670 | Index Chinchilla experiments, 404 –5 Chipperfield, Mary, 217–18 Chips (German shepherd), 587 Chomsky, Noam, 307–8, 504 –5 Christianity: animal rights and, 485; animals and, 449 –50, 452, 456 – 58; animal theology, 453 – 54; Catholicism, 452, 531; ecological views of, 196; hunting and, 330; Islam and, 483 –84; pagan practices and, 88; slaughtering in, 483 Christian Vegetarian Association, 480 Ci (caring, compassion), 459 Circus animals, 217–18, 405 Clarke, Martha, 215 Classical conditioning in dogs, 136 –37 Clayton, Susan, 319, 321 Clicker training in dogs, 136 –37 Clifford, Hal, 622 Climate change effects, 30, 241 Clinton, Bill (administration), 203, 301, 503 Cloning animals, 20, 293 –96 Cloud, Peter Blue, 418 Clouse, Mary Britton, 80 Cockfighting, 129 –33; as blood sport, 90, 92, 93, 94; future of, 132; opposition to, 130; origins of, 129; scandals with, 132–33; tools of, 130 Coe, Sue, 77, 80, 418 Cognition in animals, 384 –85, 439, 510 Cognitive ethology, 72, 147, 600 Colam, John, 492 Columbia (space shuttle), 65 Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), 333 –36 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), 364 Communication: music and wildlife research, 265 –66; research of wildlife, 265 –69; with signals / rituals, 519 –21 Companion animals, 34 –35, 133 –39; abandoned pets, 30, 106, 135, 167, 170 –71, 231, 437; in Australia, 357; disaster planning for, 168 –69; disaster treatment for, 171–72; food poisoning, 15; kidnapping of, 367; PETA and, 406; pet owners, 133 –35, 200; pet renting, 407–9; popularity of, 42; rabbits, 445; reptiles as, 486; surgical procedures with, 20 –21; training of, 137–38 See also Cats; Dogs; Euthanasia Compassion in World Farming, 262 Concern for Helping Animals in Israel (CHAI), 340 – 41 Cone, James, 532–33 Conscientious objection to dissection, Conscientious omnivores, 40 Consciousness in animals, 139 – 43; analogical arguments for, 142; meanings of, 141, 275; questions over, 139 – 40; vertebrates vs invertebrates, 399 See also Sentience in animals Conservation concerns: anthropocentrism and, 144; education, 320 –23; elephants and ethics, 143 – 49; in Kenya, 343 – 46; zoo animals and, 632–33 Conservatism vs liberalism, 548 Contaminated bear bile, 126 –27 Contraception and wildlife, 610 –15; with free ranging animals, 613 –14; immunocontraceptives, 610; overpopulation control, 611–12 Contract theories, 223 –24 Contractualism, 457 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), 364 Coping in animal welfare, 54 – 55 Corridas (bullfighting), 90 –91, 93, 96 –98 Cosmetic mutations of pets, 135 Cosmic justice principle, 149 – 53; debates over, 151–52; moral obligations in, 150, 152–53; proponents of, 152; vs traditional justice, 149 –51 Cost-benefit analysis of animal experimentation, 76 Coulston, Fred, 115 Council of Europe, animal welfare law, 364 Course Landese bullfighting, 98 Coyotes: calling contests, 608 –9; control of, 428, 430 –33, 566 Cricket fighting, 92–93 Critical anthropomorphism, 73 –74 Cronin, Jim and Alison, 498