Induced hypothermia should be done at a facility able to provide comprehensive neonatal care, following studied protocols, initiated within hours of birth and continued for 72 hours For infants born at centers unable to provide such care, early identification of potential candidates and consultation with experts is critical Ideally, medical centers skilled in hypothermia management and community hospitals should develop educational programs and procedures for transfer FIGURE 9.19 Left diaphragmatic hernia radiograph Pneumothorax Pneumothorax is a potentially lethal problem in the neonate because it can rapidly progress to a tension pneumothorax It is often the result of PPV, excessive PEEP,