SKKN some experience in teaching students to learn collocations in the new 11th english textbook

NGHE AN DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING - - TEACHING EXPERIENCE Topic: Some experience in teaching students to learn collocations in the new 11th English textbook Subject: English Vinh, 2022 NGHE AN DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING LE VIET THUAT HIGH SCHOOL - - TEACHING EXPERIENCE Topic: Some experience in teaching students to learn collocations in the new 11th English textbook Subject: English Writer: Hoang Thi Hien Phone number: 0977964711 Vinh, 2022 TABLE OF CONTENT A INTRODUCTION I Reasons for choosing the research II Aims of the research III The meaning and effect of the new solution IV Scope of the study V Measures carried out B MAIN CONTENT I Theoretical and practical basis Definition of collocations The importance of collocation 3 Problems English learners have with collocations Ways to help students make good use of collocations Main types of collocations An overview of the new 11th English textbook 7 Current status of students in learning English vocabulary II THE STUDY Materials and Methodology 1.1 Participants 1.2 The Instruments 1.3 Data collection Findings of the study III APPLICATION 10 Theme 1: Unit 1: The Generation Gap 11 Theme 2: Unit 2: Relationships 13 Theme 3: Unit 3: Becoming independent 15 Theme 4: Unit 4: Caring for those in need 18 Theme 5: Unit 5: Being part of ASEAN 21 Theme 6: Unit 6: Global Warming 24 Theme 7: Unit 7: Further Education 26 Theme 8: Unit 8: Our World Heritage Sites 30 Theme 9: Unit 9: Cities of the Future 32 Theme 10: Unit 10: Healthy Lifestyle and Longevity 35 IV THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY 39 C CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 39 I Meaning of themes for teaching and learning collocations 39 II Experience - Development 40 III Recommendations 40 IV Conclusion 42 D REFERENCES E APPENDICES A INTRODUCTION I Reasons for choosing the research In recent years, English has become very popular language around the world There are more than 700 million English users in the world which is a terrible number to prove the importance of English Also, learning English becomes easy with everything around our life We can study with Internet which helps us chat with foreign friends and search information We can also walk the park and exchange with foreign travelers A crucial reason for people to travel to English speaking countries for learning English is that learning from native speakers will enable them to acquire the level of proficiency required to clear international English tests Subsequently, a good level of English helps people to acquire a resident status in the first world countries For example, students who want to go abroad to study need the IELTS cerfificate with the diferent levels from 5.5 to 7.0 In Viet nam, some universities require students having this IELTS cerfificate will be admitted to directly Learning English not only provides access to information but also open a world of opportunities In the IELTS Reading test, Vocabulary is an important factor for candidates to be able to read and understand information in the Reading test In addition to common vocabulary, the ability to understand and use collocations also helps candidates increase the speed and accuracy of information processing when reading text In the IELTS Speaking and Writing, These are two exams that require candidates to actively show off their vocabulary to get high scores Indeed, Lexical Resource - vocabulary is one of the four criteria for determining the score of the Speaking and Writing test Indeed, in Band of the Lexical Resources criterion in the Speaking test, candidates are required to “uses some less common and idiomatic vocabulary and shows some awareness of style and collocation”, and for the Writing test it is “uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation”- that is, in addition to using less popular words, candidates must pay attention to collocations and idioms in the context and how to combine words Thus, learning collocations and idioms is essential for candidates taking the speaking and writing exams, especially those aiming to score 7.0 or above in skills And the English test for the national high school exam is no exception for using collocations The core of the test is the vocabulary issue But not discrete vocabulary, they will be collocations Please assume that if the English test does not have any new words for students, what will the results be? Surely they not miss the opportunity to get the perfect score, the score that both makes them proud and creates a huge competitive strength for admission to their dream university Since vocabulary is the central content of the language test, when there are good vocabulary, comprehension reading becomes easy to understand, grammar lesson is easier to do, and phonetic lesson is also easy to judge Indeed, after many teaching