Financial accounting IFRS 4th

lOMoARcPSD|5814602 lOMoARcPSD|5814602 lOMoARcPSD|5814602 Financial Accounting with International Financial Reporting Standards Fourth Edition JERRY J WEYGANDT PhD, CPA University of Wisconsin—Madison Madison, Wisconsin PAUL D K IM M EL PhD, C PA University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee Milwaukee, Wisconsin DONALD E KIESO PhD, CPA Northern Illinois University DeKalb, Illinois lOMoARcPSD|5814602 DEDICATED TO Our wives, Enid, Merlynn, and Donna, for their love, support, and encouragement DIRECTOR ACQUISITIONS EDITOR LEAD PRODUCT DESIGNER PRODUCT DESIGNER EDITORIAL SUPERVISOR EDITORIAL ASSOCIATE EDITORIAL ASSISTANT SENIOR CONTENT MANAGER SENIOR PRODUCTION EDITOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR PHOTO EDITOR COVER IMAGE Michael McDonald Zoe Craig Ed Brislin Lindsey Myers Terry Ann Tatro Margaret Thompson Alyce Pellegrino Dorothy Sinclair Elena Saccaro Wendy Lai Mary Ann Price © Teodulo Vida/EyeEm/Getty Images This book was set in Stix Regular by Aptara®, Inc Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc has been a valued source of knowledge and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations Our company is built on a foundation of principles that include responsibility to the communities we serve and where we live and work In 2008, we launched a Corporate Citizenship Initiative, a global effort to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges we face in our business Among the issues we are addressing are carbon impact, paper specifications and procurement, ethical conduct within our business and among our vendors, and community and charitable support For more information, please visit our website: www.wiley.com/go/citizenship Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201)748-6011, fax (201)748-6008, website http://www.wiley.com/ go/permissions ISBN-13: 978-1-119-50340-8 The inside back cover will contain printing identification and country of origin if omitted from this page In addition, if the ISBN on the back cover differs from the ISBN on this page, the one on the back cover is correct Printed in Singapore by Markono Print Media Pte Ltd 10 lOMoARcPSD|5814602 Brief Contents Accounting in Action 1-1 The Recording Process 2-1 Adjusting the Accounts 3-1 Completing the Accounting Cycle 4-1 Accounting for Merchandise Operations 5-1 Inventories 6-1 Fraud, Internal Control, and Cash 7-1 Accounting for Receivables 8-1 Plant Assets, Natural Resources, and Intangible Assets 9-1 10 Current Liabilities 10-1 11 Non-Current Liabilities 11-1 12 Corporations: Organization, Share Transactions, and Equity 12-1 13 Investments 13-1 14 Statement of Cash Flows 14-1 15 Financial Analysis: The Big Picture 15-1 APPE N D I C E S A Specimen Financial Statements: TSMC, Ltd A-1 B Specimen Financial Statements: Nestlé SA B-1 C Specimen Financial Statements: Delfi Limited C-1 D Specimen Financial Statements: Apple Inc D-1 E Time Value of Money F Accounting for Partnerships F-1 G Subsidiary Ledgers and Special Journals G-1 E-1 CO M PANY INDE X / S UBJ E CT IND E X I-1 iii lOMoARcPSD|5814602 From the Authors Dear Student, WHY THIS TEXT? Your instructor has chosen this text for you because of the authors’ trusted reputation The authors have worked hard to write a text that is engaging, timely, and accurate W H Y T H I S C O U R S E? Remember your biology course in high school? Did you have one of those “invisible man” HOW TO SUCCEED? We’ve asked many students and many models (or maybe something more high-tech than that) that instructors whether there is a secret for success in this course gave you the opportunity to look “inside” the human body? The nearly unanimous answer turns out to be not much of a This accounting course offers something similar To undersecret: “Do the homework.” This is one stand a business, you have to course where doing is learning The more understand the financial in“Whether you are looking at a large multinatime you spend on the homework assignsides of a business organizational company like Samsung or adidas or ments—using the various tools that this tion A financial accounting a single-owner software consulting business text provides—the more likely you are to course will help you underor coffee shop, knowing the fundamentals of learn the essential concepts, techniques, stand the essential financial financial accounting will help you understand and methods of accounting Besides the components of businesses what is happening.” text itself, the book’s companion website Whether you are looking at a also offers various support resources large multinational company like Samsung or adidas or a single-owner software consultGood luck in this course We hope you enjoy the experience ing business or coffee shop, knowing the fundamentals of and that you put to good use throughout a lifetime