Currently, the trend of shifting to using lowemissions energy forms is becoming urgent in the world, including Vietnam. The demand for energy from fossil fuel sources such as oil and coal is forecasted to gradually decrease, replaced by more environmentally friendly forms of energy such as liquefied natural gas (LNG). , biomass fuel, green hydrogen gas is produced from carbon neutral sources. In particular, hydrogen and ammonia are emerging as a potential solution because they not only meet clean conditions, do not produce CO, CO2 but importantly, have an endless supply. After receiving the modulation, it can be converted into other forms of energy such as heat and electricity. Not only applied to energy systems, hydrogen and ammonia can be used as input materials for many different industries such as chemical, petrochemical, metallurgy and even in the fields of cosmetology and medicine. ...
Investor VNEW ENERGY WORKS CO., LTD Report INVESTMENT PROPOSED GREEN HYDROGEN MANUFACTURING Report CPA CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT JOINT STOCK COMPANY February 2022 Investor VNEW ENERGY WORKS CO., LTD Report INVESTMENT PROPOSED GREEN HYDROGEN MANUFACTURING Report CPA CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT JOINT STOCK COMPANY Khanh Hoa, February 2022 REPRESENTATIVE OF INVESTORS REPRESENTATIVE CPA GENERAL DIRECTOR GENERAL DIRECTOR Doan Van Phuoc Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I OVERVIEW I.1 ABOUT TECHNOLOGY I.2 HOW BLUE HYDRO IS PRODUCED I.3 INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE CHAPTER II PROFESSIONAL TECHNOLOGY OF THE FACTORY 11 II.1 PROFESSIONAL TECHNOLOGY OF COMBINATIONS 11 II.1.1 ELECTRICAL PARTS 11 II.1.2 AMMONIA GENERAL PARTS 12 II.2 EXPECTED GAS PRODUCT 12 II.3 PRELIMINARY INVESTMENT CONSTRUCTION ITEMS OF THE FACTORY 12 II.4 PRELIMINARY SOLUTIONS FOR TRANSPORTATION OF FINISHED GAS 13 II.5 INPUT MATERIALS 13 CHAPTER III HYDRO INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND IN THE WORLD 15 III.1 THE INTEREST OF GOVERNMENTS 15 III.2 VIETNAM'S INTEREST 16 III.3 CHALLENGES THAT NEED TO BE REMOVED 16 CHAPTER IV INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT 17 IV.1 GOVERNMENT'S DETERMINATION IMPLEMENTATION OF NET-ZERO 17 CHAPTER V FAIBLE FUTURE TECHNOLOGY 20 V.1 ASSESSMENT ON CO2 EMISSIONS INCREASE 20 V.2 ORIENTATION OF SOLUTIONS TO REDUCING CO2 Emissions 20 CHAPTER VI PROJECT MODEL 23 VI.1 BASIC CONTENTS OF A HYDROGEN PROJECT 23 VI.1.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES : 23 VI.1.2 PROJECT SCALE FOR 12 ELECTRICAL MODULE FACTORY 23 CHAPTER VII FUEL RESOURCES AND INVESTMENT RATE 27 VII.1 EVN'S ELECTRICAL SALE PRICE 27 VII.2 REGULATIONS ON POWER BUYING TIMES 27 VII.2.1 NORMAL HOURS 27 Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD VII.2.2 PEAK 28 VII.2.3 IDLE 28 VII.3 ESTAIMATED TIME FRAME FOR POWER BUYING 28 VII.4 PRODUCTION INVESTMENT ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION COST 28 VII.5 CONTINUOUS WORKING POWER 28 VII.6 RESERVE TOTAL INVESTMENT LEVEL 29 CHAPTER VIII FUTURE ORIENTATION 30 VIII.1 RESEACH ABOUT TECHNOLOGY 30 VIII.1.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLE 30 VIII.1.2 STRUCTURE 30 VIII.1.3 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 31 VIII.1.4 APPLICATIONS TO AUTO MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 31 VIII.2 ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT 32 VIII.2.1 ORIENTATION OF ELECTRICAL PRODUCTION FROM HYDROGEN 32 VIII.2.2 ORIENTATION ON HYDRO FUEL BATTERY FACTORY 33 VIII.2.3 WORLD TREND 34 VIII.2.4 DEVELOPMENT VISION 35 CHAPTER IX LOCATION SELECTION AND PROPOSALS 37 Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing CHAPTER I I.1 VNEW Co.LTD OVERVIEW ABOUT TECHNOLOGY Currently, the trend of shifting to using low-emissions energy forms is becoming urgent in the world, including Vietnam The demand for energy from fossil fuel sources such as oil and coal is forecasted to gradually decrease, replaced by more environmentally friendly forms of energy such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) , biomass fuel, green hydrogen gas is produced from carbon neutral sources In particular, hydrogen and ammonia are emerging as a potential solution because they not only meet clean conditions, not produce CO, CO2 but importantly, have an endless supply After receiving the modulation, it can be converted into other forms of energy such as heat and electricity Not only applied to energy systems, hydrogen and ammonia can be used as input materials for many different industries such as chemical, petrochemical, metallurgy and even in the fields of cosmetology