WHY NOT PREEMPT? Security, Law, Norms and Anticipatory Military Activities pptx

[...]... and where it has and has not been applied Finally, Chapter 9 presents the conclusions and implications of the study Chapter 2 What are Anticipatory Military Activities? Before discussing the conditions that influence states’ decisions vis-à-vis the use of anticipatory military activities, it is necessary to establish exactly what is an anticipatory military activity.” Traditionally, anticipatory military. .. and preventive, as well as anticipatory military activities will be used, as appropriate, in this chapter Combining preemption and prevention into anticipatory military activities does not imply that there are no differences or distinctions between the two actions Rather, by focusing on anticipatory military actions designed to deal with imminent threats and anticipatory military actions designed... seems to be a clear division between what types of anticipatory military activities are permissible and what types are not The imminence requirement once again proves to be the most salient in terms of distinguishing legitimate from illegitimate anticipatory military activities In a similar vein to that found in international law, anticipatory military activities designed to counter an imminent threat... on its use Anticipatory military activities, predicated on the idea of self-defense, however, do not fit neatly into the rubric of modern international law The question seems simple enough: are anticipatory military activities permitted under international law? There is not a clear cut or simple answer, however While there is substantial disagreement on the legality of anticipatory military activities, ... international crisis In this respect, the term anticipatory military activities includes the traditional concepts of both preemption and prevention Additionally, it is important to stress that anticipatory military activities are limited to actions that take place within the context of an international crisis In this respect, anticipatory military activities do not include the proverbial “bolt out of the... to note that this work does not seek to examine the 2002 NSS in depth, but rather one of the foundational concepts of the Bush Doctrine, namely anticipatory military activities The Bush Doctrine, as well as the related issues of the impact of international terrorism on international law, the just war tradition, and anticipatory military activities, are discussed in Chapter 8 9 Alfred Vagts, Defense and. .. use/non-use of anticipatory military activities. 6 It is important to note that many of these concepts are related and closely linked to each other, and sometimes operate in conjunction with each other They are discussed individually, however, due to the fact that they each offer a potential explanation (or at least a partial explanation) for why states do or do not use anticipatory military activities. .. respect, anticipatory military activities do not include the proverbial “bolt out of the blue,” but, instead, are intended to deal with a particular, and identified, threat posed by another actor Specifically, two different types of threats will be studied The first type of threat is defined by ICB as “non-violent military, ” which includes activities such as troop mobilizations and deployments and is used... 2004) 10 Why Not Preempt? of opportunity” or shifting power differentials between states The third group defines preemptive and preventive military activities specifically within the context of nuclear weapons or weapons of mass destruction Finally, the fourth group includes the idea of regime change within the conceptualization of preemptive and preventive military activities These groupings are not mutually... the possible use of anticipatory military activities It is this policy of anticipatory military activities that is the focus of inquiry.8 The NSS focused American strategic policy around the (potential) use of such activities, specifically of preemptive or preventive military activity—particularly as a counterproliferation tool While the concepts of preemption and prevention are not new strategies, . Necessity, Law, and Norms I: Anticipatory Military Activities and Imminent Threats 101 7 Strategic Necessity, Law, and Norms II: Anticipatory Military Activities. Rachel. Why not preempt? : security, law, norms and anticipatory military activities / by Rachel Bzostek. p. cm. (Justice, international law and global