of success financial accounting will help you understand what is hapthe knowledge you obtain in this course We are sure you will pening As an employee, a manager, an investor, a business not be disappointed owner, or a director of your own personal finances—any of which roles you will have at some point in your life—you Jerry J Weygandt will make better decisions for having taken this course Paul D Kimmel Donald E Kieso iv lOMoARcPSD|5814602 Author Commitment Jerry Weygandt Paul Kimmel Don Kieso J ER RY J W EYGA N D T , P h D, PAU L D K I M M E L , PhD, CPA, received his bachelor’s degree from the University of Minnesota and his doctorate in accounting from the University of Wisconsin He teaches at the University of Wisconsin— Milwaukee and Madison, and has public accounting experience with Deloitte & Touche (Minneapolis) He was the recipient of the UWM School of Business Advisory Council Teaching Award, the Reggie Taite Excellence in Teaching Award and a three-time winner of the Outstanding Teaching Assistant Award at the University of Wisconsin He is also a recipient of the Elijah Watts Sells Award for Honorary Distinction for his results on the CPA exam He is a member of the American Accounting Association and the Institute of Management Accountants and has published articles in The Accounting Review, Accounting Horizons, Advances in Management Accounting, Managerial Finance, Issues in Accounting Education, Journal of Accounting Education, as well as other journals His research interests include accounting for financial instruments and innovation in accounting education He has published papers and given numerous talks on incorporating critical thinking into accounting education, and helped prepare a catalog of critical thinking resources for the Federated Schools of Accountancy DONALD E KIESO, PhD, CPA, C PA , is Arthur Andersen Alumni Emeritus Professor of Accounting at the University of Wisconsin—Madison He holds a Ph.D in accounting from the University of Illinois Articles by Professor Weygandt have appeared in The Accounting Review, Journal of Accounting Research, Accounting Horizons, Journal of Accountancy, and other academic and professional journals These articles have examined such financial reporting issues as accounting for price-level adjustments, pensions, convertible securities, stock option contracts, and interim reports Professor Weygandt is author of other accounting and financial reporting books and is a member of the American Accounting Association, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Wisconsin Society of Certified Public Accountants He has served on numerous committees of the American Accounting Association and as a member of the editorial board of The Accounting Review; he also has served as President and Secretary-Treasurer of the American Accounting Association In addition, he has been actively involved with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and has been a member of the Accounting Standards Executive Committee (AcSEC) of that organization He has served on the FASB task force that examined the reporting issues related to accounting for income taxes and served as a trustee of the Financial Accounting Foundation Professor Weygandt has received the Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching and the Beta Gamma Sigma Dean’s Teaching Award He is on the board of directors of Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute—Naples and also on the board of Artis— Naples He is the recipient of the Wisconsin Institute of CPA’s Outstanding Educator’s Award and the Lifetime Achievement Award In 2001 he received the American Accounting Association’s Outstanding Educator Award received his bachelor’s degree from Aurora University and his doctorate in accounting from the University of Illinois He has served as chairman of the Department of Accountancy and is currently the KPMG Emeritus Professor of Accountancy at Northern Illinois University He has public accounting experience with Price Waterhouse & Co (San Francisco and Chicago) and Arthur Andersen & Co (Chicago) and research experience with the Research Division of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (New York) He has done post doctorate work as a Visiting Scholar at the University of California at Berkeley and is a recipient of NIU’s Teaching Excellence Award and four Golden Apple Teaching Awards Professor Kieso is the author of other accounting and business books and is a member of the American Accounting Association, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Illinois CPA Society He has served as a member of the Board of Directors of the Illinois CPA Society, then AACSB’s Accounting Accreditation Committees, the State of Illinois Comptroller’s Commission, as Secretary-Treasurer of the Federation of Schools of Accountancy, and as