SAP ® AG • Neurottstr. 16 • D-69190 Walldorf 51 010 92 7 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database Release 4.6D SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database SAP AG 2 July 2000 Copyright © Copyright 2000 SAP AG. All rights reserved. No part of this brochure may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. Microsoft ® , WINDOWS ® , NT ® , EXCEL ® , Word ® and SQL Server ® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM ® , DB2 ® , OS/2 ® , DB2/6000 ® , Parallel Sysplex ® , MVS/ESA ® , RS/6000 ® , AIX ® , S/390 ® , AS/400 ® , OS/390 ® , and OS/400 ® are registered trademarks of IBM Corporation. ORACLE ® is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation, California, USA. 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These are words and characters that you enter exactly as they appear in the documentation. File Name File names, batch files, paths or directories, and screen messages <Variable User Entry> Variable user entry. Pointed brackets indicate that you replace these words and characters with appropriate entries. NAME Names of elements in the SAP System. These include report names, program names, transaction codes, table names, and ABAP language elements. KEY Keys on your keyboard. These include function keys (for example, F2) and the ENTER key. Icons Icon Meaning Caution Example Note Recommendation Syntax Tip SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database SAP AG 4 July 2000 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database 10 Part I Standard SAP System Installation 13 1 Installation Planning 17 1.1 System Configuration 17 1.2 Distribution of Components to Disks 19 1.2.1 Recommended Configuration 22 1.2.2 Minimal Configuration 22 1.2.3 SAP File Systems 23 1.2.4 Oracle File Systems 26 1.3 Hardware and Software Requirements Check 28 1.3.1 Checking Requirements for a Central System 30 1.3.2 Checking Requirements for a Standalone DB System 31 1.3.3 Checking Requirements for a Central or Dialog Instance 32 1.3.4 Checking Requirements for AIX 33 1.3.5 Checking Requirements for Compaq Tru64 UNIX 36 1.3.6 Checking Requirements for HP-UX 39 1.3.7 Checking Requirements for Linux 42 1.3.8 Checking Requirements for Reliant (RM300/400/600) 44 1.3.9 Checking Requirements for IBM NUMA-Q 46 1.3.10 Checking Requirements for Solaris 47 2 Installation Preparations 50 2.1 Adapting UNIX Kernel Parameters and Swap Space 51 2.2 Integration of LDAP Directory Services 52 2.2.1 Preparing the Active Directory for SAP 54 2.3 Choosing an SAP System Name 55 2.4 Setting Up File Systems and Raw Devices 56 2.5 Setting Up the Transport Directory 56 2.6 Setting Up an Installation Directory 58 3 The SAP System Installation 59 3.1 Central System Installation 61 3.1.1 SAP Instance Installation for a Central System 62 Mounting the Kernel CD-ROM 63 Running the Shell Script INSTTOOL.SH 63 Customizing the Installation Command File 63 Configuring Tablespaces 64 Starting INSTGUI 64 Setting the Library Path Environment Variable 65 Running R3SETUP for Central System Installation 66 SAP AG SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database July 2000 5 Setting the Password for User <sapsid>adm 68 Creating User for LDAP Directory Access 68 Checking Settings for OS Users (AIX only) 68 3.1.2 Oracle Database Instance Installation 69 Required CD-ROMs for Database Installation 70 Mounting the Kernel CD-ROM 70 Setting the Password for User ora<sapsid> 70 Starting the Script rootpre.sh (AIX only) 71 Oracle DB Software Installation 71 Installing the Oracle DB Software with orainst 72 Installing the Oracle DB Software with runInstaller 74 Creating and Loading the Database with R3SETUP - Central Instance with DB 77 Updating the MNLS Tables 77 Running R3SETUP for RFC Installation 78 3.2 Standalone DB System Installation 79 3.2.1 SAP Instance Installation for a Standalone DB 80 Mounting the Kernel CD-ROM 81 Running the Shell Script INSTTOOL.SH 81 Customizing the Installation Command File 81 Configuring Tablespaces 82 Starting INSTGUI 82 Setting the Library Path Environment Variable 83 Running R3SETUP for Central Instance Installation 84 Setting the Password for User <sapsid>adm 86 Setting the Password for User ora<sapsid> 86 Creating User for LDAP Directory Access 86 Checking Settings for OS Users (AIX only) 86 3.2.2 Oracle Standalone Database Instance Installation 87 Required CD-ROMs for Database Installation 89 Mounting the Kernel CD-ROM 89 Running the Shell Script INSTTOOL.SH 89 Starting INSTGUI 