7SS INDEX tectonic processes (continued] seismic velocities 5:406f, 5:410, 5:411 f structural variations 5:414, 5:415'f, 5:416f shaded relief map 5:373f spreading centres Atlantic Margin 4:95, 4:97f axial depth profiles 5:3 75f axial variations 5:381f continental drift theory 3:204-205 Eltanin (research vessel) 3:203 faulting processes 5:385f gravity measurements 1:101, l:101f magnetic anomalies 1:83f morphology 5:373 overlapping spreading centres 5:374f, 5:375, 5:396-405 propagating rifts 5:396-405 sea floor spreading l:83f, 3:198, 3:203, 3:204-205, 3:362-363 topography 5:374f, 5:384-386 thermal metamorphism 5:501 volcanoes 5:566f Miocene Africa 5:481 Central America 5:481 continental positions 5:479, 5:480f Eurasia Himalayan Mountains 5:481 Messinian Salinity Crisis 1:25, 5:481 Tibetan Plateau 5:481 North America Basin and Range 4:60, 5:480 Cascade Range 5:481 Columbia River Flood Basalts 5:480 East Pacific Rise 5:479 general discussion 5:479 Rocky Mountains 5:480 Sierra Nevada Range 5:481 South America Andes Mountains 5:481 general discussion 5:481 Isthmus of Panama 5:481 moonquakes 5:265, 5:329 mountain-building processes 5:417-425 Alpine-type mountain building 5:420, 5:421f Alps crystalline basement rocks 2:133f general discussion 2:132 Oligocene 5:477 erogenic process 2:134f subduction zones 2:133f Andean-type mountain building 1:137, 1:250, 5:419, 5:419f Dana, James D 3:182, 3:183f eighteenth century viewpoints 3:171 general discussion 5:417 geological research (1780-1835) 3:177 geological research (1835-1900) 3:182, 3:183f Hall, James, Jr 2:198, 2:199f, 3:182 Himalayan-type mountain building 3:157, 3:164, 5:420, 5:422f Mediterranean region Appenines 3:654, 3:655f Central Alps 2:117, 3:654, 3:655f cross-sections 3:648f general discussion 3:654, 3:658 Pyrenees 3:654, 3:654f Western Alps 2:117 motive forces 2:251 northern Cordillera 4:43 oceanic island arc belts 5:418 ophiolites 5:418 Tasman Orogenic Belt 1:250 Tibetan Plateau 5:423, 5:424f Wegener, Alfred 2:249 neotectonics 5:425-428 active tectonics 5:425 definition 5:425 glacial isostatic adjustment 2:15If, 5:427 global perspective 5:428 global tectonics 5:426 Indian Sub-Continent 3:296 New Zealand 4:4f, 4:6 North Africa Alpine Orogeny 1:17 general discussion 1:13 Hercynian Orogeny 1:14, 1:16f Infracambrian tectonic processes 1:13 Mesozoic extensional phase 1:16, 1:16f Oligo-Miocene rifting 1:17 post-Infracambrian/pre-Hercynian tectonic processes 1:13 tectonic map l:15f North America Miocene Basin and Range 5:480 Cascade Range 5:481 Columbia River Flood Basalts 5:480 East Pacific Rise 5:479 general discussion 5:479 Rocky Mountains 5:480 Sierra Nevada Range 5:481 northern Cordillera 4:37/", 4:38 Ouachita Mountains accretionary wedges 4:70-71 diachronous collision events 4:61, 4:70 fold and thrust belts 4:62, 4:62^ imbrication zones 4:65 tectonic evolution 4:61, 4:62f tectonic map 4:23 f tectonic synthesis 4:70 Precambrian continental nucleus 4:9f southern Cordillera 4:51f, 4:58, 4:59/", 4:60 ocean trenches 5:428-437 Ordovician 4:182 Pangaea Carboniferous 4:225, 4:226f components 4:225 definition 4:225 mantle convection 3:142, 3:143f microplate terranes 4:228 Permian 4:226/", 4:227 Phanerozoic 1:222 Precambrian basement 4:12 Triassic 3:346, 3:346f, 4:226f, 4:227 Permian 4:214 Permo-Carboniferous basin formation 2:101f,2:96 plate tectonics 4:340-349 See also mountain-building processes basic principles asthenosphere 4:340, 4:343f deformation mechanisms 4:340-341, 4:343f general discussion 4:340 global seismicity 4:341 f lithosphere 4:340, 4:343f plate boundaries 4:340, 4:342f Earth 1:424, 1:426 f geological research (1900-1962) 3:192 global tectonics 5:426 Grenville orogeny 3:164, 3:164f mantle plumes (hotspots) 1:424, 4:348 mechanisms direct forces 4:349 mantle convection 4:348 plate velocities 4:349 morphology convergent plate boundaries 4:343f, 4:344 divergent plate boundaries 4:342, 4:343f,4:344f,5:374f, 5:429-430 transform plate boundaries 4:343, 4:343f, 4:345f, 5:429-430 ocean trenches 5:428-437 plate kinematics absolute plate motions 4:348, 4:348f Euler rotation poles 4:344, 4:346f relative plate motion 4:346, 4-347f terranes 5:455 Wegener, Alfred 3:193 Pliocene 5:487, 5:487t radar techniques 4:418 Rheic Ocean 2:79, 2:80f, 2:82f sedimentary basin formation 2:101 f, 2:96 sediment fluxes 5:18 sequence stratigraphy 5:171, 5:171 f South America 1:306, l:307f, l:308t, 1:308 f South-east Asia 1:177 Suess, Eduard 2:233, 2:238, 2:239/", 2:240f tectonic erosion 5:317t tectonic terrains 3:93f, 3:94, 3:94f Triassic 3:346, 3:346f, 4:102 Turkmenistan 1:166 Uralide orogeny 2:86, 2:89f Variscides Orogeny 2:76f, 2:79, 2:80f, 2:81f Vendian 4:371 western Europe 2:80, 2:82f, 2:83f, 2:102 See also faulting processes; orogenic events