Tài liệu Prey to Thievery docx

[...]... may seem to the average observer as minor changes to the Copyright Act have significant impacts on commercial and non-profit sectors, from broadcasting to education A decision to apply a new royalty fee to broadcasters, for example, to compensate performers and producers of sound recordings, makes a winner out of the recording industry and a loser out of broadcasting In this way, each decision to amend... Canada (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989), 94 8 Franks, 93; A Paul Pross, Group Politics and Public Policy (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1992), 81; Interest Groups and Parliament (Ottawa: Canadian Study of Parliament Group, 1990), 15 6 Cabinet phase moves the policy issue into a parliamentary, and often more politicized setting This phase involves sending the policy framework to a parliamentary... the whole principle of copyright into question, asking to what degree copyright should extend into the digital age The digital environment has brought forward great opportunities for the public—as the new creators and distributors of independent content—but it has also spurred traditional copyright stakeholders, such as the recording industry, to call on governments to rein in control and regulate the... the user lobby to challenge the rights holders The public has great potential to be mobilized as a new constituency in copyright reform Unlike CRIA, the user lobby may not have had access to a minister, but it may read the bureaucracy’s resistance to maximalist copyright reform as a signal to present its arguments to policy makers more often and with more vigour The government’s approach to copyright... P2P networks as an infringement It was necessary to CRIA’s strategy that this right come into place next to the Copyright Act’s existing statutory damages provision This provision sets a statutory minimum penalty for copyright infringement and would allow the recording industry to sue file sharers for a minimum of $500 per song distributed, amounting to million-dollar lawsuits This was just one of CRIA’s... governments to respond by restoring their control over content, but this would come as a risk and detriment to emerging competitors and public freedoms in the digital age In the digital environment, for example, content companies can use so-called “digital locks,” or technological controls, to restrict access, copying and certain uses of digital works, and they argue that these technological controls need 3 to. .. and owners of content, not “creators” as in writers, software programmers and artists In fact the views of creators often diverge from the content lobby The Creators Rights Alliance, for example, was formed in 2002 precisely for this reason See Canadian New Media, “Creators form new alliance to make voice heard on copyright, trade issues,” 1 May 2002, 6; for more on “creators” versus “users” see Teresa... government to move forward with a copyright-heavy legislative package Instead of tabling a strong-headed bill to follow the U.S example, the Canadian government chose to bring forward legislation to meet the minimum requirements of the WIPO Internet treaties This was a significant, and in some ways, surprising loss for CRIA Although the bill would have provided CRIA with the legal tools to carry out... attributed to file-sharing CRIA, for instance, has said that, in Canada, sales amounted $1.3 billion in 1999 but by the end of 2001 had declined $300 million to $1.02 billion.15 Although scholars dispute the degree to which file-sharing has impacted CD sales, and there is little evidence to suggest a significant cause and effect,16 the lesson to be learned for the recording industry was not how to save... prepared to release their own distribution systems amid allegations of collusion and anticompetitive behaviour The U.S Department of Justice launched an investigation into the recording companies after critics alleged that the majors refused to license their catalogues to other distribution systems and blocked competitors from participating in the development of their own models.21 They went on to unveil