SKKN APPLYING WORDWALL AS a TOOL TO TEACH IDIOMS AND PHRASAL VERBS FOR THE 12th GRADE STUDENTS

NGHE AN DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING =====  ===== TEACHING EXPERIENCE APPLYING WORDWALL AS A TOOL TO TEACH IDIOMS AND PHRASAL VERBS FOR THE 12th GRADE STUDENTS Subject: English School Year: 2021 -2022 NGHE AN DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THANH CHUONG HIGH SCHOOL =====  ===== TEACHING EXPERIENCE APPLYING WORDWALL AS A TOOL TO TEACH IDIOMS AND PHRASAL VERBS FOR THE 12th GRADE STUDENTS Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hằng Subject: English Telephone number: 0973559382 School Year: 2021 -2022 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART A INTRODUCTION I REASON FOR TEACHING EXPERIENCE 1 The neccessity of applying Wordwall in teaching idioms and phrasal verbs Some difficulties of teaching and learning idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12th grade students II THE INNOVATION OF THE TEACHING EXPERIENCE III PURPOSES OF TEACHING EXPERIENCE IV METHODS OF THE STUDY V SCOPE OF THE STUDY PART B CONTENTS Chapter Theoretical and practical background I Theoretical background What is Wordwall application? Overview application of Wordwall The importance of Wordwall on learning process The importance of phrasal verbs and idioms The benefits applying Wordwall to teach phrasal verbs and idioms 11 II Practical background 12 Factual problem 12 Solutions 13 Experiments 14 Chapter THE TECHNIQUES 15 I Material preparation 15 The teacher: 15 The students 15 II General procedure of playing games: 16 For teacher: 16 For the students: 18 Chapter 3: ILLUSTRATIONS 19 I SAMPLE TEACHING ACTIVITIES 19 Sample 1: PHRASAL VERBS 19 1.1 ACTIVITY 1: Open the box 19 1.2 ACTIVITY 2: QUIZ 23 1.3 ACTIVITY 3: GAME SHOW 26 Sample 2: IDIOMS 30 2.1: ACTIVITY 1: AIRPLANE 30 2.2: ACTIVITY 2: MATCH UP 33 II SAMPLE PRACTICING ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS AT HOME 36 SAMPLE 1: PHRASAL VERBS 36 SAMPLE 2: IDIOMS 40 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND EVALUATION 43 The results of pre – test and post- test 43 The test results analysis 44 Comparisons between pre – survey questionaires and post – survey questionaires 45 Experiment’s effect 47 Chapter 5: Some images were taken in classes which were applied Wordwall to teach idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12th graders 48 Images of some classes when I did not apply Wordwall in teaching 48 Images of classes: 12A3, 12D2, 12D5, and 12B when I apply Wordwall to teach English, especially idioms and phrasal verbs 49 Images of students eargerly take part in the activities of Wordwall when the teacher interact directly 51 Images of teacher who controls and instructs students to use and some activities in class 53 Images of students discussing in group works 53 PART C CONCLUSION 55 I Procedure 55 II Significance 55 III Suggestions 56 For teachers 56 For the students 56 IV References: 58 APPENDIX 59 APPENDIX 62 APPENDIX 65 PART A INTRODUCTION I REASON FOR TEACHING EXPERIENCE The neccessity of applying Wordwall in teaching idioms and phrasal verbs Most of the countries in the world have been fighting the invisible enemy, which is called Covid - 19 It considers as a dangerous disease that threatens human beings Due to its dangers on human life and its fast spread all over the world, most of the countries went to lockdown The governments of most countries required to lockdown malls, super markets, stadium, theaters, educational institutions and so on Therefore, the world began to use technology extensively, not only the ICT tools such as applications, websites, YouTube channels, webinars, and many others are all been used during the Covid-19 pandemic These tools enable teachers to creat the lessons and upload the teaching materials on their shool websites, whereas the students can use different applications such as Zoom, Google Meet, Microsoft Team, etc During this crisis, the teachers start to organize webinars extensively, and students can join any webinar by one of the applications The students exploit their time by attending webinars on different subjects One of the best things in the motivation of learners to study more, I think that Wordwall is a suitable application for students to learn more effective Moreover, English is one of the international languages which been used all over the world It considers the means of communication and learning as well Integrate ICT with the teaching and learning methodology is a vital step toward the improvement of teaching and learning strategies So, apply some applications such as Kahoot, Quizzi, and especially Wordwall is getting a lot of effectiveness in teaching and learning English in the recent time Besides, Technology has been used for various purposes in indicate that education is the backbone of any society and one of the essential factors for building any nation Due to the importance of education in our life, technology has been applying in the Teaching and learning process Information communication technology (ICT) has been used in education during the 21 century Most of the governments included ICT as one of the curricula in education It considers the modern methods which