years at high school and help students to learn skills, I realized that most of the students cannot express exactly what the collocations really mean and they find it difficult to have good word choices, Moreover, to write an effective paragraph or essay and to speak a sentence correctly and fluently requires students to have collocations Therefore, to help students master the words learned to practice skills and apply them to the tests is a very important task that made me worry and decided to implement the topic: “SOME EXPERIENCE IN TEACHING STUDENTS TO LEARN COLLOCATIONS IN THE NEW 11th ENGLISH TEXTBOOK” I hope that these experiences contribute to complement and enrich the teaching methods of colleagues II Aims of the research - To help students improve the skills of learning vocabulary through collocations - To encourage students to confidently cope with this type of problem in order to learn words by heart effectively - To make students be aware of the importance of vocabulary in English and motivate them practice learning vocabulary - To use vocabulary to communicate, apply to the tests III The meaning and effect of the new solution - Students will remember new words quickly, acquire a lot of vocabulary and know to use vocabulary accurately in a variety of situations Besides, they can facilitate the four language skills: speaking, reading writing and listening and even the international testing systems IV Scope of the study - In this research, I just focus on the 11th grade students at Le Viet Thuat High School, especially students in class 11A1, 11D2 V Measures carried out - Study common types of collocations - Survey questionnaire and class observation - Provide the vocabulary through collocations of units in the new 11th English textbook - Provide some application exercises containing collocations and guide students how to cope with - Read reference books, discuss with other teachers, apply in teaching and getting experience from the teaching in the class B MAIN CONTENT I Theoretical and practical basis Definition of collocations According to the Oxford dictionary, collocation is defined as "a combination of words in a language that happens very often and more frequently than would happen by chance” Cambridge Dictionary defines collocation as “a word or phrase that is often used with another word or phrase, in a way that sounds correct to people who have spoken the language all their lives, but might not be expected from the meaning” Thus, collocation is the natural combination of words into phrases according to native habits Collocations may seem natural to native writers and speakers, but are not obvious to non-native English speakers For instance, the adjective "dark" collocates with "chocolate", but not with “tea” The importance of collocation The mastery of collocation has a significant effect on learner’s effective use of language: - Help learners use words more accurately, avoid mistakes in written language as well as in communication For example: You’ll make (NOT do) fewer mistakes - Help learners use language in a more natural and flexible way For example: By using the phrase “make a complain” instead of “create a complain”, the learners not only express their ideas to the listener but also use natural language like native speakers - Help learners have a richer vocabulary Instead of repeating common words like “very”, “good”, “nice”, learners can expand their vocabulary by learning specific collocations in each case For example: Instead of using “very happy”, the speaker can learn more “blissfully happy” collocation to express happy feelings Or instead of “it was very cold and very dark”, they can say “it was bitterly cold and pitch dark” - Help you have a lot of choices and expressions - Help your brain to remember and use language in the best way Problems English learners have with collocations One of the biggest problems with collocation is its arbitrary nature: there is no “rule” or reason that it’s “in regard to” and not “on regard to”- it just is - Lack of awareness: students need to have a problem brought to their attention before they even know it is a problem They may be unaware that some words go together better than others, especially as this doesn’t tend to be emphasized in language instruction - First language transfer is another English Speaking Language problem with collocation - students transfer the appropriate collocation from their first language “Make” and “do” confusion is common, for example, among students of Latin language backgrounds: e.g., “make my homework” rather than “do my homework.” - Common errors from students’ writing: Students often find it hard to produce a good writing One of the reasons for that is they cannot find the right word Another lies in the fact that they cannot write in as accurate a way as they expect because they fail to get an adjective or an adverb to collocate with the noun or the verb used If students only learn these individual words, although