Flight (DK Visual Dictionaries) EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES Windshield THE VISUAL DICTIONARY of L GH1 Static air pressure plate Radome NOSE OF A BAE 146 JETLINER Elevator , Main crankpin ^~ Inducti[.]
Windshield EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES Static air-pressure plate THE VISUAL DICTIONARY Radome of GH1 L NOSE OF A BAE Elevator , 146 JETLINER Main crankpin ^~ Induction pipe Connecting rod Landing skid Rotating beacon BELL 47G-5B1 HAWKER TEMPEST WING i EY1«NESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES THE VISUAL DICTIONARY of HT Here is an entirely new kind of dictionary — one that is packed with superb illustrations and thousands of aviation terms The VISUAL DICTIONARY vocabulary relating If to different types of flying you know what part of an then turn to the labels aviation term but don't index will direct you Aircraft are depicted "whole" OF FLIGHT will give you instant access machines and aviation technology aircraft looks like but don't around the illustrations If know what it refers to the illustration that and also taken apart to, know its name, you know an then the comprehensive bears the name —or "exploded" —in full-color photographs or illustrations Individual components are identified with carefully researched labels Find out the answers to these questions and When were aircraft many others: powered by Gnomes? What is the difference between a turboprop and a turbofan? How is a helicopter steered? Where on an aircraft would you find a ram scoop? This volume forms part of a series which, like the Dorling Kindersley Eyewitness Books, builds thematically into a comprehensive and exquisitely photographed treasure trove of words and pictures providing high-quality information for readers of to the specialized all ages SAUSALITO PUBLIC LIBRARY 01452 1718 DATE DUE !P¥¥fe _^ NOV MOV UV *» JUL 11 W& I996 4996- ~ 1998 mm S12L o nto Jaaa ^^ SET ;rom iM^ ^ Aim Ql •; [ v WOV - i? ; 1995 fSSo 0E&-1 1995 ji DEC 200^ ZOOS I EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES THE VISUAL DICTIONARY of FLIGHT Tail plane Canopy Starboard wing Wingtip Wing strut Port main landing gear- Venturi Nose gear ARV SUPER MODERN LIGHT AIRCRAFT King post Engine cowl —£ - ! -O Gnome seven-cylinder rotary engine Starboard elevator Tailskid BLACKBURN MONOPLANE, 1912 Quick-release pin "^_| Inspection Air-cooling fins Inlet window manifold Envelope for Safety cable inflation- gas bottle Attachment point W* ESCAPE SLIDE Tail rotor hub s± Blade root Valve-rocker HELICOPTER TAIL ROTOR box cover Front-row cylinder Oil tank SECTIONED ARMSTRONG SIDDELEY TIGER RADIAL ENGINE, 1931 Emergency escape hatch Rotating beacon Variable pitch propeller I Landing gear door LOCKHEED ELECTRA, 1954 entilator exit, EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES THE VISUAL DICTIONARY of FLIGHT Rate-of-turn indicator needle Rate-of-turn scale Angle-of-pitch scale Horizon symbol Ground symbol Own ARTIFICIAL HORIZON FLIGHT INSTIUMFN Starboard rudder , Tail plane Port rudder Sausalito Public Library WC 5 boi nd i\ I Bl i u COI i m w SlNGAPORl Irno Mondadori, Verona 'ii RSI 120° cowl panel Parabolic reflector Contents Radar receiver and transmitter Spinner Balloons and Airships Electronic- Pioneers of Flight component housing Early Monoplanes Systems 10 cabinet Biplanes and Triplanes 12 World War I Aircraft 14 AIRFIELD RADAR, Early Cockpits and Instruments 120° cowl segment ENGINE COWLS OF A LOCKHEED ELECTRA, 1954 Seaplanes and Flying Boats 1953 16 18 Parachute riser Early Passenger Aircraft 20 World War II Aircraft 22 Early Piston Aircraft Engines 24 Modern Piston Aircraft Engines 26 Wings 28 Personal survival pack Backplate Fuselage 30 Spinner Landing Gear Rocket pack 32 Modern Jetliners Modern Cockpits Flanged plate 34 38 MODERN EJECTOR Supersonic Jetliners 40 SEAT Jet Engines 42 Modern Military Aircraft PROPELLER OF A MODERN LIGHT Helicopters 46 AIRCRAFT Helicopter Technology 48 Horseshoe magnet Gliders, Light Aircraft 50 Steering stop 44 Damper unit Hang Gliders, and Ultralights 52 Navigation 54 Safety and Survival 56 Vtol Aircraft Helical drive gear Distributor 58 Index 60 Acknowledgments MAGNETO, 1911 Axle bolt 64 NOSE GEAR OF A MODERN LIGHT AIRCRAFT Balloons and airships MONTGOLFIER RALLOON, fe The FIRST SUSTAINED FLIGHT was made by the French Montgolfier brothers' hot-air balloon in 1783 Their balloon was made of paper, paper air when the disastrous crashes of the British R101 and the German Hindenburg led Varnished, painted envelope of handmade -°&7\ ->f (which provided the lift) was produced by burning straw Later balloons were filled with various lighter-than-air gases (hydrogen, helium, or coal gas) until about 1970, when hot-air balloons again became fashionable In modern hot-air balloons, the air is heated by propane burners carried in the balloon's basket Modern airships may be filled with helium or hot air (hydrogen, used in early airships, is dangerously inflammable) Unlike balloons, airships have some means of propulsion and can be steered Many modern airships also have swiveling propellers to assist with takeoff and landing The first airship was made in Paris, France, in 1852, but the best-known airship maker was the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin, who built his first craft in 1900 Airships made the first intercontinental passenger flights and were a popular form of transport until the 1930s, and the hot 1783 flnnfllW^^V: Painted emblem Strengthened, glued paper ring Supporting cord Pitchfork for fueling fire Opening to fire Gallery for passengers and straw Hot coil to vaporize fuel to a virtual halt in airship production Small airships Stainless steel were used burner frame as convoy escorts in both world wars, and today they are used for surveillance and for aerial Stainless steel carabiner Pilot-light valve lever advertising Sectioned Dip tube (feeds liquid valve) burner Main Float blast- valve lever SECTIONED GAS CYLINDER Pilot-light vapor supply valve Cylinder strap Wicker basket Suede trim Safety valve Burner liquid- fuel supply valve Soft padding Map case Handlingline carrier Grab handle Burner frame anchorage Pilot-light fuel- vapor feed pipe Float gauge Burner liquid- fuel feed connector Padded propane gas cylinder Floor beam HOT-AIR RALLOON RASKET SECTIONED HOT-AIR RALLOON RURNER Basket support cable Navigation AERIAL NAVIGATION aircraft's a given destination the calculation of an is route from DECCA TYPE 424 AIRFIELD RADAR, its 1953 Parabolic reflector point of departure to involves It plotting the aircraft's course (heading) and airspeed, and the speed and direction of the wind (which will blow the aircraft ZERO READER (LANDING AID) off course) The