management, 754 –755 treatment, goals of, 754 Chagas disease, 846 Chalazions, 1401 –1402 chronic, 1402 f multiple, 1401 f Chance fractures, 1092 , 1211 f Chancroid, 312 Charcoal therapy, 293 Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, 305 CHARGE syndrome, 222 Chediak–Higashi syndrome, 465 Chelation therapy, 1064 t Chemical burns, 1102 –1103 Chemical cystitis, 529 Chemical exposure, 1102 , 1400 Chest compressions, 66 Chest pain arrhythmias and, 368 associated with mitral valve prolapse, 369 causes, 367 t esophageal, 374 life-threatening, 368 t cocaine exposure and, 367 –368 connective tissue disorders and, 369 differential diagnosis, 366 –370 drug exposure and, 369 in dyspneic/cyanotic patient, 366 evaluation and decision, 370 –374 child with no thoracic trauma, 372 –374 child with thoracic trauma, 370 –372 diagnostic approach, 370 f–371 f foreign bodies aspiration and, 369 GI diseases and, 369 inflammatory conditions and, 368 with palpitations, 374 pathophysiology, 366 pleural effusions and, 369 postpericardiotomy syndrome and, 369 pulmonary diseases and, 369 radiating to back, jaw or left arm, 374 spontaneous pneumomediastinum and, 369 workup of, 374 Chest, subcutaneous emphysema of, 1228 f Chest wall, 481 –482 injuries, 1282 –1283 tumors malignant, 1424 f thoracic emergencies, 1422 –1423 Cheyne–Stokes respirations, 123 , 486 Chiari malformations/myelomeningoceles, 557 Chief complaint, , 10 –11 , 22 –23 , 23 t, 24 , 27 , 30 , 157 , 224 Child abuse, 504 –505 abdominal trauma, 1092 –1093 cutaneous manifestations, 624 –625 emergency care, goals, 620 fractures, 627 injuries from physical abuse, 620 –624 ocular trauma, traumatic iritis, 1272 oropharyngeal injuries, 625 –627 rib fractures, 1283 Child maltreatment, 624 Child physical abuse, 620 –624 , 627 , 629 Chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver, 29 Chipmunk facies, 419 Chlamydia, 312 , 543 conjunctivitis, 852 neonatal, 851 trachomatis , 254 , 383 , 402 , 411 , 530 , 537 , 543 , 545 –546 , 1338 Chloramphenicol, 442 Chlorhexidine, oral rinses, 1315 Chloroma, 906 Cholecystitis, 292 , 354 , 358 , 736 Choledochal cysts, 293 Cholelithiasis, 292 , 736 Cholesteatomas, 157 Chondrolysis, 1372 Chondrosarcoma, 1424 Chorea, 897 –898 Chorioamnionitis, 67 Choroid plexus cauterization (CPC), 1386 Chronic arthritis, 406 Chronic bullous disease of childhood (CBDC), 448 , 449 t Chronic kidney disease, 987 –989 , 988 t Chronic lung disease (CLD), 572 , 577 –578 Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), 302 Chronic pharmaceutical toxicity, 1029 –1030 Chronic poisoning, 1029 Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), 302 Chylothorax, 1413 Cigarette smoking, 1411 Ciguatera, 1057 –1058 Circulation assessment of, 29 evaluation, 50 –51 management, 51 –58 cardiac compression, 51 –53 defibrillation and cardioversion, 57 –58 fluid resuscitation, 57 intravascular access, 53 –54 use of primary drugs, 54 –57 Circulation-airway-breathing (CAB) sequence, 681 Cisatracurium, 39 t Classic botulism, 559 Classic plaque-type psoriasis, 470 f Clevidipine, 245 Clindamycin, 81 t, 350 , 475 Clinical decision support (CDS) alert design sequential, 12 testing and monitoring, 12 applied to acute pediatric care, –12 , 10 t assessment and plan formulation, –10 disposition and post-visit, 12 plan execution, 10 pre-visit, principles for effective order set design, 10 –11 response to events, 11 –12 EHR-based, –9 implementation and sustenance, Clinical Dehydration Scale (CDS), 155 f, 554 Clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) clinical features associated with risk of, 1256 t definition of, 1254 Clinical pathways, –8 Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), Clonidine, 246 , 1044 –1045 Closed-loop communication, 14 Clostridium botulinum infection, 504 , 558 Clostridium difficile infection, 153 , 1314 Clostridium tetani infection, 559 Clotting abnormalities, 420 , 693 CLOVES syndrome, 1352 Clozapine, for schizophrenia, 1442 Cocaine abuse, 1075 –1076 Coccidioidomycosis, 444 “Coffee-grounds” emesis, 548 Cognitive biases, in emergency medicine, t Cognitive error, Coke fever, 1076 Cold-induced vasoconstriction, 691 Colic, 139 Collagen vascular disease, 329 , 897 Collateral ligament injury, testing for, 277 , 277 f Coloboma, 186 Coma cardiovascular abnormalities and, 120 of cerebrovascular origin, 119 –120 ... abuse, 1075 –1076 Coccidioidomycosis, 444 “Coffee-grounds” emesis, 548 Cognitive biases, in emergency medicine, t Cognitive error, Coke fever, 1076 Cold-induced vasoconstriction, 691 Colic, 139... decision support (CDS) alert design sequential, 12 testing and monitoring, 12 applied to acute pediatric care, –12 , 10 t assessment and plan formulation, –10 disposition and post-visit, 12 plan... 157 , 224 Child abuse, 504 –505 abdominal trauma, 1092 –1093 cutaneous manifestations, 624 –625 emergency care, goals, 620 fractures, 627 injuries from physical abuse, 620 –624 ocular trauma,