learners can remember and understand the meaning of the words, it is difficult to understand the use and combinations of words in sentences when combined with other words Consequently, although the learner can recall the correct vocabulary in the context in which it is being expressed, wrongly combining one word with other words makes the language unnatural and even inaccurate, and many cases that make it difficult to convey information Ways to help students make good use of collocations To Learn Collocations effectively, there are no rules The students can apply the vocabulary learning strategies that they find effective to this phrase learning And the most effective way is still to keep it in mind In fact there are a lot of ways to learn them - Encourage your learners to read English texts Be sure to include authentic materials into your lessons so that your students are exposed to natural language as much as possible When teaching vocabulary, don’t only focus on meaning, form and pronunciation but also focus on common collocations with the words in question Be sure to draw your students’ attention to the occurrence and usage of collocations in any texts you use in class - Encourage students to create their own collocation dictionary You can also create cards with common phrases on the walls around the classroom so your students can see them instantly when they are speaking in English - Learn collocation through book, press, and reproduction You should learn this way; read books and magazines a lot to be able to record collocations by topic And this recording will help you remember very quickly as well as help you have the right vocabulary for yourself - Learn collocation by mind map: Remembering collocation is quite difficult, one of the best ways to learn collocation can be through mind map In addition, the students should not remember mechanically, they can follow the steps below Step 1: Finding collocations: There are two ways in which collocations or can be found: - Students can find them in any text in English they read or hear and then make a note of good collocations - Students can also find collocations in a good learner’s dictionary, like Oxford Collocations Dictionary for students of English For example, when they look up the word use, they will find many combinations with it, some of which are: considerable/ extensive/ great/ full use make use of/ come into use/ ban the use of medicinal / intended/ potential use Step 2: Recording collocations When students record a collocation, it is a great idea to it in a phrase or a sentence showing how it is used Then, highlight the collocation by underlining it or by using a highlighting pen For example: I don’t have access to that kind of secret information Jim gave me a very useful piece of advice Step 3: Learning collocations Learning collocations is not so different from learning any vocabulary item Teachers should remind students to: - regularly revise what they want to lean - practise using what they want to learn in contexts that are meaningful for them personally - learn collocations in groups to help fix them in students’ memory Students might together collocations relating to the same topic Or they can group collocations based on the same word, for example: I must find a way to help him Can you find your way back to my house? I learnt the hard way that Jack can’t be trusted Please tell me if I’m getting in your way You must give way to traffic from the left Main types of collocations Teacher teaches students how to know types of collocations There are several different types of collocation made from combinations of verb, noun, adjective etc Some of the most common types are: Examples Types Type 1: Adjectives and nouns - There’s been heavy rain all day in Ireland - Jake was my big brother and I admired him - His dying was not any big surprise - There’s a high chance I’ll get a high score - I’m under severe pressure to get the job finished this week Type 2: Adverb + Adjective E.g: bitterly disappointed/ perfectly capable/ utterly devoted/ deeply disturbed - It’s vitally important to learn collocations - The baby was fast asleep - Invading that country was an utterly stupid thing to - We entered a richly decorated room Type 3: Noun + Noun E.g: There are a lot of collocations with pattern a(n) of a pang of nostalgia/ a herd of cattle/elephants/goats - I experience a surge of anger when I saw what he’d done - We gave her a round of applause after the speech - Banks get paid retailers each time a debit card is used Type 4: Noun + Verb Or Verb + Nouns E.g: have a party/ take a break /fall pregnant / keep a promise / get married/ miss an opportunity(a chance) - A lion roars, they not shout - The company launched the product in 2019 - I always try to my homework in the morning, after making my bed - He has been asked to give a presentation about his work Type 5: - The movie was highly recommended Adverb + verb - The singer has to apologize publicly for