Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans potx

Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Disparities in Lung Health Series Preface    Professor of Clinical Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute; Co-Director Diversity Enhancement, Columbus, OH               Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans      Diane B.K.’s Story                        Michael R.’s Story                      The numbers say a lot in this report, but lung cancer affects individual people and their friends and families: Introduction                                1 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Health Disparities in the United States                 Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare                                     Too Many Cases                               2 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans “The real challenge lies not in debating whether disparities exist, but in developing and implementing strategies to reduce and eliminate them.” – Alan R. Nelson, MD, Chair, IOM Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care 3 American Lung Association www.LungUSA.org 1-800-LUNG-USA             Definition                                     Causes                                                                                          Types                                          Diagnosis and Treatment                                                                               Stigma                                               “Everyone assumes I’m a breast cancer survivor because I am a woman. Then, when I say lung cancer, the person’s expression changes and they are either shocked or say something like, ‘you don’t look like a smoker’ or ‘you don’t look like the type that would have lung cancer.’” – Diane B.K. About Lung Cancer Smoking Prevalence by Percent                          Tobacco Use                                      4 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Smoking Prevalence by Race and Ethnicity and Sex, 2008 Figure 2 Smoking Prevalence Incidence Rate Per 100,000  74.7  64.4  44.9  Smoking Prevalence by Race and Ethnicity and Sex, 2008 Figure 1 Lung Cancer Incidence Rates Race and Ethnicity  Source: SEER CSR, 2006. Source: NHIS, 2008. Race and Ethnicity 25.5 18.0 23.6 20.6 42.3 22.4                          5 American Lung Association www.LungUSA.org 1-800-LUNG-USA Figure 3 Menthol Cigarette Smokers “The tobacco industry has done a lot to court the black community, including buying good will at all levels.” – William Robinson, Executive Director, National African American Tobacco Prevention Network Source: NSDUH, 2009. Race and Ethnicity   82.6%  32.0%  23.8%           Preventive Behavior    2005 Health Information National Trends Survey         Socioeconomic Status                                                6 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Figure 4 Median Household Income 2007 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2008. African American White Figure 5 Unemployment Rate $33,916 $52,115 African American White 12.0% 5.4% Source: ACS, 2006–2008.    Environmental Exposures                                                                                                 7 American Lung Association www.LungUSA.org 1-800-LUNG-USA Figure 6 Education Levels                               Source: U.S. Census Bureau, CPS, 2008.      African American White 13% 56% 48% 17%                                     Genetics                                                                   8 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans “Initially they were not able to identify where my cancer originated. I knew that there was a long history of cancer in my family and I knew I had to do something about the fact that I didn’t feel well and, once diagnosed, do something about the cancer.” – Diane B.K. [...]... a Toxic Air Contaminant Executive Summary June 2005 52 Flenaugh EL Lung Cancer Disparities in African Americans: Health versus Health Care Clinics in Chest Medicine 2006 27: 431-439 19 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans 53 Ward E, Halpern M, Schrag N, et al Association of insurance with cancer care utilization and outcomes CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Jan–Feb 2008... http://report.nih.gov/rcdc/categories/ 77 Molina JR, yang P, Cassivi SD, et al Nonsmall cell lung cancer: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survivorship Mayo Clin Proc 2008 83: 584594 American Lung Association www.LungUSA.org 1-800 -LUNG- USA Acknowledgements Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Janice Nolen and Erika Sward who contributed Cancer in African Americans is the first in a se- research findings and reviewed... like the people about the encounter, the African at the James Cancer Clinic African American patients, and Americans perceived their doctors to work with it rather than really have a concern as less supportive, less partnering against it in treatment for me, personally, and my well-being.” – Michael R 13 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Racism and Social Stress “If you... advanced lung cancer and palliative treatments for later-stage disease that can extend and improve quality of life.77 Researchers are working hard to develop tests that can detect lung cancer in its early stages, when it can be treated more successfully Researchers are also seeking new treatments to increase the survival time and even cure lung cancer 15 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African. .. R 17 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Works Cited 1 U.S National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute: SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1973-2006 2 U.S Dept of Health and Human Services, Office of Public Health and Science, Office of Minority Health Changing Outcomes Achieving Health Equity, The National Plan for Action (Public Comment Draft) Office of Minority... because his lung cancer interfered with his ability to limited resources that affect their thereof, in lung cancer disparities is work With his income cut in ability to provide standard-ofpoignantly illustrated by the findings half, he worries about the future and being able to care medical therapy.52 In a of a recent study of lung cancer afford ongoing care recent review of lung cancer cases in the military... menthol cigarettes • Federal agencies, including the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Department of Defense, should test and correct radon health hazards in housing that they own and manage • The National Institutes of Health should increase funding for lung cancer research Additional research on health disparities, including lung cancer in African Americans, is needed • The Health Care... Program supports clinical, laboratory and epidemiological research on lung cancer Along with other advocacy organizations, the Lung Association continues to fight for increased funding on prevention and treatment of lung cancer with the goal of increasing five-year survival rates and reducing death and disease Although the prognosis for patients with lung cancer remains poor, early-stage lung cancer is curable... all Lung Association reports, Too Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Cen- Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in ter and Richard J Solove Research Institute; Co- African Americans was a collaborative undertak- Director Diversity Enhancement, Columbus, OH ing, and we gratefully acknowledge the many Lovell Jones, MD, Director, Center for Re- contributors who made it possible search on Minority... EGFR Pathway in African American Patients with Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Journal of Clinical Oncology November 20, 2009 27(33): 5620-5626 47 Du W, Gadgeel SM, Simon MS Predictors of enrollment in lung cancer clinical trials Cancer Jan 15, 2006 106(2): 420-5 48 Trauth JM, Jernigan JC, Siminoff LA, et al Factors Affecting Older African American Women’s Decisions to Join the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial . Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans Disparities in Lung. Cases                               2 Too Many Cases, Too Many Deaths: Lung Cancer in African Americans “The real challenge lies not in debating whether disparities exist, but in developing