2007) Table 1.11 shows the fuel properties of diesel, biodiesel, and biomass pyrolysis oil The kinematic viscosity of pyrolysis oil varies from as low as 11 cSt to as high as 115 mm2/s (measured at 313 K) depending on the nature of the feedstock, the temperature . ISBN-13: 9781846289941 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007942233 © 2008 Springer- Verlag London Limited Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes. Calamar S.L., Girona, Spain Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer. com v Preface This book aims to provide a comprehensive treatment