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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING SUBJECT: SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT ESSAY Supply chain management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Instructor: Dr Nguyen Thi Hong Xuyen Student: Ho Chi Minh City, May 2022 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Member List Contents Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC Reasons for choosing the topic For many years, seafood products have been one of Vietnam's most important exports Since Vietnam acceded to the World Trade Organization (WTO), our seafood exports have maintained a high turnover and growth rate Pangasius and Basa fish are among the main products, accounting for more than 30 percent of total seafood export turnover in the country Vietnamese pangasius has gained market share in over 130 countries and territories around the world, accounting for nearly half of total pangasius production The US market, in particular, is one of the largest markets for Pangasius and Basa fish in Vietnam, with an export value exceeding $243 million in the first six months of the year, up 130 percent from the same period last year Despite becoming a supplier and achieving numerous remarkable successes However, the export of Pangasius and Basa fish to the US market faces numerous challenges It is the imposition of anti-dumping duties at various tax rates by the United States that has placed aquaculture and seafood processing enterprises in a passive and anxious state Second, as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, pangasius processing and exporting businesses are facing a raw material shortage, a sudden increase in raw material prices, and an increase in freight rates based on global gasoline prices As a result, despite higher growth than in the same period last year, exports are still heavily impacted by the epidemic, so this recovery is just getting started and will require many optimal solutions to maintain and improve the economy's quality Increase output even more Third, a sad reality that directly affects the export of Pangasius and Basa fish to Vietnam is farmers' lack of understanding of the farming process; each person rears differently, the role of management agencies is still weak, and antibiotic abuse, the use of banned chemicals for aquatic products, and so on, resulting in poor quality input materials for processing Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation enterprises quality control On the other hand, we cannot ignore the fact that, in the pursuit of profit, some processing enterprises engage in business fraud, such as the abuse of glazing to increase the virtual weight of products, and the abuse of chemical additives to preserve, This "snatching" business model will not last long when the markets we are targeting are all picky So, how can Vietnamese pangasius and Basa exporters maintain their competitive position in the international market, particularly in a demanding market like the US? Because of the intimate ties between growers, processors, and distributors, my team believes that all challenges are tied to the "Supply Chain." As a result, we must develop and implement a sustainable supply chain to assure product quality and traceability, as well as to explain costs in a clear, objective, and objective manner Only when consumption is stable will Vietnam's export of Pangasius and Basa become stable, sustainable, and long-term To tackle the challenges of exporting Pangasius and Basa fish, we need a clear, full, and accurate examination of the supply chain in order to create solutions that are relevant for each situation and suited for the export market Nam Viet Joint Stock Company, a leading firm in the sector of processing and exporting Pangasius and Basa fish from Vietnam, has yet to find a unique solution to complete the supply chain product application Supply chain decisions have a significant impact on a company's success or failure However, the current implementation of the internal supply chain at the Company is mostly based on the Board of Directors' expertise As a result, in addition to its success, the company paid a high price for the loss of the Russian and American markets (at a tax rate of 53.68 percent), which are valuable lessons from a lack of expertise in the business Adoption of the supply chain The authors believe that if the company wants to preserve its leadership position in Vietnam's seafood market while still developing sustainably, it must take a close look at the supply chain Because the supply chain is the technique through which enterprises, like Nam Viet, may securely enter the global market with the most stringent criteria Therefore, the authors Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation decided to choose the topic "The supply chain of Pangasius and Ba Sa fish exported to the US market at Nam Viet Joint Stock Company" to be the topic of the final essay on supply chain management Objectives of the study Analyzing the current state of Nam Viet Joint Stock Company's supply chain of Pangasius and Basa fish exporting to the US market to identify strengths and unresolved difficulties, and then proposing solutions Nam Viet Joint Stock Company is taking steps to improve and expand its supply chain for Pangasius and Basa fish shipped to the US market Object and scope of the study - Research subjects: Suppliers/Farmers, Manufacturers/Nam Viet Joint Stock Company, Customers - Research scope: The problems raised in the research objective of frozen Pangasius, Basa fish at Nam Viet Joint Stock Company Research Methods - Analytical methodology: supply chain, value chain, Global GAP - Methods of collecting information and data: Analyzing the current state of the Pangasius, Basa fish supply chain The authors employed descriptive statistics and the comparative approach to conducting their investigation Secondary data sources include the Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, seafood