resulting plotted line shows the track, or route, of the journey Early pilots navigated using charts and visual aids such as landmarks; sometimes, they also used sextants to navigate by the stars By 1920, cockpit radios could obtain a fix on an aircraft's position from ground stations or beacons The introduction of radar in the 1940s made it possible to pinpoint the position of aircraft from the ground Today, many small aircraft are still navigated using charts, radio, and simple hand-held instruments Military aircraft and civil airliners are navigated using sophisticated on-board electronic systems, and signals from satellites that can be used to pinpoint an aircraft's position to within a few yards The most advanced cockpits now display all navigational information on Main pedestal bearing Weatherproof systems cabinet electronic screens NAVIGATOR'S CHART Distance scales Access ! It'iliw I «, \ CHOllOMtll door i -\ W — Danger area V * re vST\v \\ \ ; : ftmm.t VHF omni-range (FOR) beacon naniwul Est, f wo ( iMiiuft ""WL—mST^Z 3-1"^/ r ' -, ' y y X » '- / < T \\ - v W-'c,,,,™,, ^\Xô X J::r ã -VX E"* Ground station code and radio frequencies CIRCULAR SLIDE-RULE Air-density correction window yf&-.~ Flight of airway of 7,000 ft (2,130 m) level True airspeed (TAS) scale Airway name ("Amber 47") Minutes scale Hours Airway magnetic scale Conversion scale bearing of 239° between nautical miles and statute miles Compass rose centered on magnetic north Transparent cursor Airspace boundary Air-temperature A ir-co mp ressib ility window correction window ELECTROMECHANICAL FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Rate-of-turn indicator needle Due north (0°) On/off indicator Angle-of-pitch scale 360° in degrees compass rose Horizon symbol Rate-of-turn scale Own Ground aircraft symbol symbol ARTIFICIAL HORIZON Direction of ground-station Own aircraft symbol AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER NAVIGATION DISPLAY RADAR SCREEN DURING FLIGHT OVER WESTERN FRANCE t Groundspeed Heading of 448 knots (830 kph) Rearing of 8° and distance of 93 nautical miles (1 72 True airspeed of 436 knots (807 kph) to km) next waypoint (Limoges) 240 nautical miles (440 km) range ring Chateaudun Cloudy, with mild turbulence Avord and precipitation Amboise 160 nautical miles (290 km) range ring Limoges 80 nautical miles (150 km) range ring Cloudy, with severe turbulence and heavy precipitation Cloudy but calm Radar antenna angle (3° down) Chronometer showing and 25 Wind direction of 2491 minutes seconds Windspeed of 36 knots (67 kph) Future track of aircraft Groundspeed of 252 knots (467 kph) ELECTRONIC FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM True airspeed of 246 knots (456 kph) : Aircraft climbing Autopilot symbol Flight director symbol symbol Wind Heading (course) of 195° direction of 325° Autothrottle Estimated time of arrival (ETA) at next waypoint symbol Windspeed Acceleration arrow Indicated speed of 230 knots (426 kph) Indicator showing angles of pitch and bank Rate of climb of 2,900 ft/min (880 m/min) of 10 knots ' (19 kph) Waypoint Future track Altitude of 5,000 ft (1,520 m) Atmospheric pressure setting Heading (course) of 195' 1013 millibars PRIMARY FLIGHT DISPLAY MODE of Own aircraft Radar antenna symbol angle (4.5° up) ground station (VOR1) First Departure point Second ground (VOR2) station NAVIGATION DISPLAY IN PLAN MODE 55 Safety and survival SlNCE WORLD WAR I, MOST AIRCRAFT have carried various types of safety and survival equipment Among the earliest survival items were fire extinguishers, parachutes, life jackets, and axes for breaking out of enclosed cabins Today, airliners also carry oxygen masks that drop automatically from the cabin roof in Opening/or head s Water-activated beacon FIRST AID KIT emergencies; rapidly inflating rafts for use in emergency landings at sea; and inflatable escape slides to allow safe, fast descent from a grounded aircraft Pilots of military aircraft wear pressurized suits equipped with an oxygen supply for high-altitude flight; the suits may also carry tools, rations, and in hostile environments Combat aircraft weapons Inflation have ejector seats that can shoot flight The and the deployment of the occupant's parachute In addition to personal survival equipment, modern jetliners have various built-in safety features Most mechanical parts are protected by smoke- and flame-detectors that trigger tube seat's its flight Airbott breaks out; as fuel is used, it is displaced in the tanks by non-inflammable inert gas; and every flight control system has a back-up system in case of mechanical or electrical failure In addition, the most modern jetliners and military aircraft use computers to override commands from the pilot that could endanger the aircraft extinguishers inflation tube to aid survival out of an aircraft at any height, even during supersonic computer controls Emergency if fire U.S AIR LIFE JACKET PACKED LIFE JACKET FORCE SURVIVAL JACKET Directional-strobe cover m -^H /HV( Hand-held signal flare/ Signal -*- -ô-**ããô Tourniquet gĐ Whistle mirror Battery-powered emergency strobe Blanket DrinkingKnife with water sharpening stone container (i round- marker panels Magnesium block with sparking insert for starting fires 56 'npicnoN *w VTOL aircraft HOW A HARRIER FLIES The FIRST VTOL (VERTICAL TAKEOFF AND LANDING) aircraft were helicopters For fixed-wing aircraft, VTOL became a realistic possibility when the British aircraft engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce pioneered the "Flying Bedstead" in 1953 This device consisted of simply a wingless four-legged frame with two jet engines pointing downward It made the first ever vertical takeoff using jet-power, Rearward thrust from nozzles development of the British Hawker Siddeley Harrier (later built by British Aerospace) and eventually led to the The Harrier was the first VTOL airplane with sufficient Aircraft thrust forward power vtol (vertical takeoff AND LANDING) and maneuverability to carry out the duties for which it was designed Its single engine is a Rolls-Royce Pegasus turbofan with four nozzles All four nozzles are vectored (rotated) downward for VTOL or hovering, and rearward for high-speed flight In the USA, a different type of VTOL airplane has been pioneered using special tilting rotors This aircraft the Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey has a jet- turbine-powered "proprotor" on each wingtip For — — Downward thrust Thrust varied for vertical and landing, the proprotors are as helicopter rotors; for normal vertical takeoff, hovering, tilted upward and act landing, Explosive cord u SIDE VIEW OF HARRIER GR5 of canopy "Heads-up" data Birdproof wraparound windshield Upper "request