Tài liệu Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration docx

DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:33—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:33—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:33—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:33—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:33—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:33—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:33—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 Dedication This book is dedicated to Stephanie J Greisler (posthumously) and Katherine N Stupak With special thanks to the U.S team of Brenda Adams, York College of Pennsylvania, and Julie Spadaro, project editor at Taylor & Francis; and Doug Barry and Paula Lane at Alden Prepress in the U.K DK3654—PRELIMS——17/10/2006—15:34—TRGANESH—XML MODEL C – pp 1–15 846 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration missile technology sales to Iran, 261–263 Libya, 266 North Korea, 264–266 Pakistan, 258–259 Syria, 266 nuclear cooperation, Pakistan, 257–258 technology sales, ring magnets, Pakistan, 256–258 weapons, sales to North Korea, 264–266 U.S Government defense policy and, 267–269 economic controls and, 269–273 capital markets, 270–271 export controls, 272 exportation of satellites, 269 import controls, 271–272 nuclear cooperation agreement, 271 sanctions, 269–270 foreign policy and, 267–269 counter-terrorism campaign, 267–268 export control assistance, 268 summit meetings, 267 Taiwan links issues, 268–269 policy and, arms control, 272–273 nonproliferation agreements, 272–273 weapons of mass destruction nuclear technology sales Iran, 259–261 Pakistan, 256–258 policy issues, 252–273 proliferation of, 255–256 Clinton administration, online privacy protection and, 304–305 Collapse, civilization and creation of shadow systems, 32–33 end of global management, 32 forces of internal breakdown, 27–31 Tainter, Joseph, 26 technology and, 25–31 Commercial satellite exports, 73 Commercialization, federally funded R & D and, 50–53 Communications and information technologies (ICT), 616–617 death of distance, 616–617 distance, impact of, 618–622 impact of, 629–632 Communications Assistance for Law Assistance Act See CALEA Communications issues, cyber-management and, 223 Compensation practices, information technology and, 798–801 Computational economics, negotiating and, 726–727 exploration, 733–735 simulation, 733–735 Computer back-ups, strategic information and, 580 Conferences, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and, 96 Confidentiality, Human Genome Project, screening, 327–328 Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports Homeland Security, 74 information technology, 75–77 products, internet statistics and, 503–504 R & D budgets and policy, 73–74 science and technology current issues, 73–77 technology development, 74–75 telecommunications, 75–77 Control/direction orientation, state and, 84 Cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs), 51 Counter-terrorism campaign, U.S Government and China, 267–268 Court systems, needs and implementation tactics, knowledge of fundamentals, 552, 554–555 projects vs routine operations, 552, 556–557 technology management, 552, 555–556 vision and leadership, 551, 553–554 records management digital storage, 559–561 long-term storage, 561–562 microfilm, 561–562 role and responsibilities, 557–559 technology implementation and, California, 564–570 management and, 549–550 records management, 557–562 CRADAs See cooperative research and development agreements CRS See Congressional Research Service Cruise missiles India and, 639 Pakistan and, 654 Culture organizational, negotiation support systems and, 763–764 Silicon Valley models and, 88–89 technology and, 13–33 new human context, 15–16 Current assessment methodology, technology leadership forecasting (TLF) and, 462–464 Current issues, public sector perspectives, science and technology and, 55–77 Curriculum development, technology and public schools, 125–126 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 Index Cyber-management, access engineering, 222–223 Cyber-management accountability demands of, 226–227 communications issues, 223 decision-making support, 225 dilemmas of, 227–229 informal communications, 225–226 public management, challenge to, 229–230 record keeping, 223–225 technology transfer and public sector, 222–231 Cyber-terrorism actual attacks, 581–583 on China, 582–583 national security and, 580–583 D Data analysis, negotiation support systems and, 759–762 DBK See Dominant Battlespace Knowledge Death of distance, concept of, 616–617 Decision-making support, cyber-management and, 225 Defense policy, U.S Government and China, 267–269 Department of Defense national security, technology management and, 577–580 science and technology, public sector current issues and, 56–57 court systems record management and, 559–561 Discretionary decision-making, understanding change, 440–449 Disruptive external medical technology, 546 Distance education, European Union, 112–116 evolution of, 115–116 popularity in, 114–115 Distance costs of, 622–625 economic interactions, 618–619 impact on, communications and information technologies (ICT), 616–617 monitoring and management of, 625–626 real income, 619–622 transit time cost, 626–629 Dominant Battlespace Knowledge (DBK), 462 E eBusiness, technology management and, 536 Echelon Interception system, 583–584 committee to investigate, 347–364 confirmed existence