Measure carbon footprint through human behavioral perspective towards using environment’s essential reserve of selected residents in thai nguyen, vietnam

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY DEGAYO, GINIELLA APRIL PERAZ MEASURE CARBON FOOTPRINT THROUGH HUMAN BEHAVIORAL PERSPECTIVE TOWARDS USING ENVIRONMENT’S ESSENTIAL RESERVE OF SELECTED RESIDENTS IN THAI NGUYEN, VIETNAM BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Program Office Batch : 2015-2018 Thai Nguyen, October 2019 DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name Degayo, Giniella April Peraz Student ID DTN1454290096 Measure carbon footprint through human behavioral Thesis Title perspective towards using environment’s essential reserve of selected residents in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam Supervisor (s) Dr Do Xuan Luan Supervisor’s signature Abstract: Humans use and benefits on environment as their source of life Without the environment, humans won’t live One of the world’s continuous and rapid changes is majorly caused by overpopulation of humans which increases number of use in environmental reserve in order to supply their needs This problem causes resource depletion which burdens our environment causing slow regeneration and preventing fast reproduction This is because a major barrier preventing humans in achieving sustainable lifestyle is due to lack of information in resource consumption causing a huge amount of environmental footprint The study focused on the carbon footprint of selected residents in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam with the help of an instrument which helps to calculate the carbon footprint of a person The design of this study is that researcher will use Descriptive Research Method in collecting and recording answers from the respondents The researcher will ask questions using interviews and surveys in order to gather valuable information associated with study A carbon footprint test was conducted using scores were that was thoroughly analyzed to know if the bad consumption lifestyle habit of residents in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam has a big effect on the way they use their essential resources The major cause of i carbon footprint is carbon emission and other greenhouse gases which are caused by the burning of fossil fuels affecting the environment The best example is the electricity that human use are mostly made from fossil fuels (such as coal, natural gas and oil) that requires energy to fulfill the requirements of human’s daily activities and needs The carbon footprint of the respondents showed that the majority or 69% of them are taking effort into becoming full pledge eco-friendly citizen So therefore, it simply means that there is a good connection between using the environment’s essential reserve It should be a continuous habit in order to make spaces for improvements and to come up with more solutions in saving both our people and our Earth Keywords Carbon footprint, carbon footprint analysis, resources, sustainable development, eco-friendly, awareness Number of pages 61 pages Date of submission September 23, 2019 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, I would like to thank and give my gratitude to our Loving God for showering His blessings and His never failing love for always give what’s best for me, for always answering my prayers and guiding me to the right path where success is waiting for me To my parents, Niel and Ginalyn Degayo and to my one and only younger sister Lindsay Joy, thank you for your unconditional love and support Thank you for providing all my needs and your never failing encouraging words and trust that I should keep going and never give up until I achieve my dreams To all my Aunts, Uncles and Cousins who never forget to give support financially and spiritually Living far from home makes me feel lonely and you always make sure to always message or call me I am really grateful to all of you I’m giving my sincerest gratitude to my advisor, Dr Do Xuan Luan for supporting, guiding and helping me in doing my research thesis despite the difference with your major and the topic that I have chosen Special thanks to Anh Cuong, Anh Tuan and Chi Nga for helping me arrange, translate my questionnaire and goes with me while doing survey for my research thesis To the Advance Education Program, University of Thai Nguyen of Agriculture and Forestry together with the tie up with the University of California Davis, teachers and staffs, thank you very much for