THE TIPPING POINT How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference docx

[...]... eye, and guess that the pile would be as thick as a phone book or, if they're really courageous, they'll say that it would be as tall as a refrigerator But the real answer is that the height of the stack would approximate the distance to the sun And if you folded it over one more time, the stack would be as high as the distance to the sun and back This is an example of what in mathematics is called a. .. the fact that little causes can have big effects; and three, that change happens not gradually but at one dramatic moment — are the same three principles that define how measles moves through a grade-school classroom or the flu attacks every winter Of the three, the third trait — the idea that epidemics can rise or fall in one dramatic moment — is the most important, because it is the principle that... I can plant a feeling in your mind Can the flu virus do that? Contagiousness, in other words, is an unexpected property of all kinds of things, and we have to remember that, if we are to recognize and diagnose epidemic change The second of the principles of epidemics — that little changes can somehow have big effects — is also a fairly radical notion We are, as humans, heavily socialized to make a. .. little changes had big clfccts All of the possible reasons for why New York's crime rate dropped are changes that happened at the margin; they were incremental changes The crack trade leveled off The population got a little older The police force got a little better Yet the effect was dramatic So too with Hush Puppies How many kids are we talking about who began wearing the shoes in downtown Manhattan?... trends and fashions I'll take you to the set of the children's shows Sesame Street and Blue's Clues and into the fascinating world of the man who helped to create the Columbia Record Club to look at how messages can be structured to have the maximum possible impact on all their audience I'll take you to a high-tech company in Delaware to talk about the Tipping Points that govern group life and to the. .. Council of Fashion Designers awards dinner at Lincoln Center, and the president of the firm stood up On the stage with Calvin Klein and Donna Karan and accepted an award for an achievement that — as he would be the first to admit — his company had almost nothing to do with Hush Puppies had suddenly exploded, and it all started with a handful of kids in the East Village and Soho How did that happen? Those... who might otherwise have become criminals These are the conventional expla nations for the rise and fall of social problems, but in the end none is any more satisfying than the statement that kids in the East Village caused the Hush Puppies revival The changes in the drug trade, the population, and the economy are all long-term trends, happening all Over the country They don't explain why crime plunged... popular use in the 1970s to describe the flight to the suburbs of whites living in the older cities of the American Northeast When the number of incoming African Americans in a particular neighborhood reached a certain point 20 percent, say — sociologists observed that the community would "tip": most of the remaining whites would leave almost immediately The Tipping Point is the moment of critical mass,... cheaper, and service got better until 1998, when the technology hit a Tipping Point and suddenly everyone had a cell phone (For an explanation of the mathematics of Tipping Points, see the Endnotes-) All epidemics have Tipping Points Jonathan Crane, a sociologist at the University of Illinois, has looked at the effect the number of role models in a community — the professionals, managers, teachers whom the. .. York as conditions gradually improved It plummeted How can a change in a handful of economic and social indices cause murder rates to fall by two-thirds in five years? 2 The Tipping Point is the biography of an idea, and the idea is very simple It is that the best way to understand the emergence of fashion trends, the ebb and How of crime waves, or, for that matter, the transformation ot unknown books . of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gladwell Malcolm. The tipping point: how little things can make a big difference / by Malcolm Gladwell. p. cm. Includes. Lincoln Center, and the president of the firm stood up On the stage with Calvin Klein and Donna Karan and accepted an award for an achievement that — as he would be the first