help in the growth of higher thinking capabilities The ICT tools regard an essential which have been used in every classroom It helps in enhancing the quality of education for the teachers and the students as well As we know, to grade 12th students, idioms and phrasal verbs learning is especially important because they appear in the entrance test papers Many idioms and phrasal verbs exist in reading passages that may prevent them from reading comprehension Some idioms and phrasal verbs appear in some separate questions Therefore, to get high scores in the final exams to get GCSE certificate and to win a place in the universities, students have to get a good knowledge of idioms and phrasal verbs as well The purpose of this experience is to give out some positive effects of Wordwall‟s activities about idioms and phrasal verbs to students‟ learning process These effects include level of students‟ engagement, language acquisition and logical thinking It also has the best effects on doing the test papers in the national examination Some difficulties of teaching and learning idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12th grade students First of all, phrasal verbs and idioms are considered as a problematic area for wide sector of EFL learners in secondary schools The meaning of the phrasal verbs and idioms is often very different from the meanings of the two words taken separately In order to understand the meaning of a phrasal verb and an idiom, one may have to refer to the dictionary Most of the students at high school find it challenging to use idioms and phrasal verbs in communication and to deal with the questions relating to them The author has conducted some pieces of interview to have a close look to the difficulties that teachers and students have to face when teaching and learning idioms and phrasal verb for the 12th grade students The second one, teaching phrasal verbs and idioms is a difficult area Many studies have proved that contextualization has an important positive effect on the ability of the students to decipher the correct meaning of a phrasal verb or an idiom There is no specified way or a programmed manner in which a student can learn all the phrasal verbs and idioms as well The only way to acquire such knowledge is byextensive reading and listening” (Al-Sibai, 2003) As proposed by Cornell (1985), phrasal verbs and idioms are notably essential to comprehend and communicate with native speakers since they are commonly used in spoken and informal written language EFL learners may find it difficult to understand and use phrasal verbs and idioms so they tend to avoid using them Furthermore, phrasal verbs and idioms are considered one of most important tool of vocabularies acquisition; and all EFL students must get familiar with them to be fluent in English language Unfortunately; almost all EFL learners never consider phrasal verbs and idioms and tend to avoid them in their everyday and academic use Last but not least, phrasal verbs and idioms are one of the most difficult areas for learners and teachers alike, especially in an ES/EFL context Yet, it is a very fruitful feature to help communicate effectively and help students to get good marks in the examination Therefore, applying appropriate teaching approach need to be considered to reduce learners‟ frustration and to promote their understanding and their use of phrasal verbs and idioms As a result, Wordwall is a nescessity app to teach phrasal verbs and idioms more effectively Therefore, in my teaching experience, I would like to recommend this method to help students to improve the using of phrasal verbs and idioms in English, especially for 12th graders: “Applying Wordwall as a tool to teach idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12th grade students” However, this study can‟t be perfect in limited time Therefore, I hope that the colleagues‟ contribution will make it more perfect II THE INNOVATION OF THE TEACHING EXPERIENCE In the span of ten years have witnessed a revolutionary change in the Information Technology and have also changed the way of working for various IT companies This rapid rise in technology has offered a better design to explore the new teaching model As a matter of fact, technology plays a vital role in English language & Teaching (ELT) Technology has enabled teachers to adapt to various classroom activities, hence enhancing or encouraging the English learning process Learning the English language is not a piece of cake, especially idioms and phrasal verbs, you really have to work hard for it Information technology may assist as the real educational structure allowing learners to learn English in a totally different way Besides, technology is an effective tool for learners Learners must use technology as a significant part of their learning process Teachers should model the use of technology to support the curriculum so that learners can increase the true use of technology in learning their language skills The selection of Wordwall applications in the development of learning media is due to the wonderful features found in Wordwall applications such as open the box, random wheel, flip tiles, matching, game show quiz, maze chase, ect… that will attract