his behavior - The chemical must be thoroughly examined Type 6: Verbs E.g: vaguely remember / fully appreciate / vehemently deny / act and adverbs rashly - She smiled proudly as she looked at the photos of her new grandson - He pulled steadily on the rope and helped her to safety - She placed the beautiful jar gently on the window ledge Type 7: Verbs and expressions with prepositions These verb-prepositional phrases also include phrasal verbs: burst into tears/ run out of money/ swelling with pride - At first her eyes filled with horror, and then she burst into tears - Their behavior was enough to drive anybody to crime An overview of the new 11th English textbook According to the new 11th English textbook program, there are many changes in this new text book in comparison with the old text book There are 10 units in all, in each unit there are sections: Getting started, Language, Reading, Speaking, Listening, Writing, Communication and Culture, Looking back and Project The book contains many urgent and practical topics in today's society and in the future They are about generation gap, relationship, independence, disabilities, ASEAN, health, education, global, warming, heritage site, and so on Each part is also very important for students to understand the topic of the units And in this school year, due to the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic, according to the offload program of the Ministry of Education and Training, students only study main parts: Getting started; Language; and skills: Reading and Writing No matter what they learn, all lessons and skills are related to vocabulary and especially many advanced vocabularies with word combinations known as collocations If students only learn single words, they cannot understand the lessons or the exercises easily Therefore, it is very necessary to direct students to learn collocations so that they can remember vocabulary longer and apply them to exercises and skills Current status of students in learning English vocabulary Being an English teacher at High School, I realized that the students face different problems and that is when learning vocabulary, they make many mistakes in learning a single and discrete vocabulary although most of them look up new words and even write phonetics, or word families but that is not enough Because this is the way, which makes the students easy to forget the words quickly They need to grasp their phrases and the context in which they are used in order to truly understand and remember that vocabulary well For most students, if they not know the meaning of the word, ignore or select at random, or look up the dictionary for each word without rewriting and find some more words related to that main word This way of learning makes it easy for students to forget words if they repeat it next time they not remember and there are some students who still write it down but not classify into groups such as: - Natural words such as: your best, make money, have lunch, chair a meeting, … - idioms: a small potato, catch somebody red-handed, black-and-white, … - fixed phrase: to catch a cold, drug addict, in double-quick time, … - to have a healthy diet: có chế độ ăn uống lành mạnh - to slow down the ageing process: làm chậm trình lão hóa - to follow one’s advice: theo lời khuyên Type 6: Verbs - to increase/rise dramatically: tăng đột ngột and adverbs - to exercise regularly: tập thể dục đặn Type 7: Verbs and expressions with prepositions - to increase the risk of # reduce the risk of : tăng nguy # giảm nguy E.g increase the risk of obesity and heart disease - to protect the body against disease: bảo vệ thể chống lại bệnh tật + Providing application exercises Task 1: Choose the words or phrases in column B with the verbs in column A to have the meaning phrases One verb can be used with more words or phrases A B - prescription medicine practise - natural remedy increase - a work out weaken or boost - doctor’s advice take - healthy food stay - stress consume - yoga and t’ai chi try - life expectancy relieve - immune system 10 follow - healthy - meditation Answer: a work out practise yoga and t’ai chi/ meditation increase life expectancy weaken or boost immune system 37 take prescription medicine stay healthy consume healthy food try natural remedy relieve stress 10 follow doctor’s advice Task 2: Complete the sentences, using the right form of the following words anti-ageing stress-free expectancy remedy cholesterol-free anti-acne stress sugar-free drinks are better for your teeth and general health The development of effective medicines has contributed to the increase in average life _ in some countries In addition to a nutritious diet, a lifestyle can boost your health and increase your life expectancy Some people believe that foods can make them younger An hour of meditation can help you to relieve your _ Home-made masks based on fruits are completely natural and inexpensive People at a higher risk of heart disease should