678 | Index Legislation / laws: animal attorneys, 366; animal cruelty enforcement laws, 155 –58; animals and, 353 –56; in Australia, 357– 61; dignity laws, 365 –66; for dissection experiments, 175; in EU, 361– 67; for factory farms, 245 – 46; of horse slaughtering, 309 –11; speciesism and, 529 –34; three R’s and, 557; in U.S., 367–69 Leopold, Aldo, 102, 195 –96, 222, 240, 607, 621 Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) test, 25, 447– 48 Lethal wildlife management, 287 Levertov, Denise, 419 Lewin, Roger, 239 Lewis, C S., 478 Liang Yuxia, 122 Life sciences, animal experiment alternatives, 7–10 Linguistic terminology, 395 –96 Linzey, Andrew, 479, 511–12 Lions, 220 Lipizzaner Stallions, 213 Little, Clarence C., 379 Little penguin field studies, 257 Liu Zhengcai, 125 Livestock industry See Agribusiness industry Li Xiaoxi, 122 Locke, John, 326 Loftin, Robert, 101, 103 Logos (source of all life), 454 Long, Robert, 259 Lorenz, Konrad, 71 Lucy (chimpanzee), 305, 307 Luna (orca), 603 Lyme disease, 166 Lynch, Michael, 349 MacIntyre, Alasdair, 584 Mad cow disease See Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Magpie field studies, 257 Mahavira (Hindu sage), 450, 482 Maimonides, Moses, 469, 470 –71, 472 Malamud, Randy, 220 Mallee emu-wren, 299 –300 Mammals, 143 – 44, 229 Mandela, Nelson, 148 Mang Ping, 122 Mann, Horace, 319 Manual of Moral and Humane Education (Helm), 319 Marin County Agricultural Commissioner, 433 –34 Marra (bottle-nose dolphin), 602–3 Martin, Pamela, 575 Martin, Richard (Martin’s Act), 361, 491 Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (MSPCA), 154 –57, 318, 319 McLean, Paul, 275 –76 McMillan, Franklin, 415 Meadow vole field studies, 257 Mech, L David, 622 Medical research with animals, 373 –76; differences in, 373 –75; drug research, 373 –74; early Native American use, 391–93; medical school testing, 25; similarities in, 375 –76 Mench, Joy, 102, 103 Mendel, Gregor, 296, 443 Menu Foods, 15 Menzel, Charles, 306 Mice, 376 –83; for antibody research, 380 –81; breeding history, 378 –79; for cancer research, 379 –80; embryological studies with, 199; genetic make-up of, 377–78; imaging with, 381; in laboratories, 542– 43; in space, 61, 65; strains of, 379, 381–82; testing with, 379; for vaccine research, 380; welfare provisions, 382 Midgley, Mary, 43, 276, 426 –27 Mill, John Stuart, 1–2 Misothery, 383 Mivart, St George, 20, 105 Monkey pox, 166 Monkeys: alarm calls of, 520 –21; caged, 334, 404; experiments on, 334, 404; organ grinders and, 213; Silver Spring monkeys, 523 –24; for space travel, 61, 63 See also Chimpanzees Monkey World Ape Rescue Centre, 498 Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), 293, 375, 379, 380 –81