identification" antenna display nozzles takeoff, vertical the proprotors are gradually tilted forward to act as conventional propellers flight, pre-ejection from bra and hovering probe stowed position) Inflight- refiie ling (in Port leading-edge root extension Ejector- : seat Auxiliary power unit air intake FRONT VIEW OF HARRIER GR5 Sliding canopy Birdproof wraparound windshield Engine air-intake-duct inner wall Engine air intake lip Fuel tank pylon Anhedral (downwardwing sloping) Intermediate Sidewinder air-to-air missile launcher stores pylon Outrigger landing gear Drop tank (disposable fuel tank) Twin-wheel main landing gear Retractable boarding step Landing Lift-improvement fence light Hydraulically steered nose gear Communications antenna fairing VHF blade antenna Rudder Yaw-control reaction jet Air vent Radome Tail plane Rearward-jamming transmitter antenna Main landing gear *** Outrigger inding gear Low-band radar warming antenna Radar warning antenna looking rearward 59 Autopilot m miiiii 55 Autothrottle symbol 55 Auxiliary air intake Harrier \ 101 aircraft 58 Modern military aircraft 14-45 Auxiliary power unit 41 Auxiliarv power unit air intake 58 Index \n\iliar\ power unit mlel 51 Auxiliary power unit venl 57 \\ ionic ventilation controls 39 w in triplane l\ 12-13 Avro triplane fuselage 51 Air-pressure gauge 16 pump Air ration arrow 55 door s Adaptor plate 19 Advance and retard quadrant 16 Aerodynamic balance 56-37 Aerodynamic fence 59 A-frame incorde 40 Gliders, hang gliders, ultralights 52 cabin 18 Ml cockpit 18 BE 2B wings Ul ventilator inlet 15 Mi u ,i\ name 54 Allison J'lil C20J turboshall propeller Aft Aft rib 29 engine Aileron AR\ light aircraft 50 Ae I components 36 16 Curtiss biplane 8-9 Handler Page Gugnunc 29 Harrier VTOL v\ ing aircraft 59 Hawker Tempest airliner 20 LVGCV1 fighter 13 Schleicher glider 52 Short S23 flying boat 19 aft rib 29 Aileron bearing 29 Aileron cable 29 Aileron control cable LYG CV1 fighter 15 Short S25 Hying boat 19 Aileron control wire 13 Aileron hinge BAe-146 components 56 Handler Page Gugnunc wing 29 Wellington wingframe 28 Aileron hinge strut Aileron mass balance 50 Aileron operating arm 8-9 Micron rod 50 Aileron spar 29 Aileron torque tube 50 Aileron trim tab 19 I ambulance 46 Air Air bottle Mi brake jetliner components 57 Schleicher glider 52 Tornado 15 brake jack 45 Airbus A520 flight deck 58-59 Air \n compressibility correction window l Air conditioning controls 59 Air conditioning duct 41 Air-cooled V8 engine 14 Air cooling baffle 12 Air cooling fan 53 in ooling fins 24 Air-cooling gill 19 Aircraft attachment pin 32 Aircrafl climbing symbol 55 Aircraft serial number 59 Air data probe 44 Air density correction window i radar tiller Ait Bell- 17 helicopter 46 Pegasus Quasar Airframe attai hmeni Airframe mount 18 19 Air impingement starter 12 \u ml, ike 10 ockheed Eleetra airliner 20 I Modern 1 skin 21 ".ii 211 Aneroid capsule Hi Angle-ol attack probe Angle-of-pitcb indicator 55 Angle-of-pitch scale 55 Aniiedral wing 59 I Antenna masl 19 Antenna mount Anti-collision beacon 46-47 A\ bracing w ire 10 triplane 15 Blackburn monoplane Bleriot \1 monoplane II LVG CVJ fighter 15 Anti-lift wire \nii torque tail rotor 47 Anti-vibration engine mount 27 Apex 52 Apex wire 52 Armored seat back 25 Armor-plated seat back 23 Armrest 21 Arm Arm restraint 57 restraint door connector 57 Armstrong Siddeley Tiger cylinder radial engine 24 I I Artificial military aircraft 34-37 I compartment horizon Modern cockpits 58-39 AR\ Super light aircraft 50-51 Ascent scale 16 Astronavigation dome 22 Atmospheric pressure setting Attachment-bracket for wing 50 Bleriot \1 LVG CVI I 47G-5B 146-47 47 G-series mechanical components 48 Bell 206 Jetranger 47 Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprev 58 Bellcrank 48 Bellcrank lever 55 Benz six-cylinder engine Big end 26 Biplane elevator 8-9 Biplanes 12-15 Burner frame Burner frame anchorage Burner liquid-fuel feed connector Burner liquid fuel feed pipe Burner liquid fuel supply air-conditioning duct i i i Blade-root attachment Bell-47 helicopter components 48-49 Helicopters 46-47 Blade tip 49 Blade tip sealing shroud 43 Blanket 56 Blanking plate 27 Blast valve lever lOuis li.u: lo i li monoplane linn AIU lighl aircraft 39 Avro 504N Lynx 16 01 kpii poll access panel 25 ockpil rear belly panel 25 (ockpil starboard access panel 23 Coil spring 16 Coil to vaporize fuel Cold air intake Crossover valve Cross tube 47 Currenl indicator needle 17 Cursor 54 in iiss Glenn Curtiss Model-D Pusher 8-9 Cyclic controls is Cyclic-pitch lever 46-47 ( Cylinder Earlv piston aircraft engines 24 ( Modern 1 > 1 Monosoupapc air duel Gnome rotary engine cylinder 24 Mid West two-stroke engine 26 Cylinder block 25 Cylinder-cooling gills 21 Cylinder head ' Compressor front bearing 42 Concorde 40-41 Connecting rod Earlv piston aircraft engines 24-25 Mid West two-stroke engine Control column Mi outlet 53 Autopilol ( ( I 52 drive splines 48 unit 51 (anger area 54 Decca airfield radar 54 De Havilland variable-pitch BE 2B bombei Curtiss biplane 8-9 Early cockpits and instruments 16-17 Wellington geodetic fuselage Digital distance 51 magnetic indicator 58 Dinghies 56 Dip lube Directional gyroscope AIU latch 51 W I I 51 engine Control-column aperture 51 Control rods and cables 50 onversion scale 54 ( ( ( loolanl inlet 50 ool, ml jacket 26-27 uoiaiii outlet AIU lighl aircraft 50 csi two-stroke engine Mid w 26 buretor hoi air lever 51 joinl 52 I ardan lug 52 ( pin 52 ( aigo and baggage hold 30 ,u go smoke controls 59 argo ventilation controls 59 55 linage drive mil 11 suspension cable artridge starter 22 alenarv w ire "i "i ool, ml pump Direction-finding-antenna lairing 22 Direct v tsion panel ARV 48 opilot's cyclic-pitch lever 18 Copilot's folded seal 51 Copilot's right rudder pedal 59 opilol's lail rotor pedal 48 i ( ore engine I jei pipe BAe-l Hi jetliner 57 light aircraft 51 Bell-47 helicopter 16 III Copilot's collective-pitch lever I Modern cockpits 58 Directional strobe cover 56 in n lion bar 56 26 ooling-lan pullev oiiling Ims 27 and radio AIU hghl aircraft cockpit 39 Bristol cockpit 17 ( ultralight 55 Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 arburetor air intake 19 arburetor hot-air intake pipe 11 light aircraft 51 Control column and flap lever esl Iw in rotor Pegasus Quasar i Damper Damper Schweizer helicopter 47 27 I Dacron skin Schleicher glider 52 Carnage I connection 42 Hawker Tempest components 25 AH\ hghl aircraft 51 Boiled anchor 51 Boll hole 27 I D Survival jacket 56 rose 54-55 propeller 19 Deicing leading edge 56 57 de la Ciena Juan 46 Deperdussin, Annand 10 Descent scale 16 Diagonal bracing Diagonal bracing w ire 28 Diagonal strut Diaphragm 50 Mid Automatic In ake