and schistocytes The urinalysis shows hematuria (dipstick detection of free hemoglobin) and proteinuria In patients with suspected pseudomembranous colitis, stool toxin analysis provides the mainstay of diagnosis Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been shown to have higher sensitivities for toxin A and B than enzyme immunoassay (EIA) Testing for fecal leukocytes is neither sensitive nor specific for inflammatory diarrhea; fecal lactoferrin is a more sensitive marker but not specific for detection of particular pathogens When selected bacterial or parasitic pathogens are strongly suspected, appropriate microbiologic studies should be collected If a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay, is collected, the results should be interpreted in the context the clinical picture as these panels detect DNA and not viable organism