A child with chronic stridor generally does not require an extensive evaluation in the ED unless significant respiratory distress is present or a significant change in the quality of the stridor is noted The infant with chronic stridor who is otherwise well should be referred to the primary pediatrician or to an otolaryngologist Once a neoplastic cause is deemed unlikely, the older child with chronic stridor should be referred to otolaryngology for evaluation, including nasopharyngoscopy and possible direct laryngoscopy for evaluation of the vocal cords The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Clinical Pathways ED Pathway for the Evaluation/Treatment of the Child With Croup URL: https://www.chop.edu/clinical-pathway/croup-emergentevaluation-clinical-pathway Authors: J Piccione, MD; M Mittal, MD; J Seiden, MD; B Jenssen, MD; M Dunn, MD; R Hughes, PharmD; K Cohn, MD; E Hysinger, MD; A Buzi, MD; E Walker, RT; M.F Duff, RT; J.M Malpass, RT; S.M Gaines, RN Posted: September 2014, last revised December 2016, reviewed December 2018 ED Clinical Pathway for the Evaluation/Treatment of the Child With a Suspected Deep Neck Space Infection URL: https://www.chop.edu/clinical-pathway/neck-infection-clinicalpathway Authors: R Abaya, MD; M Joffe, MD; L Vella, MD; M Dunn, MD; S MacFarland, MD; M Rizzi, MD; K Shekdar, MD; R Bellah, MD; J Lavelle, MD Posted: February 2017, reviewed October 2019 Suggested Readings and Key References Cherry JD Croup N Engl J Med 2008;358(4):384–391 Guldfred LA, Lyhne D, Becker BC Acute epiglottitis: epidemiology, clinical presentation, management, and outcome J Laryngol Otol 2008;122(8):818– 823 Hopkins A, Lahiri T, Salerno R, et al Changing epidemiology of life-threatening upper airway infections: the reemergence of bacterial tracheitis Pediatrics