follow a diet My doctor said that these natural _ can boost my immune system Answer: sugar-free expectancy stress anti-acne stress-free cholesterol-free anti-ageing remedies After students have completed 10 lessons, the teacher can ask the students to find words that go with the phrases eg: Verb + Nouns To make /To ./To have ./To take Therefore, it is easy for students to remember collocations they have learned and they can exercises effectively To make the lesson more effective, I used many methods to help students the exercises easily by using software for students to multiple-choice exercises, giving pictures, play kinds of games and giving handouts as well to students However, in the limit of topic, I cannot represent all the methods specifically when teaching students to learn collocations 38 IV THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY Students who first started out with these types of collocations are very confused because the lessons in the new 11th English textbook have a lot of fairly advanced vocabulary Once they have got used to the types of collocations, everything seems to be smoothly to them As a result, from the post-test with collocations in units of the textbook (see appendix 1), students of class 11D2 scored higher than class 11A1 When asked about the difficulty level of the collocations, the students in grade 11D2 said that it was easier because they had the opportunity to become familiar with the types of collocations Moreover, they love learning vocabulary much more, remembering words in context Good study of collocations will help to learn skills effectively Here are the statistics of the two classes Mark Mark Mark Mark Total ≥ 8.5 6.4 ─ 8.4 5.0 ─ 6.4 < 5.0 11A1 student accounting for 17 % students accounting for 24% 13 students accounting for 44% students accounting for 25 % 30 students accounting for 100 % 11D2 20 students accounting for 45% 13 students accounting for 29% students accounting for 16 % students accounting for 10% 45 students accounting for 100 % The table above shows us that the number of students getting excellent and good marks in Grade 11D2 have doubled those in 11A1 The marks around the average level seem to have risen These figures prove that once thoroughly taught, students can perform remarkably better than before C CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS I Meaning of themes for teaching and learning collocations This study gives our teachers more visibility into teaching collocations in English in a more effective way Teachers can choose to adapt them to suit their abilities Therefore, students will feel more excited and the quality of tests will be improved In addition, the students no longer have as many difficulties as before, many of them are able to use collocations to learn any skills and communicate with each other naturally without being interrupted because they know how to use collocations in the cases Students can apply collocations to the exercises and the tests effectively 39 II Experience - Development - Because using collocations is really difficult for all students and even teachers, teachers need to study carefully before planning a lesson and have to change the teaching ways to teach and help the students to overcome difficulties - To gain the success, there have to require the efforts of teachers and pupils while there is still a lack of conditions for teaching equipment Besides, the level, the art of pedagogy and the enthusiasm of the teachers will help them to overcome difficulties - Each of us has to love this subject and study a lot of materials related to skills Through teaching, we must learn to accumulate good experience for ourselves - Through researching the topic, the author can be self-improvement, self-study and find the optimal materials in teaching - This topic can be used to teach all students who want to take exams in order to get the international certificate III Recommendations After analyzing all activities carried out while teaching collocations for students and the results of pupils’ progress, various recommendations should be given as the petitions to the students, the English teachers, the school and Education and Training Department as follow: * For the students: - Watch English movies with subtitles regularly They’ll help you understand English speech and even their accents - Watching TV game shows in English - Use mind map to learn vocabulary by topic - When you learn a new word, write down other words that collocate with it - Read as much as possible Reading is an excellent way to learn vocabulary and collocations in context and naturally Students can read sample essays, newspaper, magazines and fairy tales - Revise what you learn regularly Practise using new collocations in context as soon as possible after learning them - Learn collocations in groups that work for you You could learn them by topic or by a particular word - Find information on collocations in any good learner's dictionary