SecretaryTreasurer of the American Accounting Association Professor Kieso is currently serving on the Board of Trustees and Executive Committee of Aurora University, as a member of the Board of Directors of Kishwaukee Community Hospital, and as Treasurer and Director of Valley West Community Hospital From 1989 to 1993 he served as a charter member of the national Accounting Education Change Commission He is the recipient of the Outstanding Accounting Educator Award from the Illinois CPA Society, the FSA’s Joseph A Silvoso Award of Merit, the NIU Foundation’s Humanitarian Award for Service to Higher Education, a Distinguished Service Award from the Illinois CPA Society, and in 2003 an honorary doctorate from Aurora University v lOMoARcPSD|5814602 Hallmark Features Financial Accounting provides a simple and practical introduction to the fundamentals of financial accounting It explains the concepts you need to know This edition continues this approach by offering even more explanations, illustrations, and homework problems to help students get a firm understanding of the accounting cycle DO IT! Exercises DO IT! Exercises in the body of the text prompt students to stop and review key concepts They outline the Action Plan necessary to complete the exercise as well as show a detailed solution DO IT! ACTION PLAN • Close revenue and expense accounts to Income Summary • Close Income Summary to Retained Earnings • Close Dividends to Retained Earnings Closing Entries Hancock Heating has the following balances in selected accounts of its adjusted trial balance Accounts Payable €27,000 Service Revenue 98,000 Rent Expense 22,000 Salaries and Wages Expense 51,000 €15,000 42,000 38,000 7,000 Dividends Share Capital—Ordinary Accounts Receivable Supplies Expense Prepare the closing entries at December 31 Solution Dec 31 31 Service Revenue Income Summary (To close revenue account to Income Summary) 98,000 Income Summary Salaries and Wages Expense Rent Expense Supplies Expense (To close expense accounts to Income Summary) 80,000 98,000 51,000 22,000 7,000 Review and Practice Each chapter concludes with a Review and Practice section which includes a review of learning objectives, key terms glossary, practice multiple-choice questions with annotated solutions, practice brief exercises with solutions, practice exercises with solutions, and a practice problem with a solution Practice Brief Exercises Prepare the current assets section of a statement of financial position (LO 4) The statement of financial position debit column of the worksheet for Soon Cosmetics includes the following accounts (amounts in thousands): Accounts Receivable W25,000, Prepaid Insurance W7,000, Cash W8,000, Supplies W11,000, and Inventory W14,000 Prepare the current assets section of the statement of financial position, listing the accounts in proper sequence Solution Soon Cosmetics Statement of Financial Position (partial) Current assets Prepaid insurance Supplies Inventory Accounts receivable Cash Total current assets vi W 7,000 11,000 14,000 25,000 8,000 W65,000 lOMoARcPSD|5814602 Hallmark Features Infographic Learning Over half of the text is visual, providing students alternative ways of learning about accounting In addition, a new interior design promotes accessibility ILLUSTRATION 2.1 Title of Account Basic form of account Left or debit side Right or credit side Real-World Decision-Making Real-world examples that illustrate interesting situations in companies and how accounting information is used are integrated throughout the text, such as in the opening Feature Story as well as the Insight boxes People, Planet, and Profit Insight Nestlé SA Creating Value Appendix B contains the financial statements of Nestlé SA (CHE) Those financial statements report on the company’s profitability and financial position In addition to these financial statements, Nestlé, like many other companies today, also reports its achievements with regard to other, non-financial goals In Nestlé’s case, it calls these goals “Creating Shared Simon Rawles/Alamy Value.” Nestlé has set objectives to help society in areas most directly related to its particular expertise: nutrition, water and environmental sustainability, and rural development The company evaluates its progress in each area using objective measures Examples of measures used are provided below Nutrition: Products meeting or exceeding Nutritional Foundation profiling criteria (as percentage of total sales) and products with increase in nutritious ingredients or essential nutrients Water and Environmental Sustainability: Quality of water discharged (average mg COD/I) and packaging weight reduction (tonnes) Rural Development: Farmers trained through capacity-building programs and suppliers audited for food safety, quality, and processing To learn more about Nestlé’s efforts to create shared