of, 364–383 European Parliament Report, 338–347 summary of intelligence agencies, 385–399 847 Economic controls, U.S Government and China, 269–273 electronic espionage examples, 594–595 national security issues and, 583–600 protection from, 595–596 interactions, distance and, 618–619 Ecopreneurs Ben and Jerry’s ice cream, 292 commercial vs social, 293 counter-culture of, 294 creation of, 290–298 private-sector initiatives, 295–297 public-sector initiatives, 297–298 The Body Shop, 292 Education, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 60–61 Education/training, information technology labor shortages and, 242–243 E-Government, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 66–67 Electronic mail cyber-management and, 225–226 internet privacy and employers, 321–322 monitoring, internet privacy and law enforcement, 321–322 signatures, 333–338 commercial standards, Federal use of, 336 keyword definitions, 333 legislation, 336–337 paperwork Elimination Act, 335 privacy, 337 technologies in use, 333–334 U.S Congress interest in, 334–335 technology and, impact on, 8–9 E-market protocol, negotiating and, 723–724 case study, OTC derivatives matching mechanism, 728–735 computational economics, 726–727 exploration, 733–735 simulation, 733–735 game-theoretic analysis, 724–725, 732–733 laboratory experimentation, 735–736 mechanism design theory, 725–726 simulation modeling, 726–727 Emotions information and communication technology (ICT) implementation method used, 520 research on, 518–520 technology implementation and, 518–527 Employers, e-mail monitoring and, 321–322 E-Rate program, 130–131 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 848 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration Espionage, economic, national security issues and, 583–600 Ethical issues and concerns, 275–399 control of technology, impact of surprises, 287–290 ecopreneur, creation of, 290–298 electronic signatures, 333–338 Human Genome Project, genetic hypersusceptibility screening, 323–332 internet privacy, 312–323 knowledge management in medicine, 279–282 online privacy protection, 299–309 supervision of children’s television viewing, 282–287 Ethics biotechnology and, 68–69 technology and, 6–8 European Economic Community, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and, 97–98 European Parliament Report, Echelon Interception System and, 338–347 European Union Directives, online privacy protection and, 307–309 European Union, distance education and, 112–116 evolution of, 115–116 popularity in, 114–115 Export controls assistance, U.S Government and China, 268 legislation to revise, 194–200 missile technology transfer and, 193–200 national security issues and, 575–576 U.S Government and China, 272 External medical technology, 545–548 disruptive, 546 economics of, 547–548 Baumol’s economic disorder, 547 wrapping of care, 547–548 fisherman’s paradox, 548 research, 546–547 sustaining, 545–546 F Factorial causation model, 411–412 Failure avoidance, 432–433 concept of, 417–418 technology and, 407–427 Fair information practices, FTC and internet privacy, 315 FCC See Federal Communications Commission Federal Chief Information officer, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 67–68 Federal Communications Commission E-Rate Program, 130–131 Federal support of technology in public schools, 130–131 Federal Government policy National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), 45 internet privacy practices and, 320–321 promotion efforts, technology transfer and, 164 technological advancement and, 44–46 current legislation, 54–55 current programs, 47 federally funded R & D, 50–53 industry-university efforts, 40–50 joint industrial research, 50 legislatives initiatives, 47 R & D spending, 47–49 transfer, 162–163 patents, 170–171 small businesses, 171 state government, 164 Federal Laboratory Consortium (FLC) Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, 167–169 Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act, 165–167 technology transfer by, 164–165 Federal role, technology and public schools, 131–133 Federal support, technology and public schools, 116, 126–131 Federal Communications Commission, 130–131 misc programs, 131 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 126–129 National Science Foundation, 130 program listing, 126–131 U.S Department of Education, 126–129 U.S Department of Agriculture, 129 U.S Department of Commerce, 129 Federal Trade Commission, online privacy protection and, 305–307 Federally funded R & D commercialization of, 50–53 Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act, 51 technological advancement and, 50–53 Firms, Silicon Valley models and, 87–88 Fisherman’s paradox, 548 FLC See Federal Laboratory Consortium Foreign policy, U.S Government and China, 267–269 counter-terrorism campaign, 267–268 export control assistance, 268 summit meetings, 267 Taiwan links issues, 268–269 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 Index Foresight countries involved with, 106–107 move to, 105–106 risk National Health Service (NHS), 108–110 society, 101–111 tensions with, 107–108 FTC activities, internet privacy and, 315–316 fair information practices, 315 Functional areas, 464–465 G Game-theoretic analysis, 724–725, 732–733 Geeks growth of, 21–25 rise of, 21–25 Generic indicator directory, 481–491 Genetic hypersusceptibility screening, 323–332 Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) advantages of, 93 conferences on, 96 European Economic Community, 97–98 