selei tor 59 Automatic direction-findei 55 Automatic direbtion-finding bomber 22 Compression ring 24 Compressor 42 Compressor air-bleed 26 Connector 57 Connector cover 57 Cardan Bomb Compass Carburetor i 26 Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 and instruments 16 aircrafl 50-51 Bell-47 helicopter 46 Harrier VTOL aircraft 58-59 Captain's seat 40 Carabiner ( Cylinder liner 26 Cylinder-retaining nut 25 Cylinder strap Cylinder stud 25 Early cockpits Canopy rail 25 Capping strip 28 ( light aircraft components 49 Mid West two-stroke engine 5(1 lairing 59 ARV light Canopy i ARV Bell-47 helicopter ( valve 55 i Gnome 21 Cylinder barrel Compass piston aircraft engines 26 Cylinder assembly of a Cold-water pipe Collective controls 48 Collective jackshafl 48 Collective lever 46 Collective-pitch horn 49 air-discharge aperture Cardan 52 bombei Combustion cycle 26 ommimicalions antenna Communications antenna strut 14 slrul fairing 14 Cabin-baggage rack 19 Cabin roof-bedding stowage 19 Cabin trim 20-21 Cable attachment hand Cable to starboard aileron 17 Cam box 48 Camera pouch 52 Camouflage 25 Camshaft 25 Camshaft drive 25 ( BE coaming Crop duster 26 Crop sprayer 26, 46 Cross-member 29 I Hi radle Boeing 747 100 54 Bogie 52 211 abane abane lliglil i B 17 canopv 23 canopv framework 51 center belly panel 25 01 kpii door panel 20 ockpil fronl belly panel 23 Cockpit fuel cutoff control 49 ockpil panel Cabin air-pressure discharge i monoplanes mi \l iii.ih 58 air-conditioning mi ike ( Canopy Bell-47 helicopter 46 Lockheed Eleetra airliner 20 Blade root 49 hiiih kpii (old air mill 56 Blackburn Robert 10 Blade bolt 48- 19 Blade counterweight I'.ii -i oi Combustion chamber 42-43 Combustion chamber Blackburn monoplane 10-11 I 51 valve 12 Crankshaft 38 Crew's seat 10 Crew voice recorder controls bulkhead all in kpii ( Bullhorn 57 World War II aircraft 22 Birdproof windshield 44, 58-59 Pioneers of 26 Crankcase breather pipe Crankpin boll 51 nrkpil I 58 Under airliner 21 i ( v components Crew communications controls Cockpit Cockpit Cockpit Cockpit wing root Hi jetliner Earlv piston aircraft engines 24-25 Mid West two-stroke engine 10 Ae-1 Hi jetliner I IS I i Ae 54 Wellington geodetic fuselage fighter 15 mililarv aircraft Schleicher glider 52 Shorl S25 living boal 19 \ inkers \ iking living boat 20 21 Brake pressure indicator 39 Brake torque flange 52 Breather Inn Lockheed Eleetra Crankcase BE 2B bomber 14 III" 56 Bleriot, II deck 39 casing 42 Bearing Radar screen 55 Rotary engine output shaft 27 Bearing assembly Bearing housing 25 Bearing mount 27 Bell Bell Cow burner Earlv piston aircraft engines 24-25 Mid W est two-stroke engine 26 Crankshaft ball bearing 24 Crankshaft bearing cap 25 Crankshaft web Modern airliner in collector ring 19 Cowling fastener 22 Cow ling panel Navigation 54 Beam is Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 Rotary engine output shaft 26 Course 55 Cowling covering exhaust 56 Boll 53 I components Lockheed Eleetra Bogie main landing gear 40 17 jetliner Helicopter technology Clover-leaf member Coal gas Coaming panel 59 Coarse-pitch propeller 19 Cockpit 16-17,58-59 Av ro biplane 15 Hawker Hart fuselage 50 AIU hghl aircraft 50 Disk brake 53 Brake lever 51 Brake manifold 32 Brake mount 50 Brake pipe AIU hghl aircraft 50 npicrs Hi 17 Life jacket 56 Lockheed Eleetra airliner 21 Core jet pipe Counterweight Radar screen 55 Clinometer 16-17 components 15 Clip-in latch for pilot 52 Autogiro 16 antenna monoplane jetliner turret 22 Chine 19 Chin gun turret 22 Airbus A320 flight LVG CVI lighter 15 Macchi M59 seaplane 19 Wright Flyer Bracing wire anchor boll Bracing wire lug 55 Brake caliper 50 Brake disk [elii "Chevenne-tvpe" tail-gun 12 Broad-band communications antenna 59 Bulkhead 51 Bulkhead trim 21 Bulkhead wire 21 BAe-146 ( Chronometer I Bristol lighter 17 Bristol Pegasus iiine-i radial engine 19 lie, Hull Earlj Attachment lug Attachment plate 50 Attachment structure for w ihg in fuselage fait ing 55 Attack radar 44 Audio control panel 58 Autofeather unit 45 I monoplane Bracing truss member Bracing lube 17 Bracing w ire BE 211 landing gear 55 I! BE 2B bomber III" BE 211 landing gear 55 BE 2B tail 15 i able 53 strut 28 Survival ja< kel 56 Batter; box 50 s Bell-47 helicopter 16 Breather pipe Batterj overspill 16 Battery powei ed emei gency strobe 56 landing gear 55 Shorl S23 flying boat 19 Anchor bearing 55 Anti-lift Lockheed Eleetra passenger seal 21 Ae 16 jetliner components Battel i BAe-146 Balloons and airships 6-7 Banking 28 Barometric control 58 Basket support cable Batten Bell 17 helicopter 16 Ammunition-feed blister 25 Anchor BAe-146 jetliner components 54, 19 cockpit 18 Box-shaped lower rudder Turbojet engine 12 Turboprop engine 43 'Air-intake adaptor 25 Air intake box 51 Air-intake pipe 16 14-45 60 Aluminum alloj skin 50 Aluminum cow Aluminum Hush riveted Aluminum frame 16 Aluminum « heel 20 Ammeter 16 Ammunition bell 22 Ammunition box 22 Ammunition Iced 22 BE I' I Bow I Ballast control point Ballast sack 55 ultralight 53 le Backplate 51 Backrest AK\ light aircraft 51 jei tor seat 57 Balance weight 27 Balancing drilling 27 \,i\ igation 55 ".I Airfield Alternator 12 Miii n.ilor mount pad 45 Altimeter Avro cockpit panel 16 Early cockpits and instruments 16-17 Modern cockpits 58-39 Anti-collision strobe light 59 Anti-corrosion paint 55 56 BAe-146 22 Back pad 57 Baggage compartment door 17 Altitude 55 Altitude selector 39 components 23 Lockheed Eleetra Micron B-17G Flying Portress bomber Air Ml spar 57 All spherical bearing 52 I' components I main door 50 main door aperture 57 CM B 34 Bell Jetranger helicopter 17 Air-temperature window Air vent Airbus A52H flight deck 38-59 Harrier VTOL aircraft 59 galley unit 41 airliner 21 AC fighter 15 Axle and sliding lube 52 Axle bearing 53 Axle boll 51 I Ae- 146 jetliner I I Bow Lockheed Eleetra temperature probe Air engines 42 Supersonic jetliners 40 Afterburner nozzle 15 After muffler 55 Aft fairing 37 Jet \fl rack Bunded stringer 50 Schweizer helicopter 47 52 Airspeed selector 58 Air taxi 46 10 Bomb Boom Cayley, Sir George Center-floal seaplanes 18 enter joint 52 enter-line 35, 57 Center-line beam 52 55 Center section strut 18 Center spar 29 Central control console Centrifugal clutch 49 Centrifugal compressor 12 Chain drive 8-9 Chart-holder 59 ( I Bleriot XI Landing gear components I door 22 Avro triplane Curtiss biplane Hawker Hart fuselage 30 t baj 51 bay forward bulkhead 51 Bombers Modern military aircraft 44 World War aircraft 14-15 World War II aircraft 22 23 Avro triplane 12-15 BE 2B landing gear 55 Blackburn monoplane 10 II I Hiinili Bomb Bomb Bracing Bracing Axle Airspeed pilot tube Airspeed scale Ogih ie airspeed indicator 16 Shorl S23 Hying boat 18 Afterburner All Avro Tutor biplane 12-15 Airships 6-7 Airspace boundary 54 Airspeed Airspeed indicator Earlj cockpits and instruments 16-17 Modern cockpits 58-59 Airspeed-indicator lube AIU light aircraft 51 Slide rule door Concorde SCOOP 50 Airship frame All and All Aft ro cockpit panel 16 A\ Bristol cockpit 54 Accessor) drive pad 45 to control bellcrank 29 Access in yaw dampers and rudder trim jack 37 Bombardiers viewing panel 22 I )isk brake Landing gear 55 Lockheed Plectra airliner l)is|iiav management panel Distance scales 51 Distributor 22 Domed topdeck Door 17 Door arm 55 21 58 Door frame Doped fabric I lorsal UU 2B nl 15 Blackburn monoplane io 111 51 Hawker Tempest llii light aircraft 50 Concorde W World War II aircrafl 22 23 Dowel Mule 26 \ Drag Biplanes and biplanes 12 Earlj monoplanes 10 Earl] passenger aircrafl 20 Drag brace 48-49 Drag-brace attachment point I Driven gear 26 Driven reduction-gear wheel Emergency 50 shaft 45 splines 48 electrics controls Emergency escape hatch 20 Emergencj exit 40-41 Emergencj inflation tube 56 Emergencj oxygen bottle 57 teeth 55 Droop-nose hinge Emergem line 57 j \ aircrafl 58-59 I 16 16 ( Hawker Tempest fighter 23 Lockheed Electra airliner oncorde t to Harrier \ TOL aircraft 59 Haw ker empesl Fightei 23 Schweizer helii opter Tornado Engine air-intake-ducl innei t Earlv cockpits and instruments 16-17 Early monoplanes 10-1 Early passenger aircrafl 20-21 Earlv piston aircrafl engines 24-25 Eccentric shaft 27 Eccentric-shad bearing 26 Ejector exhausi _'_» Ejector seat Harrier \ T< IL aircrafl 58 Safety and survival 56 57 Ejector-seat rool batches 15 Electrical control wires 50 Electrical controls 59 Electrical harness 56 Electrical inverter 46 Electrical service compartment wall 59 Engine air intake lip 59 Engine and propeller thrusl frame Engine and warnings data Engine attachment I flangi \vi.i biplane \v jetliner components 57 Bell-47 helicopter t7 Biplanes and biplanes 12-15 Curtiss biplane Early monoplanes 1(1-1 Hawker Tempest components 25 Schleicher glider 52 Schutte-Lanz airship Seaplanes and living boats 18-19 World War I aircraft U right Flyer Elevator arm 51 Elevator chassis bo\ 57 Elevator control cable Avro triplane 13 Avro triplane fuselage 51 U right Flyer Elevator control rod 25 Elevator control wire Bell-47 helicopter 17 Bleriot XI monoplane Curtiss biplane hght aircraft 50-51 in biplane I Engine hunt mount 12- 13 Engine Iron! support link ngine fuel pumps Engine instruments 57 components Fan 12 Fan blade I, lllclse 58 I ibei glass fuel 59 i ighters ill •, military aircraft aircraft 14-15 11 aircraft 22 23 light aircraft 51 1 49 dier 48 Fin UU light aircraft 51 BAe-146 jetliner 57 Bell-47 helicopter components 49 Earl] monoplanes Hawker Tempest components _'_> 10-1 Helicopters 46-47 Lockheed Electra airliner 20-21 Pegasus Quasar ultralight 55 Pioneers of night 8-9 Seaplanes and flying boats 18-19 airship 58 Engine-speed gauge \vro cockpit panel 16 Bristol cockpit 17 Engine support 49 jetliner Blackburt Concorde ootresl noplane in I 17 Bell he , indii depth nil I I i'< i monoplane ro triplane I fin-root antenna fairing 15 Fin tip components 37 Short S23 flying boal 18 Fin tip antenna fairing 45 Fin tip fairing 50 Fin trailing edge 57 Fire extinguisher 5b Fire extinguisher discharge indicator 54 Fire-suppression bottle access panel 41 f orward-flighl linkage 57 fuselage structure galley 40 landing gear 58 main door 54 main door aperture 54 propeller ramp drive 41 Forward Forward forward orward forward Forward Forward forward forward I 29 spar 57 Four-cylinder 12 HP engine Four-wheel bogie 41 Fowler flap 55, 5b rib I G linder Gaskel 25 is turbine 42 Gearbox UU light aircraft 51 Main rotor gearbox 49 Gearbox attachment flange Frame UU Gasbag Gasbag plate S 49 light aircraft 50 Concorde 40 Jetliner fuselage 50 Short S25 flying boat 18 Gearbox bevel drive 42 ( iearbox drive splines Bell-47 helicopter components 48 hoi air exhausi 45 piston aircrafl ,s 26 Wings 28 Helicopter technology t8-49 Helium I gasbag ntenna 22 lehiuii ill i nl radio antennas fairing High-pressure bleed venturi III connector 13 High-pressure compressor 42 High-pressure turbine 12 High velocit) air duct to disperse rain Galler) for electrical and airconditioning system 30 Galler) for passengers and straw I, alley 19 exchanger Modern Win triplane fuselage 51 Schleicher glidei 52 fuselage mid section Fuselage nose ing 31 fuselage IH.se sei linn fuselage skin 12 fuselage skin plate 18 Fuselage spun- fail ing 36 fuselage tail section 57 Fuselage top skin 50 Gangway Helicopters 46-47 t orward bulkhead panel 20 orward door BAe lb jetliner 37 Concorde Forward fairing 57 Forward bring machine gun 15 Forward Might control lever 57 gei exhausi 15 Ileal shield iO aircraft 59 it h.ii ", I VTOL exel le.ii Heat exchanger exhausi duct I t urination lighl strip 59 inner 51 orward attachment bracket For w ing 51 orvt n d beat ing 52 I empesl larriei I Tornado "i I lighl aircraft 51 I 19 uselage bottom skin uselage brai ing w ire \v born 49 servo jack bodj I Haw ker Tempest lighter 23 Head spi.iv ilm 57 "Heads up" data displav 58 Heal exi hanger II Heat exchanger air intake n optei in hi law ker 31 I niiv Bleriot \l nut throttle 53 ore and all pitch s UU vent blanking plati enl pipe components 23 I Tornado 45 World War II aircrafl 22-23 Fin-attachment skin 57 Fin leading-edge attachment 57 light aircraft 51 I •seaplanes and living boats 18-19 Firewall I t variable afterburner nozzle Fuselage 50-51 UU hght aircraft 50 i Fork 51 I \l fighter 15 jetliner i I biplane 8-9 Footstep 30 I I -' t components 20 in iiss ~> ( I uel transfet pot Bi n 57 larness stra Harrier IR5 s 59 Hawker Hart i.iuier 50 Haw ker empesl 22 25 leading 55 lead pad Headrest I < ' I • r.issieed 19 Idler nozzle 53 pv Inn 59 I mi air pressure 17 Hand throttle 53 Hang gliders 52-55 ii ness 12 Harness power retraction unit 57 selector m k 17 top skin 51 uel lighl H ess panel boll uel lighl electrii lead Fuel Is components Schleicher glider 52 Schutte-Lanz airship BAe-146 I kindling line carrier Hand-pumped Harness power retraction unil firing breech 57 Harness quick release luting grummet 28 I Urbus 1320 Qighl deck 38 Fore and Harrier VTOL airi rail 59 Helicopters 47 Lockheed Electra airliner 21 UU ootbrake 53 I I < I I cradle 16 i I I 57 LVG I lyei i i I w heel retaining thread 27 i i ing 28 29 Handling guv gauge uel lank breather pipe 28 uel tank onnei tion 19 Fuel lank in tank Fuel tank Fuel tank Fuel tank in lank wing 20 flush riveted skin 50 I I BAe-146 I i I light aircrafl 50 iim biplane 12 Blackburn monoplane Pegasus (in, is, ii ultralight 53 Engine mount frame 49 Engine mounting 27 Engine mounting plate 26 27 Engine nacelle 19 Engine pylon 54 Engine rear mount Pegasus Quasar ultralight 55 Turboprop engine 45 Engines 24-25 26-27 12-15 valve blanking plate 28 Focker, Inthonj UU Engine mount UU 51 tank 51 \l fighter 15 SI ultralight 52 ( Wrighl bay 51 strut 50 lv fuselage 50 i low splittei 12 Flush riveted aluminum fuselage 17 lush n eied metal-skinned I Handheld gun 22 Handheld signal Mare 5b Handle) Page Gugnunc w 41 fart I Pegasus XL ing boats Flywheel 27 I I LVG I i H Shorl S23 frying boal 19 ss \kniii airship VTOL aircraft 5s 59 \\ ellington w ingframe 29 cylinder I i it turret 11 Gyroscopic gunsighl 25 I Fan duel 12 Fan duct nozzle \>_> engine 19 ibei glass canop) frame Gun I lying lie Isic, id" 58 lying boats ih-19 Earl) passenger aircraft Flying rot tress bomber 22 lying belmel r, 24 -)9 Gunship 46 Helicopters 16 i» ishecd Electra airliner 19 I I Ground symbol 55 Gudgeon pin 25 Gudgeon pin aperture Gun pod \v in triplane 12 Bell- 17 helicopter components 19 I tj instruments 16 start switl lies I I Modern Modern cockpits I n World War World War Engine manual I I UU VTOL aircraft jetliner biplane ml pipe blanking plate 28 Fuel pipe inlet connection 27 Fuel pump 25 uel shut-off valve cable 13 mi sprayer 12 uel sv stem 49 uel tank in iiss I bomb I lighl aircrafl 51 Earl] cot kpits and LSS Akron BAe-146 Bleriot XI monoplane abric lacing 15 abl ii skin Concorde 41 55 Ground-station 54-55 Ground-station code I i I Ground-proximity warningsystem controls 58 Groundspeed Fuel pipe lii.it I Ground handling wheel 46 Ground-mapping radar 44 Ground-marker panels 56 I I 21! tail 15 for front pylon strut 52 I loot anchor 21 Flooi beam Inor nl lew cabin mil roof of 15 Pairing ol landin j geai baj 55 Pairing of landing gear pivol 55 airing panel 57 I \ Elevator hinge BE I I LVGCV1 Fighter 15 ickers \ iking flying boat 18 Elevator dri\e wheel wing vered steel tube fuselage Fabric covering abi 20 light Grommet Turbofan engine !_' Turboprop engine 13 guidani e system control and displaj unil 59 Flight refueling receptacle auge 19 [8 Gravity-feed Tuel tank 15 uel nozzle Hawker ln.it Inn Green starboard navigation Turbofan engine 12 Turboprop engine 43 Concorde iiv Grab I Modern cockpits 58 is engine 24 seven-cylinder rotary engine 10 Gouge-type flap Grab handle uel hose 51 < 51 rotar) Gnome Gnome Find inlet 15 Fuel jet-pump blanking plate 28 Fuel-jettison pipe jettison valve _mi fuel-level gauge 16 uel level indicator 50 Fuel manifold I 51 Glove box 13 i instruments 16 18 steel I Flight-management and I filti Gliders 52-55 Gloster Meteor fighter 11 Fuel gauge 59 neater 15 I I airframe interface connector 42 Electronic flight instruments 55 Electrothermal deicing panel 40 Elevator \RV light aircraft 50 \v ro triplane fuselage 51 sternal light controls 5s uel rator drive asing 2\ '.dor housing 27 Geodetic fuselage 30 Geodetic metal structure I I Gearbox mounl 55 Gearbox mounting plan- id Gearbox oil scavenge lit Gearbox unil 35 Gearcase iu tor 25 i I Seaplanes and I UU ii \,iv igation 54-55 flight level 54 I 19 Engineer's control panel 19 Electronic engine control and I I Blackburn monoplane HI Engine cowl segment 21 Engine cowling ii 26 - I cockpits and ,n lv I I F-14 Tomi al Dghter abric covered aluminum and 59 UU 19 I di Flight instruments lighl aircrafl 51 Engine cooling Ian 49 Engine (doling Ian drive ngine cowl i \irhiis \52tt jetliner 58-59 lighl direi tor symbol 55 I Exhausi stack 15 Exhaust tract 2(i Exhausi valve 24 Allans! valve push-rod Armstrong Siddelej radial engine 24 Blackburn monoplane Hi Explosive cord 58 {tended port air-brake 15 I ,iim deck deck simulator of an Flight Flight ngine baj air cooling scoop Electromechanical flight instruments 55 Electronic engine control 15 53 iking living boat 18 1-15 s \ il empesl Flap Flap Flap Flap Flap Flap Flap level 51 Flap lever detent box 51 Flap seal 55, 56 Flap-shroud structure 29 Flap spat -"i Flap tip 5b Flap torque tube 50 Flap track 55 Flap-track bracket 28 Flap-track fairing 55 57 Flight computers controls 59 Flight-control hydraulic jack 40 Flight-control mixing unit 41 Flight-control rod 47 Flight controls 54 i Concorde 10 Hawker Tempest components 22 Lockheed Electra airliner 21 Pegasus Quasar ultralight 55 Engine cradle 30 Engine crankcase 53 kci ( I I 29 drive-rod 50 drive screw 35 forward rib 29 girder 19 hinge 29 indicator 16-17 displaj 39 21 Electrical wiring harness tJ Electrical wiring loom 50 Electric current scale Electric fuel pump 46 Electric power indicator 17 Electric power socket 4b BAe-146 Macchi \159 seaplane 19 Pegasus Quasar ultralight I unit 12 20-21 World War aircrafl Exhausi pipe flange 27 Exhausi port 2(1 I E biplane 15 oxygen manual ii \ lapafl rib I Bell-47 helicopter 46 I i Dynamic air-pressure head Dynamic air-pressure lube connection 53 diffuser42 fairing 45 manifold BE 2B landing gear 55 \ hi Tornado 15 Wings 28 29 cone 43 oxygen cylinders plate 26-27 ngine aft bulkhead 45 ngine air intake in 2B bomber I lighl aircraft 51 i ki ,01 light aircrafl 51 \v ro 56 l.,i I 1,2 uel and oil lanl uel contents indii ator 35 find cooled oil cooler 15 Fuel crossfeed blanking plate 28 Fuel crossfeed connection 49 fuel cutofl 19 Fuel drip Ira) 27 Find filler and venl Fuel filler cap in iiss biplane Haw ker Hart fuselage 50 uel filler frame 29 t'l Electra airlinei 20 Shorl S23 living boat 19 lectra airliner I -ci components 23 Mid \\ est two-stroke engine 26 Exhaust muffler Pegasus Quasar ultralight 55 Schweizer helicopter 17 Exhausi nozzle 42 Exhaust outlet 19 Exhaust pipe 57 16-17 Dual ignition plug (EEC) UU End H.ii v I Bell-47 helicopter operation lever 57 Emergency oxygen supplv hose World War II aircraft 11 Dual electric power indicator UU (1 components 49 41 Emergem 10 Droop stop 46-47 Drop tank VTOL Lockheed I 31 I lap I 20 38 Drogue gun 57 Drogue withdrawal Droop nose 40 biplane Exhausi Exhaust Exhaust Exhausi Exhaust canopy release ilciei Flanged plate Hawker \v in Concorde 40-41 Northrop B bomber 45 Elevon-jack fairing 40 Elevon power control unit pillar lame I Exhausi collector ring I Elevon handle 44 Emergency door Envelope for inflation gas 55 Short S25 Hying boat 18 Elevator trim iab lever 51 Elevator wire v Firing handle 57 in t aid pad First pilot's scat 21 Fixed gear 27 Fixed swasli plate Escape axe 57 Escape slide 56 57 Estimated time of arrival Hawker Tempest components 23 Emergent < bottle 57 boat 18 I strut Hawker Hart fuselage 30 Landing gear components 52 Drain mast 54, 57 Drinking-water container 56 Drive bracket 15 Drive flange 49 Drive gear 21 Drive gear spline 11 Drive Drive Drive Drive I Hmum iking \ • 30 19 Drag ickers attachment ii i Envelope 6-7 Elevator operating arm Elevator operating bracket Elevator push rod 50-5 Elevator lurking arm Elevator trim tab UU light aircrafl 50 Mid West two stroke engine Ira