value, go to the company’s website What are some implications of Nestlé’s decision to measure its results using objective measures and then publicly report these results? (Go to the book’s companion website for this answer and additional questions.) Additional Guidance Throughout the text, marginal notes, such as Helpful Hints, Alternative Terminology, and Ethics Notes, are provided as additional guidance Correcting Entries—An Avoidable Step Unfortunately, errors may occur in the recording process Companies should correct errors, as soon as they discover them, by journalizing and posting correcting entries If the accounting records are free of errors, no correcting entries are needed You should recognize several differences between correcting entries and adjusting entries First, adjusting entries are an integral part of the accounting cycle Correcting entries, on the other hand, are unnecessary if the records are error-free Second, companies journalize and post adjustments only at the end of an accounting period In contrast, companies make correcting entries whenever they discover an error (see Ethics Note) Finally, adjusting entries always affect at least one statement of financial position account and one income statement account In ETHICS NOTE When companies find errors in previously released income statements, they restate those numbers vii lOMoARcPSD|5814602 Contents Accounting in Action Knowing the Numbers 1-1 Accounting Activities and Users 1-3 Three Activities 1-3 Who Uses Accounting Data 1-4 The Building Blocks of Accounting 1-6 Ethics in Financial Reporting 1-6 Accounting Standards 1-7 Measurement Principles 1-8 Assumptions 1-8 The Accounting Equation 1-10 Assets 1-11 Liabilities 1-11 Equity 1-11 Analyzing Business Transactions 1-13 Accounting Transactions 1-13 Transaction Analysis 1-14 Summary of Transactions 1-19 Financial Statements 1-20 Income Statement 1-22 Retained Earnings Statement 1-22 Statement of Financial Position 1-22 Statement of Cash Flows 1-23 Comprehensive Income Statement 1-23 Appendix 1A: Career Opportunities in Accounting Public Accounting 1-25 Private Accounting 1-26 Governmental Accounting 1-26 Forensic Accounting 1-26 A Look at U.S GAAP 1-46 The Recording Process Accidents Happen: Bank of Taiwan 2-1 Accounts, Debits, and Credits 2-2 The Account 2-2 Debits and Credits 2-3 Equity Relationships 2-6 Summary of Debit/Credit Rules 2-6 The Journal 2-7 The Recording Process 2-7 The Journal 2-8 The Ledger and Posting 2-10 The Ledger 2-10 Posting 2-12 Chart of Accounts 2-13 The Recording Process Illustrated 2-13 viii Summary Illustration of Journalizing and Posting The Trial Balance 2-21 Limitations of a Trial Balance 2-22 Locating Errors 2-22 Currency Signs and Underlining 2-22 A Look at U.S GAAP 2-46 1-1 2-1 Adjusting the Accounts 1-25 2-19 3-1 What Was Your Profit?: Cadbury 3-1 Accrual-Basis Accounting and Adjusting Entries 3-2 Fiscal and Calendar Years 3-3 Accrual- versus Cash-Basis Accounting 3-3 Recognizing Revenues and Expenses 3-3 The Need for Adjusting Entries 3-5 Types of Adjusting Entries 3-5 Adjusting Entries for Deferrals 3-6 Prepaid Expenses 3-6 Unearned Revenues 3-10 Adjusting Entries for Accruals 3-13 Accrued Revenues 3-13 Accrued Expenses 3-14 Summary of Basic Relationships 3-17 Adjusted Trial Balance and Financial Statements 3-20 Preparing the Adjusted Trial Balance 3-21 Preparing Financial Statements 3-21 Appendix 3A: Alternative Treatment of Deferrals 3-24 Prepaid Expenses 3-25 Unearned Revenues 3-26 Summary of Additional Adjustment Relationships 3-27 Appendix 3B: Financial Reporting Concepts 3-28 Qualities of Useful Information 3-28 Assumptions in Financial Reporting 3-28 Principles in Financial Reporting 3-29 Cost Constraint 3-30 A Look at U.S GAAP 3-56 Completing the Accounting Cycle 4-1 Speaking the Same Language: IASB 4-1 The Worksheet 4-3 Steps in Preparing a Worksheet 4-3 Preparing Financial Statements from a Worksheet 4-10 Preparing Adjusting Entries from a Worksheet 4-11 Closing the Books 4-11 Preparing Closing Entries 4-12  1SZIQIRXSJXVIEWYV]WLEVIW h  h h   h  h  )UYMX]GSQTIRWEXMSRTPERW h  h h   'LERKIWMRRSRGSRXVSPPMRKMRXIVIWXW h h h h   6IHYGXMSRMRWLEVIGETMXEP E   h h  8SXEPXVERWEGXMSRW[MXLS[RIVW   h h   3XLIVQSZIQIRXW h h h    ... factual (p 1-8) Financial accounting The field of accounting that provides economic and financial information for investors, creditors, and other external users (p 1-5) Financial Accounting Standards... Contents Accounting in Action Knowing the Numbers 1-1 Accounting Activities and Users 1-3 Three Activities 1-3 Who Uses Accounting Data 1-4 The Building Blocks of Accounting 1-6 Ethics in Financial. .. Statement 1-23 Appendix 1A: Career Opportunities in Accounting Public Accounting 1-25 Private Accounting 1-26 Governmental Accounting 1-26 Forensic Accounting 1-26 A Look at U.S GAAP 1-46 The Recording