human implications, 93–94 international objections to, 95–96 regulation of, 96–97 patents on, 99 scientific testing of, 95 technology and, 93–100 testing for presence of, 94–95 United States regulations, 98–99 World Trade Organization, 98 Global climate change, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 69–71 management, end of, civilization’s collapse and, 32 GMOs See Genetically modified organisms GOCOs See Government-owned, contractoroperator laboratories Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), science and technology, public sector current issues and, 59–60 Government policy industrial competitiveness, 42–55 technological advancement, 42–55 technology, public sector and, 42–55 Government R & D portfolios management of approaches to, 140–142 constrained approach, 140 Research Value Mapping (RVM), 142–158 technology, management of, 137–160 Government-owned, contractor-operator laboratories (GOCOs), 51 849 H Homeland Security Congressional Research Service Reports (CRS) and, 74 science and technology, public sector current issues and, 61–62 Hughes, investigation, missile technology transfer and, 180–181 Human context, technology, culture and, 15–16 Human Genome Project genetic hypersusceptibility screening, 323–332 reasons to screen, 326 risk issues, 324–325 screening, 325 confidentiality, 327–328 criteria for, 325 discrimination, 328–329 legal basis, 327 screening, privacy, 327 I ICT See information and communication technology Identity theft, 322–323 Import controls, U.S Government and China, 271–272 India, weapons of mass destruction and, 636–663 ballistic missiles, 640 biological, 639 chemical, 639 cruise missiles, 640 nuclear program, 638–639 procurement of, 641–650 biological weapons, 641–646 chemical weapons, 645–646 delivery systems, 641–645 missile defenses, 650 summary of, 636–638 Industrial competitiveness background and analysis, 43–55 government policy and, 42–55 Industry-university efforts, technological advancement and, 49–50 Informal communication, electronic mail, 225–226 Information and communication technology (ICT) implementation emotion method used, 520 research on, 518–520 expressions of emotions, 524–527 organization background, 520–521 training sessions, 521–524 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 850 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration Information systems infrastructure, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 62–63 Information technology compensation practices, 798–801 Congressional Research Service Reports (CRS) and, 75–77 labor shortages Congressional assistance, 239–242 Congressional legislation, 232–246 education/training, 242–243 governmental studies of, 239 labor market conditions, 235–236 legislation for, 239–243 older workers, 243 tax incentives, 242 technology management and, 232–246 unemployment rate, 236–239 wage increases, 238–239 worker supply and demand, 233–235 measuring performance, effect on professional service organizations, 506–516 organizational learning curves, 507–509 test results, 514–515 R & D, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 68 services, outsourcing of negotiating and, 706–718 process-oriented effects, 714–717 suggested framework, 709–710 task-oriented effects, 710–712 team-interaction effects, 712–714 science and technology, public sector current issues and, 64 types, 532–533 Information utilization data in motion, 542 static data, 541 technology management and, 541–543 Integrated “technospace” awareness Dominant Battlespace Knowledge (DBK), 462 technology leadership forecasting (TLF) and, 462 Intelligence agencies, summary of, 385–399 Internal medical technology, 544–545 International negotiations actual negotiating period, 681–682 case study, sea conference negotiations, 682–686 factors in, 671–673 nonbinding forums, 678–679 pre-negotiating, 673–674 pace, 679–681 technical information delivery of, 691 role of, 688 technology issues and, 671–693 timing of, 675–678 Internet access, technology in public schools, 121–122 addiction, study of, 785–797 disputes, adjudication of, 828–841 case study, 834–840 legal pluralism, 832 privacy, 312–323 commercial practices, 314 e-mail monitoring, employers, 321–322 e-mail monitoring, law enforcement, 321–322 Federal Government practices, 320–321 Federal Trade Commission, activities, 315–316 privacy identity theft, 322–323 legislation for, 313–320 protection of Social Security numbers, 322–323 science and technology, public sector current issues and, 66 self-regulation advocates, 315 spyware, 321 statistics Congressional Research Service (CRS) products, 503–504 estimated size of internet, 499 impact of, medicine knowledge and, 280–282 invisible web, 502–503 measuring performance and, 497–504 measuring usage, difficulties, 497–498 number of users, 498–499 of web hosts, 499–501 of web pages, 501–502 of web sites, 499 significance of, 497 Investigational aids, technological failure and Apollo Root Cause Analysis, 426 Multilinear Events Sequencing, 426 Why-Because analysis, 427 Investing, technology management and, 533–534 Invisible web, internet statistics and, 502–503 Iran chemicals and China’s sale to, 263–264 missile technology and China’s sale to, 261–263 nuclear technology and China’s sales to, 259–156 J Joint industrial research National Cooperative Research Act, 50 technological advancement and, 50 K Knowledge management, 819–828 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 Index L Labor market conditions, 235–236 shortages, information