442 K Srinivasan and R Kasturirangan In other words, these interventions are enabled by the biopolitical side-lining of the well-being of individual organisms.4 This biopolitical emphasis on biodiversity as a whole and the concomitant marginalisation of the lives and well-being of individual organisms go along with the co-articulation of harm and care that is central to the conservationist management of IAS The abuse that is entailed in the conservationist control of invasive organisms such as mink, rabbits, and grey squirrels does not have the objective of exploitation for meeting human self-interest Rather, it is predicated on biopolitical rationalities of care, that is, care for the very object of abusive intervention—nonhuman life—at the level of biodiversity or the ecosystem For example, grey squirrels are not targeted for violent management as IAS merely to meet narrowly defined human ends but because they are viewed as threatening red squirrels and biodiversity more generally It is this biopolitical co-articulation of harm and care, enabled by the ontological focus on the larger collectivity that permits the abusive control of some organisms labelled as invasive alien in a social formation that is primarily about protecting nonhuman nature Indeed, the eradication of organisms labelled as invasive alien becomes an act of care It is the immunitary logics peculiar to biopolitical power (Esposito 2008), that is, logics relating to protecting life from a threat from within, that allow for the abuse that is part and parcel of the management of IAS to remain acceptable in both conservationist and public imaginaries Win-win Solutions for the Anthropocene The biopolitical focus on the larger collectivity not only allows for the rearticulation of the violent control of IAS as a manifestation of conservationist care, but also enables the juggling of competing interests: human and nonhuman As discussed earlier, integral to the definition of alien species is that of human introduction Only those organisms that are introduced to a region by human means are classified as alien Indeed, it is widely acknowledged (Wonham 2006; McNeely et al 2001) that the constant traffic of humans and human artefacts in an increasingly globalised world is a key factor in the emergence of invasive species as a threat from within to nonhuman nature broadly conceived Despite this recognition of the solely human cause of the problem, measures that address the cause at its root—for For exceptions see newly emerging literatures on compassionate conservation (Ramp and Bekoff 2015; Paquet and Darimont 2010)