Tài liệu Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health docx

[...]... doctors’ offices than do men, fill more prescriptions, have more surgeries, occupy more than 60% of all hospital beds, and spend two of every three health care dollars (Collins 1994) Recognizing the underrepresentation of women in major clinical research trials, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) established the Office of Research on Women’s Health in 1990 The National Institutes of Health Revitalization... Preface The text of this manual, an update of the second edition of our Concise Guide to Women’s Mental Health, reflects the latest data on women’s mental health Although every section has been revised, particularly extensive revisions have been made in the sections describing the use of psychiatric medications in pregnant and breast-feeding women, abortion and contraception, and the use of hormones in... 2–1 Up to 80% of women of childbearing age experience some premenstrual symptoms that vary from mild to severe By using strict 11 12 Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health Table 2–1 DSM-IV-TR research criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder A In most menstrual cycles during the past year, five (or more) of the following symptoms were present for most of the time during the last week of the luteal... her sleep Seasonality of mood symptoms should be explored, because seasonal affective disorder is more common in women than in men Women who are preoccupied with their weight should be asked about bingeing and purging behaviors, including use of laxatives, diuretics, and appetite suppressants 6 Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health Table 1–2 Psychiatric assessment of women: clinically significant... and pharma- 4 Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health codynamics of medications Gender differences have been noted in rates of hepatic metabolism, possibly because of estrogen’s inhibitory effect on some hepatic microsomal enzymes (Lane et al 1999; Pollock 1997; Robinson 2002) By delaying gastric emptying time, progesterone may influence drug absorption Estrogen and progesterone, both of which are... her own needs when they conflict with those of family members References American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Depression in women: ACOG technical bulletin number 182—July 1993 Int J Gyneacol Obstet 43:203–211, 1993 8 Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health Anderson AE, Yager J: Eating disorders, in Kaplan & Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 8th Edition Edited by Sadock... prevalence of psychiatric disorders have long been recognized; the prevalence in women exceeds that in men for a number of dis1 2 Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health orders (Anderson et al 2004; Andrade et al 2003; Garfinkel et al 1995; Kessler et al 1994; Rosenthal et al 1984; Walters and Kendler 1995) (Table 1–1) Gender-related differences exist not only in the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric... discontinue nicotine Cognitive-behavioral approaches Exercise Relaxation techniques Pharmacological Treatments A wide variety of pharmacological treatments have been reported to reduce symptoms of PMDD (Table 2–5) Treatments generally use one of three strat- 18 Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health Table 2–5 Pharmacological treatments for premenstrual dysphoric disorder Medication Dosage When administered... Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health DSM-IV-TR criteria, it has been estimated that PMDD occurs in 3%–8% of women of reproductive age; however, the prevalence of premenstrual dysphoria that causes clinically significant distress and dysfunction may be as high as 13%–18% (Halbreich et al 2003) Etiology A number of etiologies have been suggested for PMDD They include changes in levels of estrogen, progesterone,... bupropion, SSRIs produce greater reduction of premenstrual symptoms (Freeman et al 1999; Pearlstein et al 1997) and are recognized as first-line treatments for the psychological symptoms of PMDD (Rapkin 2003) Although both continuous and luteal phase dosing have been found to be effective, continuous dosing is preferable 20 Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health if prospective ratings have not been . alt="" Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health This page intentionally left blank Washington, DC London, England Clinical Manual of Women’s Mental Health By Vivien. xiii Preface The text of this manual, an update of the second edition of our Concise Guide to Women’s Mental Health, reflects the latest data on women’s mental health. Although