giving me the opportunity to be part of your program To the batch of K46 A and B AEP, thank you so much for the unforgettable and memorable memories and experiences that I have shared with iii you I want to give my special thanks to our mga Ate’s and Kuya’s Anh’s and Chi oi’s from the batch of K43, K44 and K45 for always helping me especially in times of our problems and troubles And to the new Filipino Batch of K49 and K50, good luck and enjoy your days here in Vietnam To all the Filipinos and International Students that I’ve met, especially Lea , Nina, Charm, Lyka, Aly, Mark, Kuya Ponce, Kuya Jelo, Jess, Pau ,Gio, Naf, Ate Rosette and Myra, I will never forget all our memories here in Vietnam I’ve had so much fun and I’ve learned so many things that I will forever keep in my heart and mind Thank you so much for being my friend and my family And lastly to all the people that I’ve met and become friends here in Vietnam, to the people in the Philippines who never failed to encourage and support me, Thank you very much for never forgetting to send greetings and love! I am so blessed and happy for all the never expected opportunities that keep coming to my life and my family My journey in life is just starting and I know my experience here in Vietnam will give me strength and courage to try more new things to experience for future plans The Researcher, Giniella April P Degayo iv TABLE OF CONTENT Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………… iii Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………v List of Figures………………………………………………………………… vii List of Tables………………………………… ………………………………viii PART I INTRODUCTION … 1.1 Research Rational………………………………………………………… 1.2 Research’s Objectives………………………………………………….……3 1.3 Research Questions…………………………………………………….……3 1.4 Significance of the Study……………………………………………….… 1.5 Hypothesis .… 1.5.1 Hypothesis 1…………………………………………………………….4 1.5.2 Hypothesis … 1.6 Scope and Limitations………………………………………………………5 1.7 Definition of Terms…… ………………………………………………….6 PART II LITERATURE REVIEW……………………… …………………7 2.1 Carbon Footprint…………………………………………………………….7 2.1.2 Biological Capacity and Its relation to Carbon Footprint…………… 10 2.2 Carbon Footprint Analysis……………………………………………… 13 v 2.3 Worldwide Carbon Footprint Issues ……………………………… ……16 2.4 Eco-Friendly Awareness for Sustainable Development and Its relation to Carbon Footprint……………………………………………………………… 20 PART III METHODS…………… …………………………………………25 3.1 Research Location and Time …………………………………………… 25 3.2 Resources and Materials………………………………………………… 26 3.2.1 Personnel………………………………………………………………26 3.2 Budget Resources …………………………………………………….26 3.3 Research Design………………………………………………………….26 3.4 Sampling Technique……… …………………………………………….27 3.5 Data Collection………………………………………………………… 28 3.6 Data Analysis…………………………………………………………… 28 3.6.1 Carbon Footprint Test Scoring………… …………….…….……….28 3.6.2 Score Guide for Carbon Footprint Testing…………………… …….30 PART IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ………………………………… 31 4.1 Main Characteristics of Respondents…………………………………… 31 4.2 Difference in Carbon Footprint Score between Groups of Respondents 31 PART V CONCLUSION … …………………………………………….….37 REFRERENCES ………………………………………………………………42 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure Source of Carbon Footprint Emission………………………………… Figure Personal Carbon Footprint: t CO2e/capita (2014) …………………… Figure 3.Vietnam’s Carbon Footprint Emission per Capita…………………….10 Figure World Emission per Capita (1990-2017)…………………………… 18 Figure Growing Worldwide Footprint (1961-2009)………………………….19 Figure Location of Thai Nguyen within Vietnam……………………………25 Figure Score Interpretation Guide……… …………………………….……31 Figure 8.Carbon Footprint Dimension Comparison for Vertical Axis… ….….34 Figure Correspondence Analysis for Axis and Axis 2…………………… 34 vii LIST OF TABLES Table Vietnam Biocapacity Global Hectares per Person (2012-2016)…… 12 Table Respondent’s Characteristics Data Information……………………….32 Table Respondent’s Carbon Footprint Ranges Score Distribution………… 33 viii PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research background Time up to now, the world is continuously and rapidly changing Problems with our environment keep on increasing leading to resource depletion source that becomes a barrier preventing humans to achieve a sustainable life Lack of food production and resource production is one of the main problems in today’s generation The everyday needs, supply and requirements for humans to live is about to go exhaust One of the main causes is the continuously