team members share the responsibility of monitoring the patient and raising concerns about response to treatment, delays in care or potential harm Who Is on a Team? Members of the large ED team include physicians, advanced practice nurses and physician assistants, nurses, physicians in training, nurse assistants, technicians, patient care associates, child life specialists, social workers, respiratory therapists, and numerous consultants It also includes representatives from services lines such as pharmacy, radiology, laboratory medicine, nutrition, supplies, and environmental services The patient and family are also important team members Including them in decision making leads to improved patient/family experiences as well as reported outcomes During an ED visit, the patient and family interact directly with at least seven members of the team If testing, consultation and admission are required, this number can easily grow to >50 individuals For example, patients with acute, severe headache interact with many ED team members and consultants; but they may require emergent MRI imaging This often requires transport of the patient to a location outside of the ED, preparation for safe MRI imaging, and interpretation by a neuroradiologist in a timely way Systems such as these must be organized and coordinated across areas and assure that focus remains on the patient experience aiming to minimize discomfort, delays, and errors Team Core Competencies Five important core components described by Salas et al include team leadership, mutual performance monitoring, backup behavior, adaptability, and team orientation Team members need competencies in cognition including clinical decision making and procedures; social behaviors are also required These social skills include communication and personal behavior skills that support high quality, safe, effective and efficient interprofessional care within the complex healthcare system Five core values of team members include honesty, discipline, creativity, humility, and curiosity Team Leadership