technology workers and, 232–246 Laboratory experimentation, 735–736 Law enforcement e-mail monitoring and, 321–322 surveillance technology and, 597–600 CALEA, 597–598 Leadership business, organizational functions and, 807–809 Leadership vistas remote sensing leadership, 444 – 449 techno-teams, 444 – 449 virtual leadership, 444 – 449 Legal basis, screening, Human Genome Project and, 327 framework, online privacy protection and, 302–304 Legislation current, technological advancement, Federal Government policy and, 54–55 electronic signatures and, 336–337 internet privacy and, 313–320 technology transfer and, 173 Legislative initiatives, Federal Government technological advancement and, 47 Libya, missile technology and China’s sale to, 266 Life-cycle costs, technology and, 7–8 Lockheed Martin, investigation, missile technology transfer and, 181–182 Long-term storage, court systems record management and, 561–562 Loral case, missile technology transfer and, 177–180 implications of, 179–180 investigation of, 177–179 M Maladaptive business, organizational functions, 809–811 Management Oversight and Risk Tree (MORT) analysis, 412–413 Managerial flux, organizational transformation and, 441 Managing change, 401–527 avoiding failure, 432–433 information and communication technology (ICT) implementation, emotionality of, 518–527 understanding change, 434–450 Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), 43 851 Mathematical evaluation procedure, Technology leadership forecasting (TLF) and, 491–496 Measuring performance, 401–527 information technology effect on professional service organizations, 506–516 organizational learning curves, 507 internet statistics, 497–504 Mechanism design theory, 725–726 Medicine knowledge management ethical issues and concerns, 279–282 impact of internet on, 280–282 technology and, 544–548 external, 545–548 internal, 544–545 MEP See Manufacturing Extension Partnership Microelectronics, technology and, impact on, 8–9 Microfilm storage, court systems record management and, 561–562 Middle market phase, organizational functions and, 806–807 Missile defense program, India’s procurement of, 650 Missile technology sale of, China and Iran, 261–263 and Libya, 266 and North Korea, 264–266 and Pakistan, 258–259 transfer China action regarding, 173–200 chronology of major events, 200–213 policy issues, 174–200 security concerns, 175–176 U.S Congress, reaction to, 186–187 U.S Government reaction to, 184–187 export controls, 193–200 military benefit to China, 182–184 security concerns, China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC), 175–176 China’s ballistic missiles, 176–184 Hughes, investigation of, 180–181 Lockheed Martin, investigation of, 181–182 Loral case implications of, 179–180 investigation of, 177–179 Motorola, investigation of, 180 Mobile wireless, third generation (3G), technology transfer and, 247–252 Modeling, Silicon Valley and, 79 alternative types, 81–83 Southeast Asia DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 852 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration culture, 88–89 firms, 87–88 universities, 85–87 universities, need for, 85–87 Moore’s law, 8–9 Motorola, investigation of, missile technology transfer and, 180 Multilinear Events Sequencing, 426 N Nanotechnology, technology and, evolution of, 11 NASA See National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Federal support of technology in public schools and, 126–129 National Cooperative Research Act, 50 National Health Service (NHS), Foresight and, 108–110 National Institute of Health (NIH), current issues with, 56–57 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 167–169 National Science and Technology (NSTC), 45 National Science Foundation, Federal support of technology in public schools, 130 National security cyber-terrorism, 580–583 issues, 573–663 communications and information technologies (ICT), 616–617 economic risks due to economic electronic espionage, study of, 583–600 emerging technology adoption, 576 export controls, 575–576 positive/negative technology lists, 576–577 supercomputers, virtual bomb, 602–614 surveillance technology and tools, 590–591 technology’s economic impact, 615–633 strategic information and, importance of back-ups, 580 technology management, Department of Defense view of, 577–580 weapons of mass destruction, India and Pakistan, 636–663 Negotiating e-market protocol computational economics, 726–727 design methodologies, 723–724 game-theoretic analysis, 724–725 mechanism design theory, 725–726 simulation modeling, 726–727 information technology services, outsourcing of, 706–718 process-oriented effects, 714–717 suggested framework for, 709–710 support system evaluation of, 740–741 existing, 740–741 NEGOTIATION ASSISTANT software, 738–753 task-oriented effects, 710–712 team-interaction effects, 710–712 technology issues and, international, 671–693 outsourcing transactions, 669–671 NEGOTIATION ASSISTANT software design and operation, 742–745 effectiveness of, 752–753 experiment and results, 745–752 review of, 738–753 Negotiations e-market protocol computational exploration, 733–735 computational simulation, 733–735 game-theoretic analyses, 732–733 laboratory experimentation, 735–736 OTC derivatives matching mechanism, case study of, 728–735 support systems, adoption of, 757–767 conceptual framework, 763–764 data analysis, 759–762 industry characteristics, 765–766 models, 758–759 organizational culture, 763–764 Technology Acceptance Model, 757–758 