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Sacred Plants of India PDFDrive com Nanditha Krishna M Amirthalingam SACRED PLANTS OF IND IA Contents Foreword Author’s Note PART I Introduction In the Beginning Tree Worship in the Vedas Tree Worsh.

Nanditha Krishna & M Amirthalingam SACRED PLANTS OF INDIA Contents Foreword Author’s Note PART I Introduction In the Beginning … Tree Worship in the Vedas Tree Worship in the Epics, Puranas, Jainism, and Buddhism The Woman and the Tree Special Trees Sacred Groves Tree Worship outside India Conclusion PART II Alexandrian Laurel Ashoka Bamboo Banyan Baobab Bengal Quince Bermuda Grass Betel Vine Bile Killer Bombay Atalantia Bottle Flower Tree Butterfly Pea Cannonball Castor Oil Plant Champaka Clearing Nut Tree Cluster Fig Coconut Common Bur-Flower Cotton-Wool Grass Crape Jasmine Cus-cus Custard Apple Cutch Tree Deodar Downy Jasmine Flame of the Forest Gingelly Grapevine Green Gram Hiptage Indian Beech Indian Butter Tree Indian Cadapa Indian Cherry Indian Gooseberry Indian Jujube Indian Laburnum Indian Laurel Fig Indian Lavender Indian Lotus Indian Mesquite Indian Medaller Indian Persimmon Indian Siris Indian Blue Water Lily Ink-Nut/Chebulic Myrobalan Jackfruit Javanese Wool Plant Krishna’s Butter Cup Lemon Lucky Bean Mango Mangrove (Blinding Tree) Marigold Mountain Ebony Needle Flower Jasmine Neem Night Jasmine Palmyra Palm Pipal Plantain Pomegranate Prickly Chaff Flower Rice Sacred Basil Sal Sandalwood Sand Paper Screw Pine Shoe-Flower Soma Steaved Tree Sugarcane Swallow Wort Sweet-Scented Oleander Tamarind Trumpet Flower Turmeric Tuscan Jasmine White Marudh Wood Apple Wooden Beggar-Bead Footnotes Tree Worship in the Epics, Puranas, Jainism, and Buddhism Conclusion Banyan Bottle Flower Tree Hiptage Mango Pomegranate Sacred Basil Plant Names in Indian Languages References Select Bibliography PENGUIN BOOKS SACRED PLANTS OF INDIA Nanditha Krishna is a historian, environmentalist, and writer based in Chennai A PhD in ancient Indian culture, she is the director of the C.P Ramaswami Aiyar Foundation and C.P.R Environmental Education Centre She has pioneered the documentation of the ecological traditions of India, restored over fifty sacred groves, and established schools, the C.P.R Indological Research Centre, and Shakunthala Jagannathan Museum of Folk Art Her published works include Sacred Animals of India, Book of Demons, Book of Vishnu, Madras Then Chennai Now, Balaji-Venkateshwara, Ganesha, Painted Manuscripts of the Sarasvati Mahal Library, Arts and Crafts of Tamilnadu, and Art and Iconography of Vishnu Narayana, besides numerous research papers and newspaper articles She is a professor and research guide for the PhD programme of the University of Madras and has received several prestigious national and international awards M Amirthalingam is a botanist and environmental education officer at C.P.R Environmental Education Centre, Chennai He has researched and published the books Sacred Groves of Tamil Nadu, Sacred Trees of Tamil Nadu, Temple Tanks of Chennai, and Flora and Fauna of Valmiki’s Ramayana, besides research papers and articles in various journals, magazines, and seminar proceedings He is currently working on the All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment in the Inland Plains of Tamil Nadu sponsored by the ministry of environment and forests, Government of India In memory of Shakunthala and A.R Jagannathan, a source of inspiration, encouragement, and love References Abbott, J 2003 Keys of Power: A Study of Indian Religion and Belief Whitefish, USA: Kessinger Publishing LLC Aerts, R 2007 ‘Church Forests in Ethiopia’ Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 5 (2): 66 Agharkar, S.P 1991 Medicinal Plants of Bombay Presidency Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers Agrawala, V.S 1970 Ancient Indian Folk Cults Varanasi: Prithivi Prakashan Aiyer, A.K Yegna Narayan 1956 The Antiquity of Some Field and Forest Flora of India Bangalore: Bangalore Printing and Publishing Co Akhtar, Jamnadas, ed 1972 Matsya Purana Part 1 Delhi: Oriental Publishers Ali, Ghulam M.; S Yasumoto; and M Katsuta 2007 ‘Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) 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V.P.K Nambiar; and C Ramankutty, eds 1994 Indian Medicinal Plants Vol Madras: Orient Longman Watson, Burton 1993 The Lotus Sutra New York: Columbia University Press Watt, George 1885 A Dictionary of the Economic Products of India Vol Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing Wilson, H.H., trans 1961 Vishnu Purana Calcutta: Punthi Pustak Zimmer, H 1953 Myths and Symbols of Indian Art and Civilization Bolligen Series 6 New York: Pantheon Books Select Bibliography Atharva Veda Hoshiarpur: Vishveshvaranand Indological Series, 1960–64 Rig Veda Hoshiarpur: Vishveshvaranand Indological Series, 1963–66 Amirthalingam, M Sacred Trees of Tamil Nadu Chennai: C.P.R Environmental Education Centre, 1998 Shamasastri, R., trans Arthashastra Mysore: Wesleyan Mission Press, 1929 Sharma, P.V., trans Sushruta Samhita Varanasi: Chaukhambha Visvabharati, 2004 Sharma, R.K.; and V.B Dash., trans Charaka Samhita Varanasi: Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series, 2004 THE BEGINNING Let the conversation begin Follow the Penguin Twitter.com@PenguinIndia Keep up-to-date with all our stories YouTube.com/PenguinIndia Like ‘Penguin Books’ on Facebook.com/PenguinIndia Find out more about the author and discover more stories like this at penguinbooksindia.com PENGUIN BOOKS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 7th Floor, Infinity Tower C, DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon – 122 002, Haryana, India Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario M4P 2Y3, Canada Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Group (Australia), 707 Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3008, Australia Penguin Group (NZ), 67 Apollo Drive, Rosedale, Auckland 0632, New Zealand Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, Block D, Rosebank Office Park, 181 Jan Smuts Avenue, Parktown North, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England www.penguinbooksindia.com First published by Penguin Books India 2014 Copyright © Nanditha Krishna and M Amirthalingam 2014 The views and opinions expressed in this book are the authors’ own and the facts are as reported by them which have been verified to the extent possible, and the publishers are not in any way liable for the same Cover: Shiva (2009) by Olivia Fraser All rights reserved ISBN: 978-0-143-06626-2 This digital edition published in 2013 e-ISBN: 978-9-351-18691-5 ... Flame of the Forest Gingelly Grapevine Green Gram Hiptage Indian Beech Indian Butter Tree Indian Cadapa Indian Cherry Indian Gooseberry Indian Jujube Indian Laburnum Indian Laurel Fig Indian Lavender... The cutch tree was created from the middle of the body of Brahma The tamarind was created from the palm of Parvati The five-leaved chaste plant emerged from the forehead of Ganesha The flame of the forest came out of the right side of Yama... Buddhism and Jainism, being offshoots of the Vedic religion, continued many of the earlier traditions One of these was the sanctity of the tree, particularly the pipal Each form of the Buddha and each of the Jaina Tirthankaras was

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