89 Setting the Library Path Environment Variable 90 Running R3SETUP for Database Instance Installation 91 Setting the Password for User <sapsid>adm 91 Setting the Password for User ora<sapsid> 91 Checking Settings for OS Users (AIX only) 92 Starting the Script rootpre.sh (AIX only) 92 Oracle DB Software Installation 92 Installing the Oracle DB Software with orainst 93 Installing the Oracle DB Software with runInstaller 95 Creating and Loading the Database with R3SETUP - Standalone DB 98 Updating the MNLS Tables 98 Running R3SETUP for RFC Installation 99 Enabling Remote Monitoring 99 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database SAP AG 6 July 2000 3.3 Dialog Instance Installation 101 3.3.1 Mounting Directories from the Central Instance 102 3.3.2 Checking the File System for the Client Software 103 3.3.3 Mounting the Kernel CD-ROM 103 3.3.4 Running the Shell Script INSTTOOL.SH 103 3.3.5 Customizing the Installation Command File 103 3.3.6 Starting INSTGUI 104 3.3.7 Setting the Library Path Environment Variable 104 3.3.8 Running R3SETUP for Dialog Instance Installation 105 3.3.9 Setting the Password for User <sapsid>adm 105 3.3.10 Setting the Password for User ora<sapsid> 106 3.3.11 Checking Settings for OS Users (AIX only) 106 3.3.12 Checking the Default Profile 106 3.3.13 Using startsap/stopsap Aliases 106 3.3.14 Activating sapcpe 107 3.4 Gateway Instance Installation 110 3.4.1 Mounting the Presentation CD-ROM 111 3.4.2 Running the Shell Script for a GW Installation 111 3.4.3 Customizing the Installation Command File 111 3.4.4 Starting INSTGUI 111 3.4.5 Setting the Library Path Environment Variable 112 3.4.6 Running R3SETUP for Gateway Instance Installation 112 3.4.7 Setting the Password for User <sapsid>adm 113 3.4.8 Checking Settings for OS Users (AIX only) 113 3.4.9 Configuring the SNA Communication Software 113 3.5 Additional Component Installation 114 3.5.1 Mounting the Presentation CD-ROM 115 3.5.2 Running the Shell Script for Additional Components 115 3.5.3 Starting INSTGUI 115 3.5.4 Running R3SETUP for Additional Component Installation 115 3.5.5 Installing Lotus Script Extension for SAP Systems 116 4 Post-Installation Activities 117 4.1 Starting and Stopping the SAP System 118 4.2 Logging on to the SAP System 120 4.3 Checking SAP System Services 121 4.4 Installing and Using the SAP License 121 4.5 Performing Operating System Adjustments 123 4.6 Performing File and Directory Adjustments 123 4.7 Installing the Online Documentation 123 4.8 Configuring SAProuter and SAPNet - R/3 Frontend 124 4.9 Completing and Checking the Oracle Installation 125 4.10 Performing a Full Backup of the Installation 127 4.11 SAP Internet Solution Installation 128 SAP AG SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database July 2000 7 5 The R3SETUP Tool 129 5.1 INSTGUI 131 5.2 R3SETUP Command Files 133 5.3 R3SETUP Messages 134 5.4 Using R3SETUP Online Help 135 5.5 Continuing an Interrupted Installation 136 5.6 Monitoring a Remote Installation 136 6 Additional Information 138 6.1 Installation Troubleshooting 138 6.1.1 Common Installation Troubleshooting 139 6.1.2 R3SETUP Troubleshooting 139 6.1.3 Database Installation Troubleshooting 140 6.2 Deletion of an SAP System Installation 143 6.2.1 Deleting a Dialog Instance 143 6.2.2 Deleting a Central Instance 145 6.2.3 Adapting the Configuration Description File 146 6.3 Deleting an Oracle Database Installation 147 6.4 Database Modifications for Very Large Databases 148 6.4.1 Configurations for Redo Log I/O 149 6.4.2 Separating Big Tables (Table Striping) 151 6.4.3 Enlarging/Moving the Redo Logs 153 6.4.4 Installing Additional Rollback Segments 154 6.4.5 Enlarging Rollback Segments 155 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database SAP AG 8 July 2000 Part II OS-Dependent Installation Steps on UNIX 156 7 Network Information Service Environment 157 8 Preparations 159 8.1 AIX: Preparing the Installation 159 8.2 ReliantUNIX: Preparing the Installation 159 8.3 IBM NUMA-Q: Preparing the Installation 160 8.4 Solaris: Preparing the Installation 160 9 Mounting a CD-ROM 161 9.1 AIX: Mounting a CD-ROM 161 9.2 Compaq: Mounting a CD-ROM 162 9.3 HP-UX: Mounting a CD-ROM 163 9.4 Linux: Mounting a CD-ROM 164 9.5 ReliantUNIX: Mounting a CD-ROM 164 9.6 IBM NUMA-Q: Mounting a CD-ROM 165 9.7 Solaris: Mounting a CD-ROM 165 10 Checking and Modifying the UNIX Kernel 166 10.1 Compaq: Checking and Modifying the UNIX Kernel 166 10.2 HP-UX: Checking and Modifying the UNIX Kernel 168 10.3 Linux: Checking and