publications, textbooks, previously researched dissertations, and Internet information sources The primary goal of the data collection is to describe the current state of the Vietnamese seafood industry Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Topic structure Besides introduction, conclusion, list of references, list of tables, essays include… The page is divided into chapters Chapter 1: Theoretical basis In this chapter, we will learn the most general theories about supply chains, seafood supply chains, and related issues in the supply chain Chapter 2: The current situation of the supply chain of Pangasius and Basa products of Nam Viet Joint Stock Company in the US market The writers investigate the US market in general in this section, then look into the components and subjects involved in the export supply chain of Pangasius and Basa fish from Vietnam at Joint Stock Company South Vietnam, where to look for the remaining issues Chapter 3: Solutions to complete the supply chain of Vietnamese pangasius and basa fish at Nam Viet Joint Stock Company to export to the US market The authors propose several ways to strengthen the supply chain of Vietnam's export pangasius and basa fish at a joint-stock business based on the limitations and lingering concerns identified in Chapter Part of South Vietnam Chapter 4: Conclusion Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS 1.1 General theory of supply chain 1.1.1 Supply chain definition and supply chain management Supply Chain What exactly is a supply chain? A supply chain encompasses all enterprises that are directly or indirectly involved in servicing the needs of customers Not only does the supply chain comprise the manufacturer and suppliers, but also the transportation business, warehouse, retailer, and its customers “Supply chain is an association of companies that bring products and services to market” – “Fudaments of Logistics Management”, Lambert, Stock and Ellram (1998, Boston MA: Irwin/McGraw – Hill, c.14 ) La Londe and Masters proposed that a supply chain is a set of firms that pass materials forward Normally, several independent firms are involved in manufacturing a product and placing it in the hands of the end user in a supply chain—raw material and component producers, product assemblers, wholesalers, retailers and transportation companies are all members of a supply chain ( merchant La London and Masters 1994) “A supply chain is a network of production and distribution options that perform the functions of procuring raw materials, converting materials into semi-finished products and finished products, and distributing them to customers” – “An introduction to supply chain management”, Ganesham, Ran and Tery P Harison, 1995 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Mentzer, J., Witt, W D., Keebler, J., Min, S., Nix, N., Smith, D & Zacharia, Z (2001) defines Supply Chain as a set of entities (eg.organizations or individuals ) directly involved in the supply and distribution flows of goods, services, finances, and information from a source to a destination (customer) Another definition notes a supply chain is the network of organizations that are involved, through upstream and downstream linkages, in the different processes and activities that produce value in the form of products and services delivered to the ultimate consumer (Christopher 1992) In other words, a supply chain consists of multiple firms, both upstream (i.e., supply) and downstream (i.e., distribution), and the ultimate consumer Thus, the supply chain can be viewed as a network of closely linked links that performs the functions of procuring raw materials, manufacturing and processing raw materials and semi-finished goods, and distributing the products to their final destination Managing the supply chain There are many definitions of supply chain management: According to the Institute of Supply Management, supply chain management is described as the design and management of processes across the chain, creating value for organizations to meet the needs of customers real end customer The development and integration of human and technological resources is key to successful supply chain integration [20] According to the Supply Chain Council, supply chain management is the management of supply and demand, sourcing of materials and parts, manufacturing and assembly, warehouse and inventory control, order taking and management order processing, distribution across channels, and distribution to the end customer [21] According to Grant, D., Lambert, D., Stock, J and Ellram, L (2006), Supply Chain management refers to corporate business processes integration from end users Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation through suppliers that provides information ,goods, and services that add value for customers Little (1999) declares that Supply Chain management (SCM) aims at increasing value contribution to the customer while concurrently optimizing functional costs of the Supply Chain.Computerworld (2001) defines Supply Chain management (SCM) as the management that allows an organization to get the right products and services to the location they are required on time, in the suitable quantity and at a satisfactory cost Effectively managing this process involved connections with customers, and controlling inventory, forecasting demand and getting regular feedback on what is occurring at every connection in the chain Kitsolutions (2003) defines Supply Chain management (SCM) as providing the right goods or services, to the right location, in the right quantity, at the right time and at the right cost So, what is supply chain management? Supply chain management is a collection of strategies that integrate and efficiently employ suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, and shops to deliver manufactured items to the appropriate locations time, in compliance with quality specifications, with the goal of decreasing system-wide costs while meeting service level specifications 1.1.2 Components of the supply chain and related