the attention of students, ranging from early childhood education, basic education, secondary education, and higher education Particularly, the 12th grade students, who are too stressful with a lot of work in many subjects at high school Wordwall can help me to create many interesting lessons in order to motivate students to learn more for their exams The idea of applying Wordwall applications in teaching and learning process has attracted the considerable interest of many educators as well as teachers in over around the world for a long time However, in Vietnam the exploitation of potential of Wordwall in teaching idioms and phrasal verbs lessons seem to be very limited, particularly some mountainous areas like my location Recently, Wordwall application seems to be one of the most effective solutions for learners‟ engagement, motivation for language acquisition as well as logical thinking With an increasing degree of complexity, it is highly vital to promote deep learning Therefore, applying wordwall in teaching idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12 graders has been becoming more and more facilitation today III PURPOSES OF TEACHING EXPERIENCE The aims of this study are: - To give out a brief overview on Wordwall applications created by information teachnology - To discuss the best way to teach English 12, especially idioms and phrasal verbs - To give some lectures samples to teach idioms and phrasal verbs by using Wordwall applications - To design some activities with Wordwall about idioms and phrasal verbs for teaching online as well as teaching offline - To propose some suggestions and recommendations to attract students‟ attention in learning English - To reduce students‟ stress and pressure in English lessons of idioms and phrasal verbs - To produce a dynamic and stimulating environment by using Wordwall IV METHODS OF THE STUDY To complete my study, I draw from experience from my own teaching, especially in teacing for 12th grade students I also consult a lot of documents and my colleagues about their teaching experiences Moreover, I carry out surveys among grade 12 students I also use comparative methods (Compare the differences between my colleagues‟ periods and mine, compare the differences of the periods before and after application) V SCOPE OF THE STUDY The study was going to be investigated at Thanh Chuong High School for mixlevel students of grade 12 Due to the limitation of time, only four classes 12A3,12B, 12D2 and 12D5 were asked to participate in the study PART B CONTENTS Chapter Theoretical and practical background I Theoretical background What is Wordwall application? Wordwall is a free online tool for creating learning activities With this tool, teachers can enter the topic that they would like to cover in class into the Wordwall and receive a variety of ready-made, fully customisable activities such as quizzes, word games, maze chases and much more You also can create your own activity from scratch Moreover, the majority of activities on Wordwall can be used in both interactive and printable formats Therefore, Wordwall is popuplar with a lot of teacher on over the world Wordwall is a quick and easy to use tool to create interactive activities for your class This tool offers a wide variety of activities to choose from and makes learning much more fun Moreover, it is available in many different languages A drawback is that with the free account one can only create up to activity types After that, you will have to delete activities to create new ones Overview application of Wordwall a Interactives and printables Wordwall can be used to create both interactive and printable activities Most of our templates are available in both an interactive and a printable version - Interactives are played on any web-enabled device, like a computer, tablet, phone or interactive whiteboard They can be played individually by students, or be teacher-led with students taking turns at the front of the class So, it is useful for both teacher and students in teaching and learning Englis every day - Printables can be printed out directly or downloaded as a PDF file They can be used as a companion to the interactive or as stand-alone activities It is convenient for teacher to prepare the lesson if the network doesn‟t run good enough b Create using templates Our activities are created using a template system There are a lot of templates for teachers to create the lesson These templates include familiar classics like Quiz and Crossword We also have arcade style games like Maze Chase and Airplane, and there are classroom management tools such as Seating plan To make a new activity you start by selecting your template and then enter your content It's easy and means you can create a fully interactive activity in a only a couple of minutes Images of students eargerly take part in the activities of Wordwall when the teacher interact directly 51 52 Images of teacher who controls and instructs students to use and some activities in class Images of students discussing in group works 53 54 PART C CONCLUSION I Procedure This study was carried out with the aim to investigate the effects of applying Wordwall to teach idioms and phrasal verbs for 12th graders, their