subdural empyema, 1389 –1390 venous infarcts, 1390 ventriculitis, 1389 Hydrochlorothiazide, 531 Hydrocortisone, for adrenal insufficiency, 84 Hydroxychloroquine, 1015 Hyperadrenalism, 560 Hyperammonemia, 126 , 482 , 872 Hyperbilirubinemia, 930 Hypercalcemia, 926 Hypercalciuria, 238 –239 , 531 Hypercapnia, 478 Hypercarbia, 120 Hyperchloremia, 80 Hypercoagulability, 798 –801 Hyperdynamic cardiac activity, 424 Hyperglycemia, 655 , 658 –660 , 1100 Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome, 121 Hyperleukocytosis, 906 Hyperlipidemia, 366 Hypernatremia, 502 Hypernatremic dehydration, 1036 Hyperoxia, 49 Hyperparathyroid, 671 –673 Hyperparathyroidism, 130 , 560 Hyperpigmentation, 465 –466 , 570 Hyperprolactinemia, 342 , 344 Hyperpronation, 1374 Hypertension diagnostic approach to, 242 f differential diagnosis, 240 –241 evaluation and decision, 241 –242 management, 242 –243 pathophysiology, 240 –241 prevalence of, 240 specific therapy, 243 –246 , 244 t, 246 f clevidipine, 245 clonidine, 246 enalaprilat, 245 esmolol, 245 fenoldopam, 245 hydralazine, 245 isradipine, 246 labetalol, 243 –244 nicardipine, 244 –245 nifedipine, 246 phentolamine, 245 sodium nitroprusside, 245 stages, 240 Hypertensive emergency, 240 Hypertensive encephalopathy, 120 Hypertensive urgency, 240 Hyperthermia, 120 , 124 Hyperthyroidism, 345 , 560 Hypertonic dehydration, 149 Hypertonic solutions, 57 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 368 Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), 519 , 522 Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS), 552 Hypertrophic scar, 1354 , 1355 f Hypertrophied breast tissue, 111 Hypertropia/hypotropia emergencies, 180 –181 Hypervitaminosis D, 130 Hyphema, 189 , 1270 –1271 , 1271 f clinical recognition, 1271 evidences, 1271 management, 1271 treatment goals, 1271 triage considerations, 1271 Hypoadrenalism, 560 Hypoalbuminemia, 162 Hypocalcemia, 80 , 560 Hypochloremia, 560 Hypochromic anemia, 419 Hypoglycemia, 80 , 494 , 502 –503 , 520 , 660 –662 , 693 , 1031 , 1035 as apnea, 102 in neonate, 67 Hypokalemic periodic paralysis, 896 Hyponatremia, 560 Hyponatremic hypovolemia, 967 Hypoparathyroid, 673 –674 Hypoparathyroidism, 560 Hypopigmentation, 465 Hypopituitarism, 662 –663 Hypoplastic anemia, 418 –419 Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), 501 –502 , 595 Hypopyon, 190 Hyposthenuria, 428 Hypotension, 124 , 341 , 485 Hypothalamic–pituitary axis disorders, 344 –345 Hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, 536 Hypothalamic tumors, 907 Hypothermia, 682 , 693 Hypothyroidism, 130 , 345 , 560 Hypotonia, 556 Hypotonic dehydration, 149 Hypovolemia, 1091 , 1099 , 1295 Hypovolemic shock due to diarrhea, 84 history and physical examination findings, 76 management source control, 81 POCUS findings, 76 Hypoxemia, 102 , 480 , 680 causes of, 29 management of, 44 respiratory support during, 35 Hypoxia, 478 Hypoxic coma, 120 I Ibuprofen, 203 , 887 , 1014 t, 1025 –1026 , 1035 for pain control, 1316 Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), 190 , 330 clinical considerations, 888 clinical indications for discharge/admission, 888 evidences, 888 goals of treatment, 888 initial assessment, 888 management, 888 Idiopathic postasthmatic amyotrophy, 557 Idiopathic scrotal edema, 413 Idiopathic seizure, 881 Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), 233 Id reaction, 433 , 435 , 446 t Ileus, 87 , 88 t, 89 –90 , 93 Iliac adenitis, 313 Iliotibial (IT) band syndrome, 279 Ill and injured children, general approach background, 26 family presence, 30 –32 pediatric differences, 26 primary survey for, 28 –30 , 29 t airway, 28 –29 breathing, 29 circulation, 29 disability, 29 exposure/environment, 30 fluid resuscitation, 30 IV access, 30 , 30 t principles of critical, 26 –27 quality and competency, 32 –33 rapid assessment, 28 secondary survey for, 30 findings and implications, 31 t–32 t team composition for, 27 –28 triage system, 26 –27 vital signs, 27 , 28 t ... nicardipine, 244 –245 nifedipine, 246 phentolamine, 245 sodium nitroprusside, 245 stages, 240 Hypertensive emergency, 240 Hypertensive encephalopathy, 120 Hypertensive urgency, 240 Hyperthermia, 120 , 124... syndrome, 279 Ill and injured children, general approach background, 26 family presence, 30 –32 pediatric differences, 26 primary survey for, 28 –30 , 29 t airway, 28 –29 breathing, 29 circulation,