Theory of Planned Behavior, 757–758 technical issues and, custom software for, 738–753 technology issues and, 665–766 e-market protocol, 722–737 NHS See National Health Service NIH See National Institute of Health NIST See National Institute of Standards and Technology Nonbinding forums, international negotiations and, 678–679 Nonproliferation agreements, U.S Government and China, 272–273 Non-technologists teaching science and technology to, 780–782 technology and, 775–784 North Korea missile technology and China’s sale to, 264–266 nuclear weapons and China’s sale to, 264–266 NSTC See National Science and Technology Nuclear accidents, impact of surprises on technology, 288–290 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 Index cooperation agreement, U.S Government and China, 271 China and Pakistan, 257–258 program India and, 638–639 Pakistan and, 652–653 technology sales, ring magnets, Pakistan, China to, 256–258 weapons program, China and North Korea, 264–266 Pakistan, 659–663 O Office of Base Energy Sciences, case study, portfolio one, 143–152 Research Value Mapping (RVM) project, 142–158 Older workers, information technology labor shortages and, 243 Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, 167–169 Advanced Technology Program (ATP), 167 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 167–169 Online privacy protection, 299–309 background of, 301–302 Clinton administration of, 304–305 European Union directives, 307–309 Federal Trade Commission, 305–307 legal framework, 302–304 Organizational culture, negotiation support systems and implementation of, 763–764 evolution start-up phase, 802–804 technology and, 801–812 transition functions, 802–804 functions leadership business, 807–809 maladaptive business, 809–811 middle market phase, 806–807 small business phase, 804–805 goals good tech vs high tech, 532 information technology types, 532–533 management approaches, 533 technology management and, 531–543 aligning of, 534–537 , eBusiness, 536 standardization, 535–536 learning curve models, for service organizations, 507–508 informational technology and, test results, 514–515 measuring performance and, 507–509 test results, 513–514 853 transformation leadership vistas, 444–449 managerial flux, 441 structural redesign, 442–443 understanding change and, 440 Output maximization, 143–152 Output portfolio, 143–149 Outsourcing information technology services, negotiating of, 706–718 process-oriented effects, 714–717 suggested framework, 709–710 task-oriented effects, 710–712 team-interaction effects, 710–712 transactions, negotiating of, 669–671 P Pakistan China and, missile technology, 258–259 nuclear cooperation, 257–258 nuclear technology sales to, 256–258 sales of ring magnets, 256–258 weapons of mass destruction and, 636–663 ballistic missiles, 654–655 biological, 653 chemical, 653 cruise missiles, 654 nuclear program, 652–653 procurement of, 655–663 biological weapons, 658–659 chemical weapons, 658 delivery systems, 655–658 nuclear weapons, 659–663 summary of, 650–651 Paperwork Elimination Act, 335 Patents, 170–171 biotechnology and, 68–69 Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and, 99 Pharmaceutical drugs availability, 63–64 costs, 63–64 R & D, 63–64 science and technology, public sector current issues and, 63–64 Phone slamming, 64–65 Policy, in transition, 101–111 Politics, technology and, impact on, 10–11 Portfolio one output maximization, 143–152 output portfolio, 143–149 Portfolio two, balanced portfolio, 152–158 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 854 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration President’s Management Agenda, 59–60 Privacy biotechnology and, 68–69 electronic signatures and, 337 internet and, 66 screening, Human Genome Project and, 327 Private sector initiatives, ecopreneurs and, 295–297 Probable cause, concept history, 408–411 Process-oriented effects, 714–717 Professional service organizations measuring information technology performance on, 506–516 organizational learning curves, test results, 513–514 Professions technology and, 773–841 organizational evolution, 801–812 Promotion efforts, Federal government technology transfer and, 164 Protection, economic electronic espionage and, 595–596 Public management, cyber-management, challenger to, 229–230 Public schools, technology and access to, 120–121 cost of, 120 curriculum development, 125–126 Federal role in, 131–133 Federal support of, 116, 126–131 Federal Communications Commission, 130–131 Federal programs, other types, 131 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 130 National Science Foundation, 130 U.S Department of Agriculture, 129 U.S Department of Commerce, 129 U.S Department of Education, 126–129 impact of, 119–120 in use, 122–124 interest in, 117–118 internet access and, 121–122 major issues, 118 status of, 116, 118 training, 124–125 Public sector current issues, R & D budgets, 56–57 cyber-management, technology transfer and, 222–231 initiatives, ecopreneurs and, 297–298 perspectives science and technology, current issues, 55–77 technology and, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), 93–100 government R & D portfolios, management of, 137–160 Silicon Valley, development of, 77–89 science and technology Advanced Technology Program (ATP), 63 aeronautics R &D, 71 aviation security technologies, 62 biotechnology, 68–69 broadband internet access, 65 commercial satellite exports, 73 Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports, 73–77 critical