entities Distinct product supply chains will have quite different characteristics Any supply chain, in general, is made up of five essential components: manufacturing, transportation, inventory, location, and information - Manufacturing: Manufacturing refers to the supply chain's ability to create and store goods The means of production are workshops and warehouses The fundamental issue for managers when making production decisions is how to strike a balance between responsiveness and efficiency The ability to be flexible and quickly respond to enormous Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation amounts of product demand if factories and warehouses are built with significant extra capacity Factories are built in one of two ways to accommodate production: with a focus on production or with a focus on function - Inventories are raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished items stored by manufacturers, distributors, and retailers scattered across the supply chain To find a balance between responsiveness and efficiency, managers must decide where to store goods Having a large inventory allows the organization to respond rapidly to changes in customer demand There are three main considerations to make when it comes to inventory generation and storage: cyclical inventory, safety stock, and seasonal inventory - Transportation refers to the transportation of raw materials, semi-finished goods, and final goods within the supply chain Our specific balancing of shipment time and efficiency through the selection of shipping mode The fastest means of transportation is by plane because it is the quickest to respond but also the most expensive Slower modes of transportation, such as ships and trains, are less expensive but not respond quickly Transportation costs can account for up to one-third of the supply chain's operational costs, so making the right option is critical - Positioning: Location refers to the location of activities done in various supply chain components Here, responsiveness and efficiency are the options Decisions will be made to concentrate operations in a few locations to improve efficiency and economies of scale Decisions will be made to minimize the emphasis on operations near customers and suppliers to create more responsive operations Because of the significant financial influence on long-term planning, the location decision is considered a strategic decision - Information: To continuously promote the supply chain, the above four actors must make decisions based on information Companies decide on timeliness within the supply chain as a whole, and efficiency is deciding how much information to share with other companies and how much to preserve for themselves Companies communicate increasing amounts of information about their products, consumer demands, market 10 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation During the quarantine period, despite many difficulties, the company still managed to maintain revenue from frozen pangasius products in July and August reaching more than 18.5 million USD, of which the Thai market was prominent and Colombia still grew well, reaching a turnover of nearly million USD in just August Currently, the company's orders are quite abundant, expected to be at full capacity until Quarter 1-2022, and all orders are signed at high prices Nam Viet Joint Stock Company has adapted well to the epidemic situation when it solved the inventory problem, specifically, inventories decreased sharply by 30%, compared to the time before the lockdown during Covid-19 Pandemic It is expected that by the end of the year, the company will continue to reduce inventories to a low-level thanks to the strong increase in consumption of frozen pangasius products at the end of the year in most markets At the same time, the disease situation caused many pangasius supplies to be cut off and the shipping fee increased sharply, causing demand to increase, so the price of fish sold suddenly increased, and orders were signed at high prices This is considered an opportunity for Nam Viet to prove its strong financial potential to overcome this challenging period and restore supply chain management in Nam Viet Corporation 43 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS TO COMPLETE THE SUPPLY CHIAN OF VIETNAMESES PANGASIUS AND BASA FISH AT NAM VIET STOCK COMPANY TO EXPORT TO THE US MARKET 3.1 The company's method of input materials The paucity of raw resources for manufacturing export products has become more acute and worrying in recent years, particularly in 2019 In light of the foregoing, Nam Viet Joint Stock Company's tight collaboration with breeders, breeders, and feed suppliers is currently one of the best solutions for enterprises The company requires tight cooperation from the aquaculture farmers here, which include Pangasius and Basa fish, as well as suppliers, local authorities, and other parties so that when there is a problem or event, it can occur resolved as soon and as efficiently as possible On the firm side, the corporation must be transparent and clear in supplying and disseminating market information, as well as regularly updating customer feedback to transmit information about the quality of input materials Furthermore, enterprises must share benefits with partners who contribute to the development of the farming and exporting industry of Pangasius and Basa fish in a sustainable, stable, and long-term manner for aquaculture farmers, or in other words as input material suppliers Furthermore, firms must form alliances, groupings, and economic groups to work together to promote processing, balance raw resources, and protect market pricing from dumping and unfair price competition Currently, there is a supply imbalance — between farmers and processors, the phases in this supply chain are inextricably linked The previous stage's products will be 44 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation the raw materials for the next stage, which will affect the company's size and performance