Chest wall deformity disorders Neurologic disease Central nervous system Spinal/anterior horn cell Neuromuscular junction Other diseases Bronchopulmonary dysplasia α1 -Antitrypsin deficiency Hydrocarbon aspiration, aspiration syndromes Congenital lobar emphysema Diaphragmatic hernia Kyphoscoliosis (severe) Restrictive lung disease secondary to chest deformity Status epilepticus Severe static encephalopathy Acute meningoencephalitis Brain abscess, hematoma, tumor Brain stem insult Arnold–Chiari crisis Drug intoxication Transverse myelitis Poliomyelitis Polyradiculitis (Guillain–Barré) Spinal muscle atrophy type (Werdnig– Hoffmann syndrome) Myasthenia gravis Botulism (e.g., infantile, food-borne, wound) Tetanus Myopathy Neuropathy Drugs (e.g., succinylcholine, curare, pancuronium, organophosphates) Cardiac disease Anemia (severe) Acidemia (e.g., renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis, hepatic disease)