Modifying the Linux Kernel 171 10.4 ReliantUNIX: Checking and Modifying the UNIX Kernel 172 10.5 IBM NUMA-Q: Checking System and Kernel Parameters 176 10.6 Solaris: Checking and Modifying the UNIX Kernel 178 11 File Systems, Raw Devices and Swap Space 181 11.1 AIX: Volume Groups, File Systems, Raw Devices, Swap Space 182 11.1.1 AIX: Size of a Logical Partition 182 11.1.2 AIX: Setting up Swap Space 182 11.1.3 AIX: Creating Volume Groups 183 11.1.4 AIX: Setting up File Systems 184 11.1.5 AIX: Setting up Raw Devices 185 11.2 Compaq: File Systems, Raw Devices and Swap Space 186 11.2.1 Compaq: Preparing Hard Disks 186 11.2.2 Compaq: Setting up Swap Space 189 11.2.3 Compaq: Setting up Standard File Systems 190 11.2.4 Compaq: Setting up Advanced File Systems 191 11.2.5 Compaq: Setting up Raw Devices 192 11.3 HP-UX: File Systems, Raw Devices and Swap Space 194 11.3.1 HP-UX: Setting up Swap Space 194 11.3.2 HP-UX: Setting up File Systems using LVM 195 11.3.3 HP-UX: Setting up File Systems using SAM 198 11.3.4 HP-UX: Accessing Raw Devices 199 SAP AG SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database July 2000 9 11.4 Linux: File Systems and Swap Space 200 11.4.1 Linux: Preparing Hard Disks 200 11.4.2 Linux: Setting up Swap Space 200 11.4.3 Linux: Setting up Standard File Systems 201 11.5 ReliantUNIX: File Systems, Raw Devices, Swap Space 202 11.5.1 ReliantUNIX: Setting up Swap Space 202 11.5.2 ReliantUNIX: File System 203 11.5.3 ReliantUNIX: Accessing Raw Devices 206 11.6 IBM NUMA-Q: File Systems, Raw Devices, Swap Space 208 11.6.1 IBM NUMA-Q: Preparing Hard Disks 208 11.6.2 IBM NUMA-Q: Setting up Swap Space 209 11.7 Solaris: File Systems, Raw Devices, Swap Space 210 11.7.1 Solaris: Preparing Hard Disks 210 11.7.2 Solaris: Setting up Swap Space 211 11.7.3 Solaris: Creating File Systems 214 11.7.4 Solaris: Accessing Raw Devices 216 12 Mounting Directories via NFS 217 12.1 AIX: Mounting Directories via NFS 217 12.2 Compaq: Mounting Directories via NFS 219 12.3 HP-UX: Mounting Directories via NFS 220 12.4 Linux: Exporting Directories via NFS 222 12.5 ReliantUNIX: Mounting Directories via NFS 223 12.6 Solaris: Mounting Directories via NFS 224 13 Creating UNIX Groups and Users 226 13.1 AIX: Creating UNIX Groups and Users 226 13.2 Compaq: Creating UNIX Groups and Users 228 13.3 HP-UX: Creating UNIX Groups and Users 229 13.4 Linux: Creating Linux Groups and Users 229 13.5 ReliantUNIX: Creating UNIX Groups and Users 230 13.6 IBM NUMA-Q: Creating UNIX Groups and Users 231 13.7 Solaris: Creating UNIX Groups and Users 231 14 Operating System Dependent Troubleshooting 233 14.1 AIX: Troubleshooting 233 14.2 Compaq: Troubleshooting 233 14.3 HP-UX: Troubleshooting 234 14.4 ReliantUNIX: Troubleshooting 234 14.5 IBM NUMA-Q: Troubleshooting 234 14.6 Solaris: Troubleshooting 234 15 Heterogeneous SAP System Installation 235 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database SAP AG 10 July 2000 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database Purpose This documentation explains how to install the SAP System on a UNIX operating system when your database is Oracle. Throughout this documentation, the term SAP System is the same as SAP Basis System. Also, SAP stands for SAP Basis in terms such as SAP profile or SAP instance. You c an install t he following types of standard SAP Systems: • Central system, in which the centr al ins tance and th e database instance are on the same hos t m achine • Standalone database system, in whic h the centr al ins tance and the database ins tance are on different hos t machines You als o ins tall dialog and gateway ins tances and ad diti onal compone nts . The ins tallation of frontends for the SAP System is described separately in the documentation Installing SAP Frontend Software for PCs. Read the ins tallation not es before beginning the ins tallation. These not es conta in the m ost recent inf ormation r egarding t he ins tallation, as well as corrections to the ins tallatio n documentatio n. Make sure that you have the most recent ver sion of each no te. You can find the SAP Notes by using SAPNet - R/3 Front end. Table of Installation Notes for UNIX - Oracle Note number Title 31 13 05 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX 31 13 08 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX - Oracle Database 31 13 09 SAP Software on UNIX - OS Dependencies 1 50 23 Init ializing t able TCPDB 4 56 19 R/3 with s everal languages or typefaces Integration The doc umentation SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database is delivered in the follo wing formats: [...]... /oracle/ /sapdata3 SAP data /oracle/ /sapdata4 SAP data /oracle/ /sapdata5 SAP data /oracle/ /sapdata6 SAP data 26 See SAP Note 311308 for exact space requirements of each sapdata file system July 2000 SAP AG 1 Installation Planning 1.2 Distribution of Components to Disks The file system $ORACLE_ HOME ( /oracle/ , Oracle 8.1.6: /oracle/ /816_32 or /oracle/ /816_64)... /oracle/ /mirrlogA Mirrored set A of redo logs 55 MB /oracle/ /mirrlogB Mirrored set B of redo logs 45 MB /oracle/ /saparch Backup of redo logs 350 MB /oracle/ /sapreorg Work directory for database administration 1400 MB /oracle/ /sapdata1 SAP data /oracle/ /sapdata2 SAP data Approximately 8 GB of space are required for all SAP data files /oracle/ /sapdata3... feasible configuration As the system configuration fundamentally influences the installation procedure, it is important to have a clear configuration plan before you start the installation There are two basic configuration types: • Central System The Central Instance and Database Instance are installed on a single host Database Server Central Instance July 2000 13 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database. . .SAP AG SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database Formats of the Installation Documentation Format Media PDF (Acrobat) Installation Guides CD-ROM, see the README file in the root directory for more information • Online version of the documentation • Searchable • Suitable for creating additional print-outs Installation Guides CD-ROM, see the README file in the HTML directory for more information... Read the installation notes before beginning the installation These notes contain the most recent information regarding the installation, as well as corrections to the installation documentation See the table of installation notes [10] 1.1 System Configuration The configuration of the system is generally planned well in advance of the installation together with the hardware vendor Configuration planning... Standalone Database System a) Actions on the central instance host: − Run R3SETUP to install the SAP instance b) Actions on the database host: Run R3SETUP for creating and loading of the database July 2000 Run R3SETUP to install the DB instance − Run orainst to install the Oracle database software − − − Run R3SETUP for creating and loading of the database 15 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database. .. large number of transactions per hour (> 100,000) Contact a certified installation organization or a basis consultant if you expect to use a very large database Oracle Parallel Server (OPS) If you are installing Oracle Parallel Server (OPS), refer to the documentation R/3 Installation on UNIX - Oracle Parallel Server 19 1 Installation Planning SAP AG 1.2 Distribution of Components to Disks Process Flow... described in the SAP System installation documentation Improper use of the SAP installation tools can damage files and systems already installed We recommend that SAP System installations only be done by SAP Technical Consultants who are certified for your operating system, your database and the relevant SAP System This documentation only applies if you are installing an Oracle database with an UNIX operating... GUI SAP GUI Typical configuration of an SAP System When planning the configuration of your SAP System, consider the following recommendations: • Install only one SAP System per computer You can install several SAP Systems on the same computer, but, if you upgrade one of them, a new version of the operating system might be required In this case, you cannot run SAP Systems having different releases on. .. Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database SAP AG Log on as user adm and change to the directory /usr /sap/ If your SAPSID is C11, log on as user c11adm and change to the directory /usr /sap/ C11 Change to the directory /UNIX/ If the CD-ROM is mounted on /sapcd1 and your operating system is AIX, change to /sapcd1/UNIX/AIX_32 Constraints Procedures that do not belong to the standard installation . typefaces Integration The doc umentation SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database is delivered in the follo wing formats: SAP AG SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle. 235 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database SAP AG 10 July 2000 SAP Basis Installation on UNIX: Oracle Database Purpose This documentation explains