This is a common occurrence at Nam Viet Joint Stock Company After assessing the company's remaining challenges, the author believes that the company has invested in a farming region that fulfills Global Gap requirements, which can account for more than one-fifth of the input material need the remaining 4/5 are obtained through breeders However, the price and purchase price agreed between the buyer and the company has not been synchronized, so the author provides various remedies: Extending the area of cultivation and farming areas that satisfy Global GAP standards: this allows businesses to be more proactive about input materials if the supplier confronts farming concerns The corporation develops an agricultural contract scheme The corporation will be in charge of delivering seed, feed, and technology in this location Farmers will put money into ponds, facilities, labor, and time As a result, we can easily control both the quantity and quality of the meal In addition to signing livestock, the two parties must agree on particular limits, such as enterprises will periodically review and evaluate the situation of farming to provide appropriate solutions When the product is ready, it will be transferred to the factory If the output is insufficient compared to the contract, the two parties will sit down to find out the cause and blame the violator, and vice versa, if the output is more than the contract with the contract, the farmer will enjoy Thus, it can be said that this is one of the most effective measures for both farmers and businesses In the event of market and weather fluctuations, the interests of both parties are guaranteed, especially farmers people Thus, it is possible to be more secure about the source of goods and the number of goods exported to the US market with lower risks 3.2 Methods in production management 45 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Today, in the age of civilization, people's standards and needs in terms of food safety and hygiene are higher and more demanding, as are the quality and requirements that the world's most famous consumers need When it comes to exporting to difficult markets like the United States, the world is especially interested As a result, for goods to be exported in growing quantities to the US market, severe requirements on food hygiene and safety must be met, as follows: strictly comply with production conditions, and comply with food hygiene and safety standards From the top management down, all staff must commit to and follow food safety and hygiene regulations Because Nam Viet chose the United States as its target market, it must ensure that the items manufactured are of excellent quality, and the product value must be increased Say no to the export of lowquality items to the US market since the company's Pangasius and Basa products will be eliminated and bottled in this picky market 3.3 Diversify export products Nam Viet must focus on generating different products in addition to investing in products, input materials, and prices so that consumers in the United States have more options To address the increasingly diverse needs of clients in the United States, Nam Viet must develop new goods based on available materials In addition to frozen Pangasius and Basa fish, the company can develop additional lines of fish Fish cakes, canned pangasius with soy sauce, and Basa fish with tomatoes are examples of processed foodstuffs In addition to focusing on new product development, creating a logo for American customers to identify and remember is an effective option However, before designing and releasing a logo, the company must register a trademark for the product To minimize unnecessary disagreements, items should be routed through functional ministries The next step in creating a range of logos is to create a variety of packaging methods with varying designs, quality, and sizes, but all must assure food safety and hygiene, not contaminate the environment and resist high pressure during transit Only 46 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation then will Nam Viet be able to outperform domestic competitors in the fight to deliver the company's products to the US market in a long and steady manner determined 3.4 Solution on traceability For the US market, Product traceability is always a high priority; knowing the origin of products is also one of the key reasons to help them make decisions when purchasing items As a result, if Nam Viet picks the US as its target market, Nam Viet requires a traceability system from which the supply chain can be completed and assured, thus satisfying the company's thoughts and objectives at customers One of the advantageous initial stages for the adoption of the traceability system is that Nam Viet has certified farming regions according to Global GAP standards and processing factories according to BRC, IFS, and ISO 22000 standards, making it easy to integrate quality management systems To meet the aforementioned needs of the target market, the authors propose a solution that is to use RFID technology in product traceability; this method can quickly and accurately retrieve, the ability to store large amounts of information, the ability to enter and extract data easily, and it is compact However, Nam Viet must evaluate the likelihood of costs as well as the ability to avoid the reverse consequence of increasing costs but lower or no efficiency As a result, the ability to apply a combination of traditional and modern processes represents step-by-step progress for Vietnamese firms in general, and Nam Viet in particular 3.5 Cooperation with businesses in the same industry If you want to go fast, go alone, if you want to go far, go together Indeed, to compete with businesses around the world, we must be a strong business, but in Vietnam, seafood exporters In the US, most of them are small businesses Therefore, the connection between businesses in the present time is very reasonable and necessary that Nam Viet company should aim for With the strength gained in