human growth population which burdens our environment causing slow regeneration and preventing fast reproduction Questions why measuring one’s carbon footprints are important and why lend time and attention promoting and supporting eco-friendly awareness towards using environmental resources for sustainable development? It would allow you to see whether your current lifestyle needs alterations when it comes to using our resources and affecting our environment The world’s everyday activities cause’s emissions from the energy we use daily like maneuvering of vehicles, industrial purposes (for business and building purposes), products or services from raw materials and manufacturing to meet the daily necessities of human for living Conserving is one of today’s top priorities involving the use of electricity; natural gas, what and how much you recycle household waste can make small steps to accomplish a sustainable and greener lifestyle According to Carbon Trust (2009), carbon footprint defines total emissions caused by certain events, activities, actions and products expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent The carbon footprint originates from the word ecological footprint which Carbon Trust (2019).Carbon Footprinting Guide Retrieved from: https://www.carbontrust.com/resources/guides/carbon-footprinting-andreporting/carbon-footprinting/ (Accessed last 01/2018) Carbon Trust (2019) “What is a carbon footprint?” Retrieved from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090511102744/http://www.carbontrust.co.uk/sol utions/CarbonFootprinting/what_is_a_carbon_footprint.htm (Accessed last 11/05/2009) Conservation Energy Future (2019).What is being Environmentally Friendly? 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Environment & Urbanization Retrieved from : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_footprint (Accessed from: 1/10/1992) William, E.R., Mathis, W (1990) Ecological Footprint Retrieved from: https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcriptsand-maps/ecological-footprint (Accessed from Encyclopedia 2016) World Data Atlas (2016) Viet Nam - CO2 emissions per capita Retrieved from: https://knoema.com/atlas/Viet-Nam/CO2-emissions-per-capita (Accessed last: 23/11/2018) World Wildlife Fund (2019).The Human Footprint Retrieved from: https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/the-human-footprint World Wildlife Fund.1250 24th Street, N.W Wright, L.; Kemp, S.; Williams, I (2011) Carbon footprinting': towards a universally accepted definition Carbon Management (1): 61–72 doi:10.4155/CMT.10.39 What is carbon footprint?.(Accessed last 24/07/2009) 47 APPENDICES Appendix Research questionnaire translated to Vietnamese: Bạn sử dụng loại lượng cho việc nấu ăn sưởi ấm nhà bạn A.) Củi B.) Khí dầu mỏ hóa lỏng LGP C.) Dầu D.) Khí ga tự nhiên Tần suất giặt đồ bạn nào? A.) Một lần tháng B.) Hai lần tháng C.) Một lần tuần D.) Hai lần nhiều tuần Bạn thường sử dụng thiết bị nhà? A.) Tivi B.) Máy tính để bàn C.) Tủ lạnh D.) Máy sấy quần áo/Bình nóng lạnh E.) Điều hịa Bạn có tắt đèn không cần thiết? A.) Luôn B.) Thường xuyên C.) Thỉnh thoảng D.) Hiếm E.) Nkhông Bạn có tắt máy tính, trị chơi điện tử thiết bị điện tử đồ gia dụng khác bạn không sử dụng không? A.) Luôn B.) Thường xuyên C.) Thỉnh thoảng Bạn đến học phương tiẹn gì? A.) Đi xe đạp B.) Xe Máy C.) Ơ tơ D.) Xe buýt xe 16 chỗ Bố mẹ bạn sử dụng loại phương tiện nào? A.) Không (Không sở hữu phương tiện nào) B.) Xe máy C.) Ơ tơ D.) Xe bán tải xe tải Bạn có thường xuyên máy bay không? A.) Một lần/năm B.) Một lần/tháng C.) đến lần/tháng D.) Một lần hơn/Tuần Bất bạn đâu đó, bạn để đến địa điểm bạn mong muốn? A.) Đi B.) Đi xe máy C.) Xử dụng phương tiện công cộng (Bus, Taxi, v.v) 10 Loại xe bạn thường lái? A.) Không sở hữu phương tiện B.) Xe máy C.) Ơ tô 48 D.) Hiếm E.) Không 11 Bạn có thường uống đồ uống có ga (soda pop) không? A.) Không uống B.) lon/ngày C.) lon/ngày D.) lon nhiều hơn/ngày 12 Bạn có thường xun ăn ngồi gọi đồ ăn nhà hàng không? A.) Không B.) lần/tháng C.) lần/tuần D.) lần nhiều hơn/tuần 13 Khi bạn mua đồ ăn cho tuần, lượng đồ ăn rác bỏ bao nhiêu? A.) Không B.) 1%-10% C.) 11%-25% D.) 25% trở lên 14 Bạn có thích mua thực phẩm chế biến địa phương thực phẩm nhập không? A.) Có B.) Khơng 15 Bạn có thường xun ăn thịt không? A.) Không, Tôi người ăn chay B.) Có, Tơi người u thịt 16 Bất bạn mua sắm đồ đạc, bạn có thích mua sản phẩm thương hiệu địa phương sản phẩm thương hiệu nhập khơng? A.) Có B.) Khơng 17 Bạn có thường chi tiêu để mua quần áo sản phẩm mỹ phẩm? A.) Có