Effect of electron beam on quality and postharvest diseases of thai mango

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY PHAM THI THU HANG TOPIC TITLE: EFFECT OF ELECTRON BEAM ON QUALITY AND POSTHARVEST DISEASES OF THAI MANGO BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full – time Major: Food Technology Faculty: Biotechnology and Food Technology Batch: 2014 – 2018 Thai Nguyen, 28/06/2018 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY PHAM THI THU HANG TOPIC TITLE: EFFECT OF ELECTRON BEAM ON QUALITY AND POSTHARVEST DISEASES OF THAI MANGO BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full – time Major: Food Technology Faculty: Biotechnology and Food Technology Batch: 2014 – 2018 Advisor: Assoc Prof Dr Pongphen Jitareerat Dr Kanlaya Sripong Msc Nguyen Trung Truc Dr Luong Hung Tien Thai Nguyen, 28/06/2018 i DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Major Food Technology Student name Pham Thi Thu Hang Student ID DTN 1453170052 Thesis Title Effect of Electron Beam on quality and postharvest diseases of Thai mango Assoc Prof Dr Pongphen Jitareerat Supervisors Dr Kanlaya Sripong Msc Nguyen Trung Truc Dr Luong Hung Tien Abstract: “Nam Dok Mai Si Thong” is one of the most popular mango varieties in Thailand, which has the potential to become a major export mango in this country However, also the same other mango varieties, “Nam Dok Mai” mango is also easily catches postharvest diseases and has short shelf-life And this has given the big postharvest and economic losses for this fruit Thus, this research is to study the effect of E-beam on quality to extend shelf-life and delay postharvest diseases to “Nam Dok Mai Si Thong” mango Fruits were irradiated at dose 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kGy, then stored at 13oC for 16 day and evaluated at days 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 Nonirradiated mangoes served as controls E-Beam irradiation has potential delayed the ripening process through the values of firmness, respiration rate, ethylene production, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids E-Beam at dose of 0.5 kGy has the lowest weight loss, but 1.0 kGy delay the ripening progress of mango is best E-Beam irradiation up to 2.0 kGy doesn’t effect on Total Ascobic acid content E-Beam at dose of 0.5 kGy sample improve the quality of mango, enhanced control postharvest diseases on mango Summary, Electron beam irradiation of “Nam Dok Mai Si Thong” mangoes at 0.5 kGy is the recommended treatment to maintain the overall fruit quality attributes, extend shelf-life and delay postharvest diseases ii Keywords: Electron Beam irradiation, “Nam Dok Mai Si Thong” mango, quality, antioxidant, plant defense enzyme Number of pages: 22 Date of Submission: 28/06/2018 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To completed this bachelor thesis, in addition to my own efforts, I have received great encouragement and help from many individuals and groups during the internship since December 18th, 2017 to May 27th, 2018 Firstly, I would like to express my gratitude to the both of my supervisors Assoc Prof Dr Pongphen Jitareerat, Dr Kanlaya Sripong, Msc Nguyen Trung Truc from School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand and Dr Luong Hung Tien from Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF), Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam, who help and give me the best conditions to complete the bachelor thesis Special thank goes to the Postharvest Technology Laboratory members for motivating and teaching me about lab research works Moreover, I would like to thank my family, my friends for supporting me as an internship at KMUTT I sincerely thank all lecturers at Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology, TUAF, I also thank the Vietnamese students and my friends in Thailand for helping me during this internship iv CONTENTS PAGE DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iv CONTENTS v LIST OF FIGURES vii LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ix INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Hypothesis 1.3 Research objectives .3 PART METHODOLOGY 2.1 Material and equipment .4 2.1.1 Mango sample preparation 2.1.2 Equipment .4 2.2 Method 2.2.1 Storage and sampling 2.2.2 Analytical parameters 2.2.2.1 Quality .5 2.2.2.1.1 Change of color 2.2.2.1.3 Firmness .5 2.2.2.1.4 Respiration rate and ethylene production 2.2.2.1.5 Total soluble solids (TSS) 2.2.2.2 Antioxidants 2.2.2.2.1 Total Ascorbic acid content determination 2.2.2.2.2 Total Phenolic compounds determination 2.2.2.3 Plant defense enzyme .7 2.2.2.3.1 Assays of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) activity 2.2.2.3.2 Assays of β-1,3-glucanase and Chitinase activities v 2.2.2.3.3 Assays of Peroxidase enzyme activity .8 2.2.2.3.4 Protein content 2.2.2.4 Data processing .9 PART 10 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 10 3.1 Quality 10 3.1.1 Color change 10 3.1.1.1 Color change of peel 10 3.1.1.2 Color change of pulp 11 3.1.2 Weight loss 12 3.1.3 Firmness .12 3.1.4 Respiration rate and ethylene production 13 3.1.4.1 Respiration rate 14 3.1.4.2 Ethylene production .15 3.1.5 Titratable acidity .16 3.1.6 Total soluble solids 17 3.2 Antioxidant .17 3.2.1 Total Ascorbic acid content .17 3.2.2 Total Phenolic compounds 18 3.3 Plant defense enzyme 19 3.3.1 Phenylalanine Ammonia Lysae (PAL) activity 19 3.3.2 β-1,3-Glucanase 20 3.3.3 Chitinase 21 3.3.4 Peroxidase enzyme 21 PART 22 CONCLUSION 22 REFERENCES 23 Journal 23 vi LIST OF FIGURES FIGURES PAGE Figure 3.1 Effect of E-beam on Respiration rate of mango during storage at 13oC Non-treated E-beam fruits were used as the control 14 Figure 3.2 Effect of E-beam on Ethylene production of mango during storage at 13oC Non-treated E-beam fruits were used as the control 15 Figure 3.3 Effect of E-beam on Total soluble solids of mango during storage at 130C Non-treated E-beam fruits were used as the control 17 Figure 3.4 Effect of E-beam on Phenolic compounds of mango during storage at 13oC Non-treated E-beam fruits were used as the control 18 Figure 3.5 Effect of E-beam on PAL activity of mango fruit during storage at 13oC Non-treated E-beam fruits were used as the control 20 Figure 3.6 Effect of E-beam on β-1,3-Glucanase activity of mango during storage at 13oC Non-treated E-beam fruits were used as the control 21 vii LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE Table 3.1 Effect of E-beam on Color parameter of mango peel during storage at 13oC .10 Table 3.2 Effect of E-beam on Color parameter of mango pulp during storage at 13oC .11 Table 3.3 Effect of E-beam on Weight loss of mango during storage at 13oC 12 Table 3.4 Effect of E-beam on Firmness of mango during storage at 13oC 13 Table 3.5 Effect of E-beam on Titratable acidity of mango during storage at 13oC 16 Table 3.6 Effect of E-beam on Vitamin C content of mango during storage at 13oC 18 viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS E-Beam Electron Beam ppm Part Per Million mg Milligram g Gram µL Microliter mL Milliliter M Mol mM Millimolar Hr Hour Min Minute rpm Revolutions Per Minute a* Redness (+red, -green) b* Yellowness (+yellow, -blue) L* Lightness nm Nanometer U Units TSS Total soluble solids TA Titratable acidity AA Ascorbic acid PAL Phenylalanine ammonia lyase PVPP Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone PPO Polyphenol oxidase PAs Polyamines ROS Reactive oxygen species SAM S-Adenosyl methionine ACC Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase ix ... information on the impact of E-beams irradiation on antioxidants and postharvest diseases of Thai mango Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the effect of E -beam on quality and postharvest. .. Effect of E -beam on Weight loss of mango during storage at 13oC 12 Table 3.4 Effect of E -beam on Firmness of mango during storage at 13oC 13 Table 3.5 Effect of E -beam on Titratable acidity of mango. . .THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY PHAM THI THU HANG TOPIC TITLE: EFFECT OF ELECTRON BEAM ON QUALITY AND POSTHARVEST DISEASES OF THAI MANGO BACHELOR