participate primarily an educational role Durbin and Fazio reviewed the use and educational value associated with residents on transport If residents or fellows are used in more than an educational role, they must bring a skill set to the transport environment that is additive and complementary to the other team members, and equals or exceeds that of those who could take their place If the resident cannot function as a full member of the team (and has replaced someone who could), reassessment of personnel configurations is indicated In addition to the personnel already described, transport teams usually include drivers or pilots who may have no role in providing patient care, or who may assist the other personnel in a limited fashion Communication specialists and/or communication specialist nurses may be employed as part of the team’s call receipt and dispatch process Finally, all transport teams should have a clearly identified supervisory medical director(s) and appropriate medical control physicians who involved with the supervision of every transport Education and Training Transport teams must ensure that their members, regardless of background and previous education/experience, are competent in all procedural and patient care skills that may be required of them during transport Such extensive training usually includes a didactic component, a skills segment, and rotations through various clinical care areas Important educational considerations are the resources of both time and money available to devote to training and maintaining competencies for team members If clinical training time is limited, the transport team must consider hiring staff already well trained in assessment, advanced skills, and procedures For instance, a neonatal team could hire neonatal advanced practice providers (e.g., nurse practitioners) However, when transport teams not have the opportunity to hire previously trained personnel, those teams need to devote significant time and resources to training team members The amount of time necessary varies with the team’s mission and its customary personnel composition A team with a well-defined scope of practice, such as neonatal transport, could employ experienced neonatal nurses In this circumstance, only those additional skills that are new to the team members need to be added, although competency in all expected cognitive and technical skills need to be assured Likewise, if a team includes a critical care physician, other team members may not need to learn advanced skills such as tracheal intubation However, skill acquisition is only the beginning; rarely used skill competency quickly dissipates, so a process for skill maintenance must be established Furthermore, as in all areas of medical practice, the knowledge base required for Transport Medicine is constantly changing, making continuing medical education