Tài liệu WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR REACTION DATA AND NUCLEAR REACTORS: PHYSICS, DESIGN AND SAFETY doc

ICTP Lecture Notes WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR REACTION DATA AND NUCLEAR REACTORS: PHYSICS, DESIGN AND S AFETY 25 February - 28 March 2002 Editors M. Herman National Nuclear Data Center, New York, USA N. Paver University of Trieste and INFN, Trieste, Italy NUCLEAR R EACTION DATA AND NUCLEAR REACTORS – First edition Copyright c  2005 by The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics The ICTP has the irrevocable and indefinite authorization to reproduce and disseminate these Lecture Notes, in prin t ed and/or computer readable form, from each author. ISBN 92-95003-30-6 Printed in Trieste by the ICTP Publications & Printing Section iii PREFACE One of the main missions of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, founded in 1964, is to foster the growth of advanced studies and scientific research in developing countries. To this end, the Centre organizes a number of schools and workshops in a variety of physical and mathematical disciplines. Since unpublished material presented at the meetings might prove to be of interest also to scientists who did not take part in the schools and work- shops, the Centre has decided to make it available through a new publication series entitled ICTP Lecture Notes. It is hoped that this formally structured pedagogical material on advanced topics will be helpful to young students and seasoned researchers alike. The Centre is grateful to all lecturers and editors who kindly authorize the ICTP to publish their notes in this series. Since the initiative is new, comments and suggestions are most welcome and greatly appreciated. Information regarding this series can be obtained from the Publications Section or by e-mail to “pub − off@ictp.it”. The series is published in-house and is also made available on-line via the ICTP web site: “http://www.ictp.it/~pub − off/lectures/”. Katepalli R. Sreenivasan, Director Abdus Salam Honorary Professor v Contents H.M. Hofmann Refined Resonating Group Model and Standard Neutron Cross Sections 1 M. Herman Parameters for Nuclear Reaction Calculations - Reference Input Parameter Library (RIPL-2) 49 A.L. Nichols Nuclear Data Requirements for Decay Heat Calculations 65 D. Majumdar Nuclear Power in the 21st Century: Status & Trends in Advanced Nuclear Technology Development 197 D. Majumdar Desalination and Other Non-electric Applications of Nuclear Energy . . . 233 M. Cumo Experiences and Techniques in the Decommissioning of Old Nuclear Power Plants 253 vii Introduction This volume contains a partial collection of lectures delivered at the workshop on “Nuclear Reaction Data and Nuclear Reactors: Physics, Design and Safety”, held at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in February-March 2002. The aim of the Workshop was to present extensive, and up-to-date infor- mation on the whole scientific field underlying nuclear reactor calculations, from the theory of nuclear reactions and nuclear data production and valida- tion down to the applications to nuclear reactor physics, design and safety. In particular, the collection of lecture notes included in this volume presents techniques for modelling microscopic calculations of light nuclei reactions, the use of a database of parameters for calculations of nuclear reactions and the nuclear data requirements for the calculation of the de- cay heat in nuclear reactors. As far as the nuclear reactors themselves are concerned, the fields of advanced nuclear technology developments for power production, of non-electric applications of nuclear energy and of the safety procedures for decommissioning old nuclear power plants are covered. We hope that, although limited to these few topics, the volume will nevertheless represent a useful reference for researchers interested in the field of nuclear data and nuclear reactors. For the benefit of potential readers who could not participate in the Workshop, these lecture notes are also available on-line at: http://www.ictp.it/ pub − off/lectures/ for free access and consul- tation. The Workshop was organized by ICTP and IAEA. The editors are grate- ful to these Institutions for their support and sponsorship. They thank the authors for their excellent presentations of the lecture notes, and the ICTP staff for their invaluable help in successfully running the Workshop and for the professional preparation of this volume. M. Herman N. Paver Trieste, April 2005 Refined Resonating Group Model and Standard Neutron Cross Sections Hartmut M. Hofmann ∗ Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Erlangen-N¨urnberg, Erlangen, Germany Lectures given at the Workshop on Nuclear Reaction Data and Nuclear Reactors: Physics, Design and Safety Trieste, 25 February - 28 March 2002 LNS0520001 ∗ hmh@theorie3.physik.uni-erlangen.de Abstract We describe in some detail the refined resonating group model and its application to light nuclei. Microscopic calculations employing real- istic nuclear forces are given for the reaction 3 He(n,p). The extension to heavier nuclei is briefly discussed. [...]... less extend extrapolation of data relies heavily on R-matrix analysis This analysis has to fit a large number of parameters related to position and decay properties of resonances Due to the limited number of data and their experimental errors, any additional input is highly welcome Except for neutron scattering on the proton any of the standard cross sections involve few to many nucleon bound states These...Refined Resonating Group Model & Standard Neutron Cross Sections 1 3 Introduction The neutron standard cross sections cover a wide range of target masses from hydrogen to uranium The high mass range is characterized by many overlapping resonances, which cannot be understood individually In contrast, the few-nucleon regime is dominated by well-developed, in general, broad resonances The interpolation and to... protons and two neutrons with opposite spin projections In hadron physics, a typical cluster would be a baryon containing 3 quarks or a meson containing a quark-antiquark pair The spatial wave function of a cluster h consists of a single Gaussian function   nh βh (ri − rj )2  χh,int = exp − (2.34) nh i . Notes WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR REACTION DATA AND NUCLEAR REACTORS: PHYSICS, DESIGN AND S AFETY 25 February - 28 March 2002 Editors M. Herman National Nuclear Data. 253 vii Introduction This volume contains a partial collection of lectures delivered at the workshop on Nuclear Reaction Data and Nuclear Reactors: Physics, Design and