and find specialized dictionaries of collocations - Use English - English dictionary when learning vocabulary 40 - Apply to life: to practice writing and speaking every day to be able to use collocations to widen knowledge * For the teachers: - Have students exercises that contain words that are repeating collocations over and over - Ask students to write them down alphabetically or by topic - Guide students to learn collocations by mind map and by topic - Have a rich vocabulary and have to explain its meaning in English, not Vietnamese - English translation or vice versa - Practice writing and speaking using collocations on a regular basis to be effective - When correcting lessons for students, teachers must explain in detail and clearly * For the school: - Assign classroom teachers and teach all classes in years so that teachers accumulate experience and have instructional direction appropriate to the level of the student - Create conditions for teachers to participate in study and improve their skills, participate fully in the training organized by the Department - Create conditions for students to participate in extracurricular activities, competitions organized by English department - The schools should organize English-speaking competitions (rhetoric) on the subject of study, at least once a year This activity will stimulate students' learning English more * For the Department of Education and Training: - Have a plan for professional training and professional training for teachers more often - Provide more reference material, visual aids for the subject - English competitions are mostly designed in the form of writing: semester exams, 10th grade entrance exams, excellent students, Olympic exams, GCSE exams,… in the following years - Organizing annual seminars on innovating teaching methods because this is an opportunity for teachers to exchange, learn, share experiences about effective teaching methods to improve the quality of lectures - It is advisable to hold English Speaking/Writing Contests or English Olympic Contests so that students have the opportunity to apply their knowledge 41 IV Conclusion Using flexible collocation helps learners to have natural written and spoken language like native speakers, increase efficiency in expression, as well as identify information faster and more accurately One of the most effective ways to learn collocations is to put them in a specific context, and learners should consider applying this method to be able to manipulate collocations correctly Collocations are a fantastic way to bring the excitement of vocabulary building into our classroom They help our students acquire real-world or academic expressions by helping them learn language in chunks, rather than individual words Collocations also encourage students to focus on meaning and context, rather than memorizing endless lists of words and their strict definitions Encourage the learners a little differently by helping them see the world not as individual bits, but as groups of information rich in nuance and understanding With this little study, I hope to provide readers with an overview of collocations and the importance of teaching and learning collocations in improving writing and speaking skills as well as applying to the tests and the national examination However, in difficult timing condition, mistakes are unavoidable Therefore, any suggestions and remarks from colleagues will be highly appreciated 42 D REFERENCES Tiếng Anh 11- Student’s book - Education Publishing House and Pearson Tiếng Anh 11- Work book - Education Publishing House and Pearson Tiếng Anh 11- Teacher’s book - Education Publishing House and Pearson English collocations in use, Intermediate and advanced level by Felicity O’Dell and Michael McCarthy Cambridge University Press Understanding Vocab for IELTS Writing /Understanding Vocab for IELTS Speaking Zim – School of English test Preparation Nhà Xuất Bản Dân Trí 2000 English Collocations and Idioms, Trang Anh – Phạm Thi Kieu Oanh Nhà xuất Khoa học Tự nhiên công nghệ Lewis, M 2000 Teaching collocations London: Language Teaching Publications https://research.ncl.ac.uk/media/sites/researchwebsites/arecls/kuo_vol6.pdf AN ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF COLLOCATION BY INTERMEDIATE EFL COLLEGE STUDENTS https://www.theteflacademy.com/blog/2017/09/common-collocation-problemsfor-efl-learners/ 10 https://www.tuhocielts.vn/tong-hop-collocations-theo-chu-de/ 11 https://thichtienganh.com/175-cau-bai-tap-collocation-co-dap-chi-tiet-chon-locmira-van/ 12 https://ducthangbui.com/collocation/ 13.https://123doc.net//document/1347218-cach-hoc-va-nho-collocations-hieuqua.htm 14.https://www.theteflacademy.com/blog/2018/04/six-activities-to-teach collocations-in-the-efl-classroom/ 15 https://busyteacher.org/6061-10-tips-to-teach-collocations.html 16 Sách tập trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh 11- Hoàng Thị Xuân Hoa (chủ biên) nhiều tác giả - Nhà xuất giáo dục Việt