information systems infrastructure, 62–63 Department of Defense, 56–57 educational issues, 60–61 e-government, 66–67 Federal Chief Information Officer, 67–68 global climate change, 69–71 Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), 59–60 homeland security, 61–62 information technology, 64 R & D, 68 internet privacy, 66 National Institutes of Health (NIH) 56–57 pharmaceutical drugs, 63–64 phone slamming, 64–65 President’s Management Agenda, 59–60 public access to R & D data, 58 quality of R & D data, 58–59 radio spectrum management, 65–66 space programs, 71–73 technology transfer, 63 telecommunications, 64 voting technology, 67 technology and, 35–217 government policy, 42–55 Q Quality organizational goals, 531–543 technology and, 530–570 organizational goals, 531–543 R R & D See research and development Radio spectrum management, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 65–66 Real income, distance and, 619–622 Record keeping, cyber-management and, 22–225 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 Index Records management court systems and, 557–562 digital storage, 559–561 microfilm, 561–562 role and responsibilities, 557–559 Regulation, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and, 96–97 Regulatory issues, third generation (3G) mobile wireless and, 249–251 Remote sensing leadership, 444–449 Research and development aeronautics, 71 budgets and policy Congressional Research Service Reports (CRS), 73–74 public sector current issues and, 56–57 data public access to, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 58 quality of, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 58–59 information technology, 68 pharmaceutical drugs and, 63–64 policy, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 56–57 portfolios, government, management of, 137–160 spending Advanced Technology Program (ATP), 48–49 Federal Government technological advancement and, 47–49 tax reform acts, 47–49 Research external medical technology, 546–547 Research Value Mapping (RVM) project, 142–158 Office of Base Energy Sciences, case study, conclusions of, 158–160 portfolio one, 143–152 portfolio one, output portfolio, 143–149 portfolio two, balanced portfolio, 152–158 Ring magnets, sales of, 256–258 Risk Foresight, National Health Service (NHS), 108–110 issues, Human Genome Project and, 324–325 society, 101–111 implications for, 102–105 Root cause analysis, 413–415 Russia, supercomputers and, weapon development, 602–605 S Sanctions, U.S Government and China, 269–270 Satellites exportation of, 73, 269 public sector current issues and, 73 855 Science and technology non-technologists and, 775–784 perspectives, current issues, 55–77 public sector current issues Advanced Technology Program (ATP), 63 aeronautics R & D, 71 aviation security technologies, 62 biotechnology, 68–69 broadband internet access, 65 commercial satellite exports, 73 Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports, 73–77 critical infrastructure, 62–63 Department of Defense, 57–58 educational issues, 60–61 e-government, 66–67 Federal Chief Information Officer, 67–68 global climate change, 69–71 Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), 59–60 homeland security, 61–62 information technology, 64 R & D, 68 internet privacy, 66 National Institutes of Health (NIH), 57 pharmaceutical drugs, 63–64 phone slamming, 64–65 President’s Management Agenda, 59–60 public access to R & D data, 58 quality of R & D data, 58–59 R & D budgets, 56–57 R & D policy, 56–57 radio spectrum management, 65–66 space programs, 71–73 technology transfer, 63 telecommunications, 64 voting technology, 67 wireless technologies, 65–66 Science, technology vs., 2–5 Screening, Human Genome Project, 325–329 confidentiality, 327–328 criteria, 325 discrimination, 328–329 legal basis for, 327 privacy, 327 reasons to screen, 326 Sea conference negotiations, case study of international negotiations and, 682–686 other issues, 686–688 Security concerns China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC), 175–176 missile technology transfer, China and, 175–184 ballistic missiles, 176–184 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 856 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration Hughes, investigation of, 180–181 Lockheed Martin, investigation of, 181–182 Loral case implications of, 179–180 investigation of, 177–179 Motorola, investigation of, 180 Self-regulation, internet privacy and, 315 Service organizations, learning curve models and, 507–508 Silicon Valley development of, technology and public sector, 77–89 modeling alternative types, 81–82 conventional, 79–80 problems with, 80–81 Southeast Asia, 81 culture, 88–89 firms, 87–88 universities, need for, 85–87 Southeast Asia, replication for, 81–89 state concept, 82–85 Simulation modeling, 726–727 Single-event causation model, 411 Slamming, phone, 64–65 Small businesses Federal Government technology transfer and, 171 phases, organizational functions and, 804–805 Social Security numbers, internet privacy and, 322–323 Software NEGOTIATION ASSISTANT, 738–753 utilization, technology management and, 538–539 Southeast Asia, Silicon Valley and, models and culture, 88–89 firms, 87–88 universities, 85–87 replication of, state, importance of, 81–89 Space programs, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 71–73 Spectrum band oversight issues, third generation (3G) mobile wireless and, 249–251 Spyware, 321 Standardization, technology and, 535–536 Start-up phase, organizational evolution