result in doing exercises and many activities have a lot of progress The data was collected from survey questionnaires, the pre-test and post-test According to data analysis Wordwall were not only had positive effects on students‟ attitudes towards learning idioms and phrasal verbs but also greatly enhanced learners‟ participation and their proficiency in the final tests All of the participant highly appreciated this technique of teaching, they also showed their willingness and enthusiasm in each activity Although there were some current difficulties for the teachers to apply Wordwall such as network connection and lack of the electric devices like laptops or smartphones, I agreed that this method made a great contribution to my efficient lessons and I will use it frequently not only in teaching idioms and phrasal verbs but also in any other language skills and language elements I also feel very glad when seeing students become more confident in communicating in English and interested in receiving knowledge which is used in different game modes such as Cross Word, Maze, Gameshow Quiz, Airplane, ect… Moreover, the students always eargerly take part in the lessons and get higher marks in the test Although idioms and phrasal verbs are difficult topics, when I apply Wordwall in teaching makes them remember the words easily In addition, students have the opportunity to work in groups, pairs and comment on each other's work, thus developing collaborative capacity, communication capacity, self-learning ability, problem solving competence capacity to use language effectively Therefore, it also helps teachers and learners access to the trend of teaching in the new high school program, which is aiming at developing new people who have the ability and qualities to meet the development of society II Significance As I mention above, learning English idioms and phrasal verbs through Wordwall is one effective and interesting way that can be applied in any classrooms The results of my research suggest that Using Wordwall seem to offer an alternative teaching approach compared to traditional lectures to engage to students for better and enhance learning experience There are some difficulties in using this app, but the benefits of applying Wordwall outstand the challenges It is recommended that Wordwall should be used in teaching English to motivate students in all of the lessons, especially difficult topics like idioms and phrasal verbs 55 In my point of view, when I apply Wordwall to teach idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12th graders, I feel happy because my students are eagerly to learn, they have waited for my lessons and enjoy it everyday Their test scores they got are becoming better and better The students are motivated by the vivid activities that Wordwall brings to them Therefore, I find myself more motivative and energetic to innovate my lessons more exciting and interesting than before It is recommended that Wordwall should be used in teaching as the app is really friendly, highly interactive, increase engagement and monitor student progress in real time Lectures should explore more with Wordwall so that it can be incorporated in teaching to create a meaningful learning experience Not only can we apply these games to teach idioms and phrasal verbs of English 12 but we also can use them to teach English in any classrooms, even for other subjects III Suggestions For teachers It is undeniable that applying Wordwall to teach idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12 graders is really good for students and gives a lot benefits for them Because of these immense benefits of Wordwall, the teachers should use Wordwall as a source of teaching methods to create more interesting activities for English classes If the teachers want to apply Wordwall in teaching, they should take into consideration when designing the exercise for students th The first, teachers have to learn how to use this app perfectly It is required that they should know how to design the games, explore the new materials for students to learn, examine their students‟ results as well as set assignments for students to learn every day The second, the teachers should monitor the students‟ working by remind them regularly It is necessary that teachers encourage students to have better preparation of background knowledge of the topic before conducting the lessons The more they prepare, the better the lesson is Last but not least, the electronic devices play the most important role in learning English with Wordwall The school should install the wifi network, TVs, projectors and computers for teaching and learning English every day However, teacher should remember that strict rules will make the lessons successful Teacher controls and monistors the class strictly in order that the students can not playing other games online in the Wordwall lessons For the students 56 Students should aware that learning English idioms and phrasal verbs are essential for them because idioms and phrasal verbs play a crucial role in the tests as well as daily communication Furthermore, in teaching process the students play an important part in success and effectiveness of the lessons So, it is required