airliner lei i 20 I 17 belicoptei components 18 -'7 lock spring 52 Lockheed fuel mei ii.iiiisin t'l Engine water ooling Bell ">, Engine throttle and mixture levers Engine, transmission and rotor impellents 23 Elevator jackshafl 18 Elevator link i Double-garter leg restraint Dowel 28 Down i Hindenbut Hinge UU light aircraft 51 B \e -,l g 16 jetliner components 57 Hinge bracket 5fi Hinged joint 50 Hispano Mark v 20-mm cannon 23 Hold 18 Hoop 51 Hoop-frame 51 Horizon symbi Horizontal fin Horizontal stabilize) 17 Horn balance 56, 57 Hours scale 54 Hot-air Hot-air Hot-air Hot-air balloon basket balloon burner deicing duct 56 intake duct to cabin 19 61 Hub ARV engines 42-43 Jet light aircraft 50 Blackburn monoplane 10-11 Helicopter technology 48-49 Pegasus Quasar ultralight 53 Jet ring 35, 56 Hydraulically steered nose gear Hydraulic and electrical harness 32 Hydraulic brake caliper 50 Hydraulic brake connection 52 Hydraulic brake cylinder 55 Hydraulic brake pipe BAe-146 jetliner Jetstream 42 "Jumbo jet" 34 Junction end Junction-gusset 28 Hydraulic connections 28 Hydraulic control pipe 50 Hydraulic ground connections King post Early monoplanes 10-11 Knife 56 hand-pump pipe connection 55 pump Landing gear control handle 59 Landing-gear damper 47 Landing gear door BAe-146 jetliner components 36 Concorde 40 Hawker Tempest components 23 Lockheed Electra Concorde 41 Northrop B-2 bomber 15 Inboard elevon-jack lairing 40 Inboard engine 57 Inboard lift spoilers 55 Inboard plate rib 28 Inboard slat 29 Inboard trim tab 55 I I member Inducer 42 Inflation tube 56 Inflation valve \\ in biplane I engine 24 Bell-47 helicopter components 49 Mid West single-rotor engine 27 Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 26 Inlet tract Inlet valve 24 Inlet valve push-rod 24 Inner frame Inner fuselage frame 51 Inner tube 50 Inspection cover Avro biplane 15 Lockheed Electra airliner I Inspection door 21 Inspection panel 41 Inspection window 57 Instructor's cockpit Avro biplane 15 Hawker Hart fuselage 51 Interplane strut Curliss biplane aircraft It 15 Interplane strut attachment 14 Interrupter gi Invasion stnp< inning four-cylinder yi Maybach engine ME" 262 fighter 22 Metal frame 30 Metal plate anchorage Metal-skinned wing 20 Midships cabin 19 Midships main frame Mid West single rotor engine Mul \\ est tvt ui-rotor engine 27 Mid West two stroke engine 26 Minutes scale I Modern cockpits 58-59 Modern jetliners 54-57 Monoplanes 10-1 Biplanes and biplanes 12 Early passenger aircraft 20 Montgollier balloon Monlgollicr brothers engine 47 I 6, Oil filler door I Oil filler Rolls Roy ee piston Oil pipe Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 Turboprop engine 45 Oil pressure gauge 16-17 Oil pressure regulating valve 43 pump Avro triplane 12 Hawker Tempest components 22 Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 Wright Flyer Main-float strut 19 Mainframe Main-gear door 45 Main landing gear Rhone 9b e 57 rotarj I mi bracing w ire Biplanes and biplanes monoplanes 10 I Pegasus Quasar ultralight 53 World War an rail 14-15 I improvement fence Lift spoili i i i Lockheed Electra airliner 20 Tornado 45 Main landing gear cross-beam 56 Main landing gear door Main landing gear lairing 57 Main landing gear lateral brace u ro biplane leg Blcrioi \l monoplane Concorde Tornado Main landing-gear leg well II Main landing gear radius arm I ' BE2B bomber 51 I Tornado 44 pper rudder I fin Tu-I44 to Tubular steel leg Turbine 42-45 Turbine rotor 42 Turbine support case 45 Turbofan engine cowling 34 \ fuselage 18 ickers Wellington fuselage 29 VIOL i instrument-landing-system antenna 54 VHF omni-range beacon 54 Vickers Viking living boat iew ing hatch 19 Visor 10-41 \ isor jack 10 Voltage indicator needle 17 Voltage scale Voltmeter 39 Vortex generators 59 Harrier Triplanes 12-15 True airspeed scale 54 True groundspeed 55 Trunnion for front spar 35 VHF omni-range and antenna Weapon-bay front bulkhead Weapon-bay rear bulkhead Weather radar 40 light aircraft 50-51 Avro biplane BAe-146 jetliner components 55,56 BE 2B wings 14 Biplanes and triplanes 12 Blackburn monoplane Waypoint 55 17 Bell-47 helicopter 46 Concorde 41 ARV Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 Wright Flyer W ater pipe connector 25 Waterproof stowage box ">5 W ater pump 25 Water pump cover and oil pump housing 27 Water pump housing 27 Water rudder Macchi M59 seaplane 19 Vickers Viking flying boat 18 Water temperature gauge 59 W heel W heel VHF antenna B- 17 I light aircraft 50 Avro triplane 12 BAe-146 jetliner components Bell-47 helicopter 46 Schweizer helicopter 47 Ventilator exit 20-21 Ventral fin 59 Venturi 50 \ erlical speed indicator 58-59 Vertical-speed or flight-path angle selector 59 VTOL aircraft 59 VHF omni-range antenna I I airliner entilator Vertical stabilizer 47 Vertical takeoff and landing 58 Vertical web angle flange 28 Vestibule 18 u components 21 Toilet door 19 Toilets 40 Toilet service connector 34 Top- wing center section 14 Top-wing fairing 51 59 aircraft Concorde 40-41 Bell-47 helicopter I VTOL components Landing gear 52 in w lieel nose gear Concorde 41 Tornado 44 Twin-wheel tail bumper Two-blade propeller Two-seater cockpit 15 56,37 I jetliner Tw I components 19 Lockheed Electra monoplane \ spar 29 Twin carburetors 55 Twin-cylinder engine 55 Twin nose wheel 44 Twin-wheel main landing gear I If ike nacelle 52-53 I'rike unit 53 Throttle linkage 48 Throttle shall 48 Throttle twist-grip 48 Bleriol XI Twin-boomed main inboard Underfill 19 nderlloor air-conditioning duct 40 Underw ing lairing 51 Avro triplane 15 Avro triplane fuselage 31 Bell-47 helicopter 47 Blackburn monoplane deck 58 44 ariable-incidencc gustalleviator 45 engines 26 Triangular-section fuselage Curtiss biplane Throttle lever Variable nozzle 40-41 Variable-pitch aluminum-alloy blade 22 Modern Transmission 49 Transmission drive-pullej cover 47 Transponder 39 Transponder antenna 17 Transverse floor beam 50 Home rot in engine cylinder 24 Rolls-Royce piston engine 25 Variable incidence air intake \ Wings 28-29 Water pipe alve spring LVG CV1 fighter 15 Turning 28 Twin-blade main rotor 47 52-55 Thermostat 27 Thigh guard 57 Three-blade main rotor 47 Three-cylinder Anzani engine \ Curtiss biplane 56 Harrier 55, 56, 57 Tornado 44 Telescopic pipe assembly 57 Telescopic strut 40 Temperature and pressure sensor 42 Terrain-following radar 44 Thermals 52 ARV jetliner Turboprop engines 42-43 Turbulence 55 Tum-and-slip indicator 58-39 Turnbuckle Avro triplane 12 BE 2B landing gear 55 Blackburn monoplane BAe-146 Trailing edge BAe-146 flighl components 55 56 Airbus A320 jetliner Navigation 54-55 Radar screen 55 Track roller 35 Traffic surveillance 46 light BAe-146 Torsional vibration damper Mid West twin-rotor engine 27 Mid