the past time, Pangasius and Basa fish have become the main products of the country, aquaculture production has 47 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation increased significantly, contributing to about 2% of the GDP of the country However, the unfair competition of enterprises exporting Pangasius and Basa fish in recent years to the US market has caused export prices to decrease continuously That competition is not a sustainable direction for businesses Therefore, in addition to constantly improving their image, businesses should also focus on cooperating with companies in the same field to jointly come up with appropriate strategies and steps, constantly making mistakes strengthen the position of Vietnamese pangasius and Basa fish in the international market, especially the potential and dynamic market that businesses are targeting in the US 48 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION The US market is a big market for Vietnam's Pangasius and Ba Sa export industry with large and growing demand But this is also a difficult market with a series of strict standards for seafood such as Global Gap, HACCP, BRC, IFS, ISO 22000, ISO 14001: 2004, and ISO 17025: 2005 so that there can be room stand firmly in this potential export market Our company Nam Viet is increasingly perfecting the supply chain of our business from input materials to export to foreign markets, especially the US market In Vietnam, we have a favorable climate and many factors in the proactive source of input materials for the export of Pangasius and the Basa fish industry Pangasius and Basa products are popular cultured species in the Mekong Delta provinces, especially the provinces along the Tien and Hau rivers However, in the past time due to overheating development, lack of planning; many inadequacies in the management of inputs and purchasing, processing, and consumption; production organization is still weak, the link between production and consumption is still inadequate; trade promotion has not yet been highly effective; The role of associations in the production chain has not been clearly shown, so in recent years the production and consumption of Pangasius and Basa still face many difficulties, many farmers suffer losses and go bankrupt to the common phenomenon of hanging ponds Nam Viet Joint Stock Company has a vision and business strategy associated with the supply chain "from seed to table", this is a correct supply chain strategy, but Nam Viet still does not have distribution stores Direct products lead to export dependence entirely on retail partners abroad 49 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Nam Viet has identified the target market as US Market Nam Viet company is and will prepare itself to aim for high-quality products and value-added products Choosing customers and building a network of output customers is the final key step towards the destination of the supply chain Food hygiene and safety and product traceability: Nam Viet wants to survive and develop sustainably, and it must strictly comply with food safety and hygiene standards When standards like Global GAP, and BRC have been built and integrated, it will certainly create favorable conditions for improving product quality, ensuring food safety, and product traceability However, the fact that the company has many Qualities Standard Certificates does not mean that the company's quality is always stable and always ensures food hygiene and safety, but the first important thing before applying quality standards requires the commitment of leaders, the head in the Company strictly adheres to food safety and hygiene and commits to creating all favorable conditions for his subordinates to comply with the standards In Summary, depending on the conditions and circumstances of each business; Depending on the vision and perception of the leaders in the Company, we can choose and build for our unit a compatible supply chain model to better suit the deeper and deeper integration of the global economy our country's economy 50 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Reference Báo cáo chiến lược kinh doanh 2021 công ty Nam Việt Lợi cạnh tranh quốc gia Michael E Porter (2008), Nhà xuất trẻ Quyết định số: 3535 /2008/QĐ-BNN-QLCL ngày 10 tháng 12 năm 2009 Bộ nông nghiệp Phát triển nông thôn việc công bố danh mục tiêu định kiểm tra lô hàng thủy sản xuất thông báo số 2575/TBBNN-VP ngày tháng năm 2010 Thứ trưởng Lương Lê Phương việc giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng bình ổn giá sản phẩm Cá Tra, Cá Basa xuất Tiêu chuẩn ngành: 28 TCN 211 : 2004 - Quy trình kỹ thuật sản xuất giống Cá Tra Foreign Reference Nguyen Thi Anh Tuyet (2009), “Frozen Catfish Supply Chain Management In Vietnam”, Asian Institute of Technology School of Environment, Resources and Development, in Thailand H.L Lee and C.Billington, “The evolution of supply chain management models and practice at Hewlett-packard” Website https://vasep.com.vn/san-pham-xuat-khau/tin-tong-hop/san-xuat/chuoi-cung- ung-te-liet-va-phep-thu-cho-doanh-nghiep-thuy-san-trong-nam-202123545.html 51 Group FHQ- Supply Chain Management of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation 10 https://navicorp.com.vn/vi/ctcp-nam-viet-anv-thich-ung-trong-mua-dich-xu- ly-tot-bai-toan-ton-kho 11 https://finance.vietstock.vn/ANV/tai-chinh.htm 12 https://www.investopedia.com/ 13 https://www.globalgap.org/vi/ 14 52 ... City Stock Exchange (HOSE) with the stock code of ANV Vietnamese Name : Công ty Cổ phần Nam Việt English Name : Nam Viet Corporation Brief Name : NAVICO Stock ID : ANV Charter Capital : 1.275.000.000... of Pangasius, Basa Fish export US Market at Nam Viet Corporation Reference Báo cáo chiến lược kinh doanh 2021 công ty Nam Việt Lợi cạnh tranh quốc gia Michael E Porter (2008), Nhà xuất trẻ Quyết... giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng bình ổn giá sản phẩm Cá Tra, Cá Basa xuất Tiêu chuẩn ngành: 28 TCN 211 : 2004 - Quy trình kỹ thuật sản xuất giống Cá Tra Foreign Reference Nguyen Thi Anh Tuyet (2009),