Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 601

Antiviral class Trade name (generic name) Reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors Combivir (lamivudine and zidovudine) Emtriva (emtricitabine, FTC) Epivir (lamivudine, 3TC) Epzicom (abacavir and lamivudine) Retrovir (zidovudine, AZT or ZDV) Trizivir (abacavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine) Truvada (tenofovir and emtricitabine) Videx (didanosine, ddI) Viread (tenofovir, TDF) Zerit (stavudine, d4T) Ziagen (abacavir, ABC) Non-NRTIs Edurant (rilpivirine) Intelence (etravirine) Rescriptor (delavirdine, DLV) Sustiva (efavirenz, EFV) Viramune (nevirapine, NVP) Aptivus (tipranavir, TPV) Crixivan (indinavir, IDV) Invirase (saquinavir, SQV) Kaletra (lopinavir and ritonavir, LPV/RTV) Lexiva (fosamprenavir, FOS-APV) Norvir (ritonavir, RTV) Prezista (darunavir) Reyataz (atazanavir, ATV) Viracept (nelfinavir, NFV) Selzentry (maraviroc) Fuzeon (enfuvirtide) b Isentress (raltegravir) Tivicay (dolutegravir) Vitekta (elvitegravir) Protease inhibitors (PIs) Entry inhibitors Fusion inhibitors Integrase inhibitors a Multiclass combination medications include Atripla (efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir); Complera (emtricitabine, rilpivirine, and tenofovir), Evotaz (atazanavir, cobicistat), Prezcobix (cobicistat, darunavir), Stribilid (elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir), Truvada (tenofovir, emtricitabine) b Administered subcutaneously Antiretroviral drugs currently approved by Food and Drug Administration and marketed in the United States, available online at https://www.fda.gov/forpatients/illness/hivaids/treatment/ucm118915.htm Accessed February 25, 2019 Trade names are listed first, as patients and their families will more commonly recognize these names e-TABLE 94.28 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF DRUGS USED IN TREATING HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION, PREVENTING OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS, AND IN TREATING COMMONLY ACQUIRED INFECTIONS* Adverse effect Drug(s) Dermatitis Abacavir, atovaquone, dapsone, delavirdine, efavirenz, enfuvirtide (nodules at injection site), maraviroc, nevirapine, primaquine, pyrimethamine, raltegravir, ribavirin, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, voriconazole Diarrhea Atovaquone, didanosine, clindamycin, isoniazid (suspension form only, which is sorbitol based), nelfinavir, ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, tenofovir Hepatotoxicity Atovaquone, azithromycin, clarithromycin, darunavir, fluconazole, isoniazid, itraconazole, ketoconazole, pyrazinamide, rifabutin, rifampin, rilpirivine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, voriconazole, most antiretrovirals; hepatic failure can be seen with nevirapine Tenofovir associated with severe lactic acidosis Hypersensitivity Abacavir, delavirdine, dolutegravir, etravirine, all protease reaction inhibitors (atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, tipranavir), rilpiridine Lipodystrophy All protease inhibitors (atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, tipranavir), delavirdine, etravirine, rilpirivine Musculoskeletal All integrase strand transfer inhibitors (dolutegravir, pain enfuvirtide, raltegravir), tenofovir Myelosuppression Amphotericin B, cidofovir, dapsone, enfuvirtide, foscarnet, flucytosine, ganciclovir, hydroxyurea, interferon alpha, linezolid, peginterferon-alpha pyrimethamine, rifabutin, ribavirin, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, trimetrexate, valganciclovir, zidovudine Nephrotoxicity Neuropathy Acyclovir, adefovir, amphotericin B, cidofovir, foscarnet, indinavir, pentamidine, tenofovir Didanosine, isoniazid, linezolid, stavudine, zalcitabine