that all of students should be self – aware of importance of learning English as well as other subjects They should also need to know how to use idioms and phrasal verbs in daily life, which makes it necessary to know about their idiomatic field and contexts in which they are used In conclusion, the activities are used in teaching idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12 graders have come from the reference and my own teaching experience Whenever I use Wordwall in my teaching I could see the excitement on my students‟ faces Moreover, this teaching experience brings a lot of motivation to my students So, I think it is a good method for every teacher in teaching idioms, phrasal verbs and other skills This paper is only my suggestions, you can create a suitable one for your own class you will see how helpful it is Furthermore, my study is focused only on my classes which I teach in my school, I think it still has a lot of shotages and I would like other teachers will have further research to make this technique more perfective th 57 IV REFERENCES: https://www.wordwall.net/ http://repository.iainpare.ac.id/970/1/13.1300.076.pdf 3.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348488700_Information_Technology_i n_ELT_English_Learning_and_Teaching The Importance of English Phrasal Verbs Use in the Business Writing-A Qualitative Analysis of Perceptions of Non-native Business Students in Pakistan Ms.Nayyab Mufti Zohaib Bahria University (BULC) How to Teach Phrasal Verbs Using Conceptual Metaphors - Daniel Thom Western Oregon University, dthom13@mail.wou.edu file:///C:/Users/John/Downloads/1402-Article%20Text-4921-1-1020210826%20(3).pdf Tài liệu ôn thi THPT quốc gia: http://www.taisachonthi.com/2021/08/sachtong-on-ngu-phap-6-tieng-anh-trang-anh-pdf.html 58 APPENDIX THE PRE – TEST Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences Question 1: If you don‟t to miss the , you‟ll have to go to the interview early A car B boat C bus D bike Question 2: That Zara dress I bought last year is really a elephant A white B old C black D grey Question 3: We can‟t go on a holiday this summer because we are flat A broken B breaking C broke D break Question 4: He tries to finish the work until the hours A wee B early C late D night Question 5: In order to get high scores at the entrance of the exam, Mike keeps his nose to the A back B grindstone C rock D teeth Question 6: I always want to go off the beaten track as I get feet A itchy B fast C quick D slow Question 7: She sometimes her peers in the back A stabs B lets C makes D does Question 8: When my mother watches horror films, she always out in a cold sweat A bears B breaks C brings D takes Question 9: He is an intelligent person but always shoots himself in the A feet B legs C foot D ears Question 10: I know you don‟t want to take out another loan, but it will time until the new factory comes online A sell B buy C tell D say Question 11: The news of his acceptance knocked everybody _ A out B over C by D up 59 Question 12: The tickets for the prom were _within three hours of going on sale A nailed down B eked out C snapped up D glossed over Question 13: I have been _all day trying to get this work finished A slaving away B lying about C consisting in D blowing up Question 14: We should end it now The dispute has _for months A turned around B brought about C dragged on D stamped on Question 15: True education does not _simply being taught to remember the facts A tick off B consist in C squirrel away D swot up on Question 16: My speech was okay but I just hope I didn‟t _as soon as I got to the podium A dry out B dry away C dry up D dry over Question 17: Rudy was really opposed to the idea at the start, but we managed to talk him _in the end A over B round C down D across Question 18: The Minister was shouted _ by protestors angry at the government‟s proposals A round B on C down D out Question 19: We were walking through the woods when we chanced _a trap set by hunters A over B down C across D upon Question 20: The new law has thrown _a number of problems for farmers that weren‟t expected A out B up C off D with Question 21: After Susan joined the Marketing team as General manager, it was a new ball game A total B whole C overall D average Question 22: When I see my boyfriend, I make a for him A way B chance C beeline D line 60 Question 23: When he proposed me, I was out of my A depth B breath C width D height Question 24: Whenever I get into trouble, my ex-husband is willing to me a good A hand B helping C support D turn Question 25: “Absence makes your heart grow “ A better B fonder C softer D broken Question 26: He laughs best who laughs A end B finally C last D lastly Question 27: She is not beautiful but a kind girl Many people usually say that: “Beauty is only deep” A skin B shirt C sweater D dress Question 28: You should take action now in lieu of talking all day because easier said than A doing B done C made D making Question 29: All of us shouldn‟t give up as while there‟s life, there‟s A doubt B willingness C breath D hope Question 30: Would you take it if I told you I thought you look lovely? I was afraid you‟d take it in the wrong way A amiss B account C consideration D granted 61 APPENDIX THE