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CHAPTER 122 ■ NEUROSURGICAL EMERGENCIES JULIE McMANEMY, KATRINA DUCIS, ANDREW JEA GOALS OF EMERGENCY THERAPY A patient with a neurologic disorder is considered a neurosurgical emergency when any delay of treatment may lead to serious permanent neurologic morbidity or death Diagnostic tests and radiographic evaluation should be tailored to early recognition of neurosurgical emergencies to assist with clinical management and appropriate neurosurgical consultation KEY POINTS Headache is a common presenting complaint Atraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may accompany cerebral vascular malformations Pediatric hydrocephalus often requires surgical intervention RELATED CHAPTERS Signs and Symptoms Injury: Head: Chapter 41 Pain: Headache: Chapter 59 Vomiting: Chapter 81 Medical, Surgical, and Trauma Emergencies Neurologic Emergencies: Chapter 97 Neurotrauma: Chapter 113 SPONTANEOUS (NONTRAUMATIC) INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE