Momma K, Matsuoka R, Takao A Aortic arch anomalies associated with chromosome 22q11 deletion (CATCH 22) Pediatr Cardiol 1999;20:97–102 McElhinney DB, Clark BJ 3rd, Weinberg PM, et al Association of chromosome 22q11 deletion with isolated anomalies of aortic arch laterality and branching J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37:2114– 2119 These two papers show the high incidence of chromosome 22q11 deletion in patients with anomalies of the aortic arch, emphasizing the need for screening in patients with or without associated cardiac defects Oddone M, Granata C, Vercellino N, Bava E, Tomà P Multi-modality evaluation of the abnormalites of the aortic arches in children: techniques and imaging spectrum with emphasis on MRI Pediatr Radiol 2005;35:947–960 Hernanz-Shulman M Vascular rings: a practical approach to imaging diagnosis Pediatr Radiol 2005;35:961–979 These two review papers describe contemporary imaging approaches to anomalies of the aortic arch, with special emphasis on the utility of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging Fiore AC, Brown JW, Weber TR, Turrentine MW Surgical treatment of pulmonary artery sling and tracheal stenosis Ann Thorac Surg 2005;79:38– 46 This original paper reviews surgical treatment strategies for pulmonary arterial sling and tracheal stenosis, illustrating the surgical techniques that include patch augmentation of the trachea and slide tracheoplasty They also emphasize that tracheal repair is not always necessary Kim YM, Yoo SJ, Kim TH, et al Tracheal compression by elongated aortic arch in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries Pediatr Cardiol 2001;22:471– 477 Kim YM, Yoo SJ, Kim WH, et al Bronchial compression by posteriorly displaced ascending aorta in patients with congenital heart disease Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:881–886 These papers assess the mechanism of compression of the airways by an aorta that does not form a vascular ring or sling The authors emphasize that the trachea can be significantly compressed by the elongated and enlarged aortic arch, when the ascending aorta connects to the descending aorta on the opposite side, and that the main bronchus can be squeezed between the ascending and descending aorta when the ascending aorta has an unusually posterior position