and, 802–804 State government, Federal Government, technology transfer from, 164 State control/direction orientation, 84 outcomes driven, 84–85 problematic effects, 83–84 short-term focus, 85 Silicon Valley and, concept of, 82–85 Southeast Asia and, 82–85 Static data, 541 Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act, 51, 165–167 cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs), 51 Strategic information, national security and, importance of back-ups, 580 Summit meetings, U.S Government and China, 267 Supercomputers sales to Russia, weapon development, 602–605 virtual bomb, 602–614 Supply and demand, information technology workers and, 233–235 Surveillance technology intercepted economic material, types, 593 law enforcement and, 597–600 CALEA 597–598 legal context, 596–597 methods and tools, 590–591 regulatory context, 596–597 systems in use, 591–592 Sustaining external medical technology, 545–546 Syria, missile technology and China’s sale to, 266 T Tainter, Joseph, civilization’s collapse and, 26 Taiwan, U.S Government and China, 268–269 Task-oriented effects, 710–712 Tax incentives, information technology labor shortages and, 242 Team-interaction effects, 710–712 Technical information, delivery of, international negotiations and, 691 international negotiations and, 688 issues, negotiation support system, custom software, 738–753 Technological advancement Advanced Technology Program (ATP), 43 background and analysis, 43–55 Federal Government policy current legislation, 54–55 current programs, 47 Federally funded R& D, 50–53 industry-university efforts, 49–50 joint industrial research, 50 legislative initiatives, 47 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 Index National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), 45 R& D spending, 47–49 role in, 44–46 government policy and, 42–55 Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), 43 failure accident, concept of, 419–420 concept of, 417–518 correct response to, 422–426 defining the problem, 416–417 investigational aids, 426–427 Apollo Root Cause analysis, 426 Multilinear Events Sequencing, 426 Why-Because analysis, 427 responding to, 415–417 wrong responses, 415–422, 427 Technologies, definitions of, 543 Technology, Acceptance Model, 757–758 access to, public schools and, 120–121 adaptation to, 9–10 adoption, national security issues and, 576 civilization and collapse of, 25–31 contribution to quality, 530–570 control of, 4–5 impact of surprises, 287–290 nuclear accidents, 288–290 cost of, public schools and, 120 courts, California, 564–570 culture of, 13–33 new human context, 15–16 definition of, 2–4 development, Congressional Research Service Reports (CRS) and, 74–75 electronic signatures, 333–334 ethical considerations in, 6–8 issues and concerns, 275–399 evolution of, biotechnology, 11 nanotechnology, 11 failure causation, traditional views of, 411–412 designing a response to, 407–427 historical background, 407–408 managing and responding to, 407–427 probable cause, concept history, 408–411 future uses of, 11–12 geeks growth of, 21–25 managing of, 21–25 government R & D portfolios, management of, 137–160 857 impact on, microelectronics, 8–9 public schools, 119–120 implementation, emotionality of, 518–527 improving literacy of, 813–819 information technology, compensation practices, 798–801 internet access, public schools and, 121–122 addiction, study of, 785–797 disputes, adjudication of, 828–841 issues, negotiating, 665–766 e-market protocol, 722–737 international, 671–693 outsourcing transactions, 669–671 knowledge management of, 819–828 leadership forecasting (TLF) analytic philosophy of, 461 background of, 460–496 categories matrix, 464–465 current assessment methodology, 462–464 current baseline capability questionnaire, 479–481 functional areas, 464–465 generic indicator directory, 481–491 integrated “technospace” awareness, 462 mathematical evaluation procedure, 491–496 matrix of, 465 methodology, 453–496 features of, 456 participants, 461 purpose of, 460 requirements, 460–461 warning, analytic methodology of, 465–479 life-cycle costs, 7–8 management approaches to, 533 court systems, 549–550 needs and implementation tactics, 551–557 records management, 557–562 information technology labor shortages, 232–246 information utilization, 541–543 investing in, 533–534 national security cyber-terrorism, 580–583 Department of Defense view of, 577–580 strategic information, 580 organizational goals aligning of, 534–541 eBusiness, 536 good tech vs high tech, 532 information technology types, 532–533 management approaches, 533 standardization, 535–536 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 858 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration oversight of, 537–541 platform minimization, 538 software utilization, 538–539 managing change of, 12 Moore’s law, 8–9 persuasion in using, 16–20 platform minimization, 538 politics and, impact on, 10–11 professions and, 773–841 organizational evolution, 801–812 public schools curriculum development, 125–126 Federal role in, 131–133 Federal support of, 116, 126–131 Federal Communications Commission, 130–131 misc programs, 131 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 130 National Science Foundation, 130 U.S Department of Agriculture, 129 U.S Department of Commerce, 129 U.S Department of Education, 126–129 interest in, 117–118 major issues, 118 status of, 116, 118 public sector and, 35–217 government policy, 42–55 perspectives distance education, 112–116 European