POST – TEST Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences Question 1: The new production of Othello is very ambitious and extremely interesting, but somehow it doesn‟t quite _ A come round B come through C come out D come off Question 2: The local amateur dramatic group are going to _a play by Wilder A make up B show up C put on D take up Question 3: All the seats in the theatre were _weeks before the first performance A sold on B sold out C sold off D sold up Question 4: The actors have to _before they appear in front of the strong lights on stage A cover up B up C make up D paint up Question 5: I don‟t really _winter sports very much A deal with B face up to C go in for D get round to Question 6: Following years of intense training, the accomplished athlete _the medal triumphantly A took off B went off C ran off D carried off Question 7: Because of heavy rain, the game was put _for a few days A up B out C off D away Question 8: The press thought the football manager would be depressed by his dismissal but he just _ A called off B laughed off C turned it down D ran it down Question 9: The champion won the boxing match by a _in the fourth round A put out B knock out C hit out D black out Question 10: The ex-champion was hit so hard that it took him five minutes to _ A come round B come up C come on D come over Question 11: After being in the leadership position for more than a decade, it‟ll be tough for him to a back seat 62 A take B occupy C make D Question 12: Corruption in the police force is rampant, but authorities are turning a eye A fake B deaf C blind D blank Question 13: One of the main reasons for his success in business is that he keeps an to the ground to know what the customers want and why they‟re dissatisfied with competing products A eye B ear C egg D eagle Question 14: Our scientists are breaking new in robotics and cancer research A ground B strategy C challenge D plan Question 15: The plant decided to close the on water shortage A knit B doors C hands D gossips Question 16: The architects poured water on the plan to build another church A hot B warm C chilly D cold Question 17: The case to a head when he signed this contract A came B made C pointed D reached Question 18: There is no cure for this infection You‟ll have to let it its course A run B walk C stay D go Question 19: He had to face the because of going out at night without dad‟s permission A trouble B music C fact D problem Question 20: He moved heaven and to get the highest scores in the last exam A effort B sky C earth D heart Question 21: Peter has hit the with his new kinds of milk made from nuts sales have tripled A book B hay C deadline D jackpot Question 22: We‟ll give it our best shots to save you from the robbers but now you must your tongue A keep B hold C maintain D breathe 63 Question 23: I poured my to my ex-husband about his new marriage A heart B water C love D mouth Question 24: Although I graduated from economic university, I my pride to work as a waiter to earn living for year till I found a new job A chewed B took C swallowed D digested Question 25: High crude oil prices have put many airlines the ropes A on B under C bottom D in Question 26: The government can no longer shut his to growing pollution arising from stubble burning A attention B eye C mouth D influence Question 27: Experts had to their words on the impending doom of abc.com when the fledgling ecommerce website turned in an unexpected profit A swallow B chew C digest D eat Question 28: I‟ll paint the town red with my husband after putting my son to A sleep B asleep C bed D carriage Question 29: This apartment has changed so many times since its first buying in 2007 A midstream B hands C host D fingers Question 30: My wife promised to eat like a - to get lean, but she has hardly lost any weight A bird B horse C pig D dog 64 APPENDIX PRE- and - POST QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STUDENTS This survey is aimed to investigate the effects of wordwall in teaching idioms and phrasal verbs for the 12th graders This questionnaire will be used for academic research, and the result may be used for the purposes stated above, not for any others Thanks for your cooperation! Vui lòng chọn đáp án mà em thấy với thân Câu 1: Em thấy thành ngữ cụm động từ có khó với hay khơng? a khó b khó c khơng khó d dễ Câu 2: Em có thấy thành ngữ cụm động hữu ích thú vị hay không? a thú vị b thú vị c không thú vị d nhàm chán Câu 3: Em có thích ứng dụng Wordwall khơng? a thích b thích c khơng thích d.hầu khơng Câu 4: Em có muốn tham gia tiết học có sử dụng Wordwall khơng? a muốn b muốn c khơng muốn d hồn tồn khơng 65 ... to have a close look to the difficulties that teachers and students have to face when teaching and learning idioms and phrasal verb for the 12th grade students The second one, teaching phrasal. .. samples to teach idioms and phrasal verbs by using Wordwall applications - To design some activities with Wordwall about idioms and phrasal verbs for teaching online as well as teaching offline - To. .. and idioms and tend to avoid them in their everyday and academic use Last but not least, phrasal verbs and idioms are one of the most difficult areas for learners and teachers alike, especially