Nam 43 E- APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE COLLOCATIONS FOR STUDENTS ON USING Please tick or circle or write answer where necessary - Age: - Class: - Years of studying English: …………………… Are you interested in learning English? Yes No Do you think vocabulary plays an important role in learning English? a, Very important b, Important c, Normal d, Not very important e, Not important How you feel about learning vocabulary? a, Very interesting b, Interesting c, Normal d, Not very interesting e, Not interesting How you find the difficult level of the vocabulary in the new 11th grade textbook? a, Very difficult b, Difficult c, Normal d, It's not that difficult e, Not difficult Do you understand collocations in English? Tick the answers you think correctly big rain heavy rain Pl-1 make a progress a decision a box be seriously affected great importance Do you think it is important to learn collocations? a, Very important b, Important c, Normal d, Not very important e, Not important Does your teacher often teach you collocations when he/she teaches vocabulary? Always Often Sometimes Never Do you use technology to learn vocabulary? Tick the answers Ipad Smart phone Computer Other technologies: Do you have enough vocabulary? Yes No Pl-2 APPENDIX 2: A MULTIPLE CHOICE EXERCISE TO EVALUATE STUDENT RESULTS Full name: Class: Choose the best answer Most of these students are interested in _undergraduate studies for bachelor's degrees A achieving B getting C receiving D pursuing Experiences at work their knowledge and gradually mature them A help B make C broaden D take The archaeological will last for several years as scholars believe that there are still relics buried in this site A excavations B heritage C nature D geology In China, there are still a lot of _families sharing the same house A extent B extension C extended D extensive Traffic congestion in large cities seems to be an problem A soluble B insoluble C solved D resolved Due to financial conflict over years, they decided to get A proposed B engaged C married D divorced The increased _can be attributed to three main factors: healthier lifestyles, better nutrition, and advances in medical science and technology A life expectancy B ageing process C nutritious diet D stress lifestyle _ is an increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere A climate change B global warming C greenhouse gases D emissions I'm in a _ at the moment A date B relationship C romance D argument 10 You should make a list of things to and _ them if you want to work effectively A B arrange C prioritize D approach 11 Effective skills help you break each project down into the achievable tasks A time-keeping B time – consuming C time- management D Time-line 12 Students with _ impairments may suffer from difficulties with memory, self-expression, information processing, and other learning disabilities A memory B studying C learning D cognitive Pl-3 13 We need to help many students with disabilities to become independent, integrate in the community and success at school A achieve B lose C have D receive 14 The right of every nation is to lead its national existence free from external _ A involvement B prevention C interference D interruption 15 Precisely when the first wheeled chairs were invented and used for persons is unknown A disabled B poor C unhappy D unemployed 16 He has not developed mentally as much as others at the same age He's A mentally alert B mentally ill C mentally retarded D mentally restricted 17 Copenhagen has been voted the most city in the world A ecological friendly B eco- friendly C ecologically soundly D friendly ecologically 18 He suggested playing sports when you're young, or yoga and t'ai chi A doing B taking C following D practising Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions 19 Many city dwellers, especially those in developing countries, still live in poverty A residents B migrants C residers D inhabitants Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions 20 Sometimes, in order to get things done, you have to take the initiative A make the last decision B make important changes C raise the first idea D sacrifice for others Answer: 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.C Pl-4 APPENDIX 3: SOME PICTURES OF STUDENTS ‘S DOING COLLOCATIONS IN CLASS AND ON THE INTERNET THROUGH SOFTWARE Pl-5 Pl-6 Pl-7 Pl-8 ... implement the topic: ? ?SOME EXPERIENCE IN TEACHING STUDENTS TO LEARN COLLOCATIONS IN THE NEW 11th ENGLISH TEXTBOOK? ?? I hope that these experiences contribute to complement and enrich the teaching methods... EDUCATION AND TRAINING LE VIET THUAT HIGH SCHOOL - - TEACHING EXPERIENCE Topic: Some experience in teaching students to learn collocations in the new 11th English textbook Subject: English Writer:... needed to learn more to improve their English use From these findings, I would like to share some experience on teaching collocations of units in the new 11th English textbook in order to facilitate