B.) Khơng 18 Khi bạn mua sắm, bạn có mua thứ bạn cần khơng phải thứ bạn muốn? A.) Có B.) Khơng 19 Khi mua đồ phụ tùng mặt hàng điện tử, bạn thích mua loại nào? A.) Tơi không mua B.) Secondhand - đồ cũ - hàng sử dụng C.) Mới đại 20 Bạn mua mặt hàng sau năm nay? A.) Tivi, Máy tính để bàn (PC) B.) Tủ lạnh, máy sấy tóc C.) Máy giặt, điều hòa 49 Câu hỏi thêm - (Viêt tiếng anh bạn có thể) 1.) Sau trả lời bảng khảo sát, bạn có muốn thay đổi cách sử dụng nguồn tài nguyên môi trường không? Nếu có bạn làm nào? 2.) Bạn đưa số lời khuyên hữu ích kiến nghị để thúc đẩy nhận thức môi trường thân thiện việc thay đổi cải thiện thói quen tiêu thụ carbon xấu bạn? Tên: Dành cho Sinh Viên Tuổi: Chuyên ngành: Giới tính: Địa chỉ: Nam/Nữ Lớp / Khóa: Trường: Dành cho người làm Nghề nghiệp: Nơi làm việc: Trình độ học vấn 50 Appendix Research questionnaire in English What type of fuel or energy you used in cooking and heating at your home? A.) Wood B.)Propane (LPG) C.)Oil D.) Natural Gas (Methane) How often you laundry? A.) Once per month B.) Twice per month C.) Once per week D.) Twice or more per week What appliance you usually use in your home? A.) Television B.)Desktop computer and monitor C.) Refrigerator D.) Clothes dryer/ Water heater E.) Air Conditioner Do you turn the lights off when not needed? A.) Always B.) Usually C.) Sometimes D.) Rarely E.) Never Do you turn off your computer, video games or other electronics and home appliances when you’re not using them? A.) Always B.) Usually C.) Sometimes D.) Rarely E.) Never 11 How many carbonated drinks (soda or pop) you drink? A.) None (I prefer water to drink) B.) One can per day C.) Two cans per day D.) or more cans per day How you get to school? A.) Walk or ride your bike B.) Motorcycle C.) Car D.) Bus or Van What kind of vehicle(s) your parents drive? A.) None (I don’t own a vehicle) B.) Motorcycle C.) Car D.) SUV, Van or Truck How often you travel by plane? A.) Once a year B.) Once per month C.) to times a month D.) Once or more per week Whenever you go somewhere, what you to reach your destination? A.) I walk B.) I ride my motorbike C.) I take public transportation (like taxi, bus, etc.) 10 What type of vehicle you usually drive? A.) I don’t know own any vehicle B.) Motorbike C.) Car 16 Whenever you go shopping for your stuffs, you prefer buying local brand products than imported brand products? A.) Yes B) No 51 12 How often you eat outside or order food at a restaurant? A.) Never B.) Once per month C.) Once per week D.) Twice or more per week 13 When you buy groceries good for a week, how much is wasted and thrown away? A.) None B.) 1%-10% C.)11%-25% D.) More than 25% 14 Do you prefer buying locally made foods than imported foods? A.) Yes B.) No 17 Do you usually spend less on buying clothes and cosmetic products? A.) Yes B.) No 15 Do you often eat meat during meals? A.) No, I’m a Vegetarian B.) Yes, I’m a meat lover 20 Which of the following items have you bought this year? A.) Television, Personal computer (PC) B.) Refrigerator, Hair dryer C.) Washing machine, Air conditioner 18 When you go shopping, you only buy the things that you needed and not the things that you wanted? A.) Yes B.) No 19 When buying gadgets or electronic items, which you prefer? A.) I don’t buy them B.) “2nd hand” or previously owned C.) New and latest model EXTRA QUESTIONS (Write in English if you can) 1.) After answering the survey sheet, will you change your way of using our environmental resources? How? Name: 2.) Can you give some helpful tips and recommendations to promote Eco-friendly awareness in changing and improving your bad carbon consumption habits? Student: ( ) Age: Major: Gender: Grade/year: Address: School: Working: ( ) Occupation: Place of work: Educational attainment: 52 Appendix The following pictures are during doing the survey (Thai Nguyen, Vietnam): 53 54 55 56 57 ... DTN1454290096 Measure carbon footprint through human behavioral Thesis Title perspective towards using environment’s essential reserve of selected residents in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam Supervisor (s) Dr... environmental footprint The study focused on the carbon footprint of selected residents in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam with the help of an instrument which helps to calculate the carbon footprint of a person... Does the behavior of residents in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam towards environment’s essential resources affect their carbon footprint? • What are the major causes of human carbon footprint and how can