SLEEP NEEDS, PATTERNS,AND DIFFICULTIESOF ADOLESCENTS doc

[...]... institution David Hamburg Chair, Forum on Adolescence SLEEP NEEDS, PATTERNS, DIFFICULTIES ADOLESCENTS AND OF Sleep Needs, Patterns, and Difficulties of Adolescents INTRODUCTION Sleep is not only a biological necessity but also a physiological drive In today’s fast-paced world, though, a good night’s sleep is often the first thing to go The effects of inadequate sleep are more than mere annoyances: they affect... SLEEP NEEDS, PATTERNS, AND DIFFICULTIES OF ADOLESCENTS minutes on average and awoke spontaneously As they progressed through adolescence, they continued to get the same amount of sleep, but they no longer woke spontaneously before the end of the sleep window At midpuberty, adolescents also became sleepier during the day According to the MSLT, prepubertal and early adolescents were unable to fall asleep... who continue to get 4 and 6 hours of sleep a 16 SLEEP NEEDS, PATTERNS, AND DIFFICULTIES OF ADOLESCENTS night progressed into a zone that is the equivalent of two nights without any sleep, resulting in massive debilitation Dinges told the workshop participants that his research shows a significant change in the learning curve associated with sleep loss With 8 hours of sleep a night, subjects get better... of tonsillectomies in children, more sleep apnea is occurring in adolescents from upper airway obstructions The delayed sleep phase syndrome has many of the characteristics of sleep loss described throughout the workshop Common effects among teenagers with this disorder include morning sleepiness, poor school performance, sleeping in on weekends, and increased REM sleep Physical Illness Among those disorders... wakefulness after falling asleep They have what’s been described as decreased sleep efficiency and decreases in their slow-wave (nonREM) sleep Interestingly, there is a correlation between the ratio of weight to height (as measured by the body mass index) and the amount of slowwave sleep, which tends to hold true for these patients 20 SLEEP NEEDS, PATTERNS, AND DIFFICULTIES OF ADOLESCENTS As mentioned... policy makers, researchers, and practitioners to examine research on adolescence and sleep Among the questions it addressed were: How much sleep do teenagers need? What are the typical sleep patterns of adolescents? What are the influences on sleep problems and disturbances? What are the consequences of insufficient sleep? Drawing on participants’ presentations and discussions, this workshop summary... Sunday night Despite this, sleeping in on weekends allows adolescents to pay back some of their weeknight sleep debt, some workshop participants observed Influences on Adolescent Sleep Patterns The various factors that influence how much adolescents sleep cluster into two major areas One is intrinsic—the biological processes going on internally in adolescents; the other is the external factors—social,... significant role in their sleep habits Intrinsic Factors Internal processes themselves fall into two types One is the biological timing system—the circadian rhythms of approximately 24-hour intervals that influence when and how much we sleep The second is the internal system that tallies the balance of sleeping and waking—the sleep/ wake homeostasis system: when sleep is deprived, more sleep is needed Thus,... and to wake up later This is referred to as sleep phase delay Carskadon described research on college students that restricted their sleep to 5 hours a night for several nights This study found that daytime sleepiness increased with each night of restricted sleep, indicating the cumulative effect of sleep loss The research also showed that even with restricted sleep students felt more alert in the evening,... Other participants noted that it is not just sleep loss that is troublesome in adolescents but also the enormous variation in their weekday/weekend sleep patterns While some argued strongly that allowing students to sleep in on weekends was essential for reducing their sleep debt, others pointed out problems: a youngster who gets up at 6 a.m on weekdays and then sleeps until noon or later on weekends is . Adolescence SLEEP NEEDS , PATTERNS , AND DIFFICULTIES OF ADOLESCENTS 1 Sleep Needs, Patterns, and Difficulties of Adolescents INTRODUCTION Sleep is not. DEVELOPMENT AND SLEEP 3 A DOLESCENT SLEEP PATTERNS AND DAYTIME SLEEPINESS 4 C ONSEQUENCES OF INSUFFICIENT SLEEP 13 I DENTIFYING AND INTERVENING IN CLINICAL SLEEP