THEOLOGOS 1/2015 | ŠTÚDIE The Sacrament of the Sick in the Teaching of the Second Vatican Council SZYMON DRZYŻDŻYK The Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków Abstract: The article is devoted to the Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick specifically changes to the sacrament that took place as a result of the work done at the Second Vatican Council during the years 1962 – 1965 It is an analysis of the sources of the change in the approach to the Sacrament of the Sick in the Liturgical Renewal Movement and the proposed return to the source of Christian thinking The background for the preparations of the Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium will be shown as the essence of the Council‘s teaching on the issue of anointing as well as the fruit of the Council, which is the new rite of the Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick that was put into force on 30 November 1972 The article will show the backstage discussions, the disputes and the substantive work that accompanied the formation of the teaching concerning the sacrament of the sick Keywords: anointing the sick, Vatican II Council, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, Sacrosanctum Concilium, liturgical renewal, liturgical movement Under the Apostolic Constitution Humanae salutis of 25 December 1961, Pope John XXIII formally convened the Council, setting the exact date of its opening as October 11, 1962 The Council was supposed to be the incarnation of the Pope‘s plans for the renewal of the Church, which had been born three months after his election to the See of Peter.1 The text Angelo Roncalli (1881 – 1963) became Pope 28 October 1958 and took the name John XXIII The idea of the Pope to call the council was somewhat spontaneous but also well thought out As he said, it was conceived on Jan 20, 1959, during a routine conversation with Tardinim Domenico and Giovanni Battista Montini (later Pope Paul VI) What resulted? Simply that the current situation in the Church was such that the Pope was motivated to invoke the Council K WENZEL, Mała historia Soboru Watykańskiego II, Kraków 2007, s. 6 – 16 11