Union, 112–116 genetically modified organisms (GMOs), 93–100 R & D portfolios, management of, 137–160 Silicon Valley, development of, 77–89 quality of, medicine and, 544–548 science vs., 2–5 standardization, 535–536 training, public schools, 124–125 transfer Federal Government and, interest in, 162–163 patents, 170–171 promotion efforts, 164 small businesses, 171 state government, 164 Federal Laboratory Consortium, 164–165 government to private sector, 161–173 missile, China, 173–213 mobile wireless, third generation (3G), 247–252 public sector, cyber-management of, 222–231 science and technology, public sector current issues and, 63 weapons of mass destruction (WMD), policy issues, 252–273 transition of, 101–111 types in use, public schools and, 122–124 understanding of, 5–6 Technology and science non-technologists and, 775–784 public’s knowledge of, 775–780 teaching to non-technologists, 780–782 principles to follow, 782–784 Techno-teams, 444 – 449 Telecommunications Congressional Research Service Reports (CRS) and, 75–77 science and technology, public sector current issues and, 64 Television, children’s viewing and supervisions of, 282–287 Testing, Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and, 94–95 The Body Shop, ecopreneurs and, 292 Theory of Planned Behavior, 757–758 Third generation (3G) mobile wireless, 247–252 definition of, 247 oversight issues, 249–251 regulatory issues, 249–251 standards of, 247–248 technology standards, 248–249 TLF See technology leadership forecasting methodology Training information technology labor shortages and, 242–243 technology, public schools, 124–125 Transfer of technology, Federal government to state government, 164 government to private sector, 161–173 Transit time cost, distance and, 626–629 Transition functions, organizational evolution and, 802–804 TV rating system children’s television viewing and, 283–284 Congressional involvement, 285–286 current system, 284 revised, 284–285 U U.S Congress assistance for, information technology labor shortages, 239–242 electronic signatures and, 334–335 involvement in TV rating system, 285–286 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 Index legislation for, information technology labor shortages and, 232–246 missile technology transfer, China, reaction of, 186–187 U.S Department of Agriculture, Federal support of technology in public schools, 129 U.S Department of Commerce, Federal support of technology in public schools, 129 U.S Department of Education, Federal support of technology in public schools, 126–129 U.S Government defense policy, China, 267–269 economic controls, China, 269–273 capital markets, 270–271 export controls, 272 exportation of satellites, 269 import controls, 271–272 nuclear cooperation agreement, 271 sanctions, 269–270 electronic signatures and, commercial standards, 336 foreign policy, China, 267–269 counter-terrorism campaign, 267–268 export control assistance, 268 summit meetings, 267 Taiwan links issues, 268–269 policy issues China arms control, 272–273 nonproliferation agreements, 272–273 weapons proliferation and, 266–267 reaction of, missile technology transfer, China, 184–187 Understanding change administrative IT culture and, 434–436 discretionary decision-making, 440–449 logic of change and context, 438–440 organizational transformation, 440 traditional leadership thinking, critique of, 436–438 Unemployment rate, information technology labor shortages and, 236–239 United States, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), regulations, 98–99 Universities, Silicon Valley models and, 85–87 University-industry efforts, technological advancement and, 49–50 859 V V-chip control children’s television viewing and, 283 foreign countries, 286 Virtual bomb, 605–614 modeling nuclear explosions, 606–608 verification of, 608–611 Virtual leadership, 444–449 Voting technology, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 67 W Wage increases, information technology labor shortages and, 238–239 Weapons of mass destruction, China entities sanctioned for weapons proliferation, 253–254 nuclear technology sales Iran, 259–261 Pakistan, 256–258 proliferation of, 255–256 India and Pakistan, 636–663 India, summary of, 636–638 Pakistan and India, 636–663 Pakistan, summary of, 650–651 policy issues, 252–273 Weapons proliferation China entities sanctioned for, 253–254 U.S Government policy issues, 266–267 relations with China, 267–269 Web hosts, number of, 499–501 pages, number of, 501–502 sites, number of, 499 Why-Because analysis, 427 Wireless standards, third generation (3G), 248–249 technologies, science and technology, public sector current issues and, 65–66 World Trade Organization, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and, 98 Wrapping of care, economics of external medical technology and, 547–548 DK3654—INDEX——4/10/2006—18:26—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp 845–859 ... 1–12 12 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration MANAGING CHANGE: THEREIN LIES THE RUB New technologies in the marketplace, while offering great promise in so many areas of human... effects of increasing CO2 and introduced chemicals in the atmosphere, including but not limited to global warming; the hole in the ozone layer; the extinction and impending extinction of keystone... 13–33 31 32 Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration THE END OF GLOBAL MANAGEMENT The reductionist idea of a fully explainable and manageable world is a very poor model of reality