West two-stroke engine 26 Tourniquet 56 Towing cleat 19 Towing hook 52 Hawker Hart fuselage 51 Takeoff and landing skid Tandem wings 12 Taxiing Torque link attachment 32 Torquemeter mount 43 Torque shaft 48 Torque tube 29 Torque tube assembly 51 root trailing-edge 19 fillet W right brothers Early piston aircraft engines 24 Modern piston aircraft engines 26 Pioneers of flight 8-9 Wright Flyer Early piston aircraft engines 24 Pioneers of flight 8-9 Wrist pin bearing 24 X,Y,Z Yaw-control reaction jet 59 Yaw vane 58 59 Zeppelin, Count von Ferdinand Zero line 16 Acknowledgments Dorling Kindersley would like Aeromega lo thank the following: Helicopters, Stapleford, for the Bell Jetranger; Aero Shopping, London, for instruments (p 54); Avionics Mobile Services Ltd, Watford, for instruments Roy Barber and John Chapman, RAF Museum, Hendon, for the BE 2B, Gnome cylinder, Hawker Hart trainer, Hawker Tempest, le Rhone engine, and Rolls-Royce Kestrel engine; Mitch Barnes Aviation, London, for instruments (pp 16-17); Mike Beach for the Curtiss-D Pusher; British Caledonian Flight Training Ltd for the Airbus flight deck simulator; Fred Coates, Helitech (Luton) Ltd, Tor the Bell-47 components; Michael Cuttell and CSE Aviation Ltd, Oxford, for the Bell-47 and Schweizer 500; Dowty Aerospace Landing Gear, Gloucester; Guy Hartcup of the Airship Association for advice; Anthony Hooley, Chris Walsh, and David Cord, British Aerospace Regional Aircraft Ltd, for the BAe-146 jetliner, safety equipment, and computer-designed SST; Ken Huntley, Mid \\ est Veto Engines Ltd, for engines (pp 26-27); Imperial War Museum, Duxford, for Concorde; The London Gliding Club, Dunstable, for the Schleicher K25: Musee des Ballons, Calvados, for the statoscope; Noel Penny Turbines Ltd for the turbojet; Andy Pavey, \\ialion Scotland Ltd, for the ARV Super 2; Tony Pavey, Thermal Aircraft Developments, London, for the gas cylinder, balloon basket and burner, and navigator's chart; the Commanding Officer and personnel of RAF St Athan for the Tornado and ejector seat; the Commanding Officer and F Wittering for the Hairier; The Science Museum, London, for fier balloon, Schiitte-Lanz airship, Armstrong Siddcley engine, instruments (p 16), and propeller (p 12); Boss Sharp, The Science Museum, ,ockheed Electra, airfield radar, Handley Page Gugnunc, Shuttleworth Collection lor the Avro Lynx cockpit panel, Avro Tutor, Blackburn monoplane, Bleriot XI, Bristol cockpit (p 55); flying helmet, i 64 LVG CV1, and Wright Flyer; Skysport Engineering for the Bristol fighter wing; Mike Smith for the survival jacket; Solar Wings Ltd, Marlborough, for the Pegasus Quasar ultralight; Julian Temple, Brooklands Museum Trust Ltd, for the Vickers Viking, Vickers Wellington, and Curtiss-D Pusher; Kelvin Wilson, Flying Start, for the Pegasus XL SE ultralight Special thanks to David Learmount for invaluable editorial advice Additional design assistance: Alexandra Brown, Paul Calver, Clare Shedden, Bryn Walls, Ellen Woodward Additional editorial assistance: Nicholas Jackson, Paul Jackson, Mary Lindsay, Bob Ogden, Louise Tucker Additional illustration: Simone End Additional photography: Peter Chadwick, Andy Crawford, Mike Dunning, David Exton, Gary Kevin, Dave King, Dave Rudkin Picture credits: p 19 top left, p 52 top left: Austin Brown and the Aviation Picture Library; p 40 top left: British Aerospace (Commercial Aircraft) Ltd; pp 42-43 bottom, p 43 top: Pratt & Whitney Canada; p 55 centre: the Quadrant Picture Library EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES A SERIES TO COLLECT i II I \ IS VI I I DICTION ARY EVERYDAY THING,S 1 II I \ S I \ I I k DM riON ARYo/fi T HUMAN! BODY c) rt %, 1&* * THE ISL U DICTIONARY S THE DICTION A \ o/ PLANTS I V L \ R THE NISI A DICTIONARY I I A U IBQ MILITARY CARS*** tT o/ UNIFORMS ! EYEWITNESS VISUAL EYEWITNESS VISUAL EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES DICTIONARIES DICTIONARIES are organized thematically introduce the special language of a wide are a completely new kind of reference that will appeal to the A picture whole will family to build into a major home reference source always explain a subject more clearly than words Now available THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF EVERYDAY THINGS THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF THE HUMAN RODY THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF SHIPS AND SAILING THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF ANIMALS THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF PLANTS THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF CARS THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF MILITARY UNIFORMS THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF RUILDINGS THE VISUAL DICTIONARY OF FLIGHT M range of subjects informative way in a clear and THE VISUAL DICTIONARY of Eg Come and explore FLIGHT from the inside out! This visual dictionary looks at the inner workings of planes and other flying machines of all kinds, including airships, helicopters, early biplanes, Open modern jetliners, ultralights, and much more these pages and find: Over 200 outstanding original photographs and graphic illustrations • Exploded views and cutaway photographs that reveal even the tiniest details of aircraft • A fascinating new kind of dictionary that can be used by the entire family • Concise text and carefully researched definitions that are user-friendly for people of all ages Instant access to a 3,000-word specialist vocabulary EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES are the ultimate finder's guides to the discover, and tiniest intricate naming of the parts See, learn, identify all the parts of all the things in the world around you From the cogs of machines to the smallest cells of living creatures, the most workings of everything are revealed and labeled in full-color clarity OTHER TITLES IN THIS SERIES: Everyday Things Human Body Ships and Sailing • • Animals • Plants • Cars • Military Uniforms • Buildings ISBN 1-56458-101-2 51 495> DORLING KINDERSLEY, INC NEW YORK '78156V581013 ... EY1«NESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES THE VISUAL DICTIONARY of HT Here is an entirely new kind of dictionary — one that is packed with superb illustrations and thousands of aviation terms The VISUAL DICTIONARY. .. EYEWITNESS VISUAL DICTIONARIES THE VISUAL DICTIONARY of FLIGHT Rate -of- turn indicator needle Rate -of- turn scale Angle -of- pitch scale Horizon symbol Ground symbol Own ARTIFICIAL HORIZON FLIGHT INSTIUMFN... written permission of the copyright owner Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data visual dictionary of flight — 1st American — (The Eyewitness visual dictionaries) The Eyewitness p cm