INITIAL STEPS OF NEWBORN RESUSCITATION Thermoregulation Ambient temperature in the ED is typically lower than ideal for a newly born infant whose greater body surface area-to-weight ratio, minimal fat stores, and thinner epidermal and dermal layers make them particularly vulnerable to hypothermia This risk is magnified at lower gestational age and birth weight Hypothermia is associated with increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), respiratory compromise, hypoglycemia, and late-onset sepsis The recommended temperature of newly born nonasphyxiated infants is 36.5° to 37.5°C, axillary Available evidence suggests a dose-dependent increase in mortality for temperatures below 36.5°C, and simple interventions to prevent hypothermia in the first to hours of life have been shown to reduce mortality The gold standard for warming and maintenance of newborn temperature remains radiant warmer and hat use Plastic wrap can be applied to premature infants