and medicine Currently, hydrogen gas is still mainly produced through the thermochemical process of fossil fuels such as natural gas, oil or coal due to cost advantages However, this process produces many emissions that cause environmental pollution and the greenhouse effect Therefore, other more environmentally friendly hydrogen and ammonia production methods are being encouraged to develop and commercialize at increasingly competitive costs In which, hydrogen production by electrolysis and then ammonia synthesis with energy input from mainly environmentally friendly renewable energy sources will be an advantage in the development path of the world world today, towards an industrial world applying green energy Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD The output product of these plants is Hydrogen gas, produced by water electrolysis technology, serving domestic demand and export in the power, chemical, petrochemical and metallurgical industries The project, when put into operation, will contribute to local socio-economic development, and at the same time encourage Vietnam's Green Hydro Industry to develop, contributing to the Net-zero roadmap as committed by the Governmen Vietnam Hydrogen is a fuel for many industries Hydrogen has become a target in the energy development strategy of many countries In particular, green hydrogen is also expected to be the key to a zero-carbon economy It is also an efficient energy storage solution, helping to promote the development of renewable energy sources such as wind power, solar power, etc The peculiarity of our country is that areas with strengths in renewable energy development are not the main load areas This leads to the fact that there exist areas with "stagnation" of energy sources without timely building infrastructure to release capacity to consumption load centers Typically, Ninh Thuan - Binh Thuan area, the coastal area of the Mekong Delta, etc These are areas with very strong development of renewable energy, but the power grid through this area is not enough to load at full capacity This immediately forced the dismissal of a very wasteful energy, the next effect is that the Plants not continue to invest despite having great potential To overcome the excess of energy and balance the capacity, contributing to the regulation of the national power system, the solution of energy storage needs to be considered For example, Ninh Thuan - Binh Thuan area has good potential energy from adjacent mountainous areas that can build stored hydroelectric power plants However, the energy storage power plants have great environmental impacts, affecting the forest ecosystem, etc and it is only limited, solving the problem of balancing local capacity according to peak-off-peak hours And in the end, that storage source still has to re-energize the regional grid during peak hours Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD Meanwhile, the solution of hydrogen production shows a storage efficiency equivalent to that of a storage power plant, but has the superior advantage of being able to transport dispersed hydrogen to load areas for power generation, or use directly for generating heat to run turbines for other industries, or electrifying in very flexible fuel cells (without stressing the on-site grid during both peak and off-peak hours, to make room for other forms of storage) other fixed capacity) Thus, electricity is used in the hydrogen production process (by electrolysis of water), then it is generated by electrochemical processes (in fuel cells) or generated from gas turbines Running on hydrogen, hydrogen is a long-term and effective energy storage method Hydrogen produced from renewable energy can be considered as a form of stored energy, for use within reasonable time frames; transport to areas where there is no advantage or provide for transportation… Therefore, the development of Green Hydro will also help promote the development of renewable energy and the trend of energy transition quality towards a zero-carbon economy Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD The combination of renewable energy plants ( solar power plants , wind power plants ) with green hydrogen production facilities by electrolysis and power plants using fuel cells or gas turbines powered by hydrogen to form an integrated electric-gas energy system is also a solution to take advantage of both renewable energy and hydrogen as an energy storage system The generation of electricity from renewable energy is increasingly cheaper, which is a great advantage to develop the green hydrogen production industry The areas of Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan, Mekong River Delta, and Gulf of Tonkin are areas with great potential for renewable energy, the transmission of electricity from offshore wind fields to the shore to connect to the transmission grid Loading is both a complex and expensive solution Accompanying that is the issue of security and safety of the undersea electric grid Applying hydrogen production technology right at sea will solve that difficult problem Hydro customers have easy access to move finished products around the world via conduit mooring buoys without the need to build large-scale ports from land I.2 HOW BLUE HYDRO IS PRODUCED The technology is based on generating hydrogen, a very common and highly reactive light fuel, through an electrochemical process This method uses an electric current to separate the hydrogen from the oxygen in the water Therefore, if there is electricity from renewable energy sources, people will be able to produce electricity without having to emit CO2 into the atmosphere Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD According to the IEA, this approach will help reduce 830 million tons of CO2 emitted annually in production processes using fossil fuels Similarly, replacing all of the world's gray hydrogen would require 3,000 TWh/year from new renewable energy sources , an amount equivalent to the current electricity needs of the whole of Europe However, there are some questions about the viability of Green Hydrogen due to the Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD relatively high production cost But continuing to gradually decarbonize the earth will help reduce the cost of producing renewable energy, alleviating doubts Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical element in nature As noted by the IEA, the global demand for hydrogen gas has tripled since 1975 and this figure has reached an average of 70 million tons/year in 2018 In addition, it is also a clean energy source because hydrogen production does not produce any harmful emissions Unlike coal and oil, hydrogen energy production leaves no waste residue in the air Hydrogen has a long relationship with human industrial activities This gas has played a role in fueling cars, airships and even spacecraft, since the early years of the 19th century The decarbonization of world economic activities is almost impossible to delay in the near future and it will further highlight the role of hydrogen in human life In addition, if its production cost is reduced by 50% by 2030 as predicted by the World Hydrogen Council, Hydrogen is definitely the fuel we are looking for in the future And also from those solid scientific foundations, major industrial manufacturers, including the automobile and motorbike manufacturing industry, etc., have begun to hesitate in getting ready for a source transformation revolution internal combustion fuel or transition to the electric vehicle era Toyota has researched to convert and successfully test a gasoline-powered car model to use Hydrogen fuel In fact, in the US, Russia, China, France and Germany, green hydrogen has been considered as a fuel source Some other countries like Japan even go further with the vision of becoming a green hydrogen economy Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing CHAPTER VI VI.1 VNEW Co.LTD PROJECT MODEL BASIC CONTENTS OF A HYDROGEN PROJECT VI.1.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES : - Producing Hydrogen and products from Hydrogen for domestic and international markets, towards a clean green energy solution according to the roadmap that the Prime Minister has committed to reduce net emissions to zero at COP26 (Net zero) The four key points of the commitment to net zero emissions by 2050 include: o Rapid scaling of clean electricity; o Eliminate coal power by the 2030s for major economies, and by the 2040s globally; o Stop issuing new permits, new construction, and new or direct government support for coal power projects; o Strengthen national and international efforts to ensure a robust framework for equitable transition - 220/35kV substation and connection line will meet the load demand of Green Hydro Factory Enhance stability and safe operation of the power grid - The main load of the 220/35kV substation is to power the electrolytic modules of the green hydrogen production line (~20MW/electrolyte Module plus ~4MW/storage module plus ~1MW for related ancillary solutions each electrolytic module) The total capacity for an electrolytic module is about 25MW If the plant is expected to have 12 modules, it will need 300MW continuously Therefore, in transformer grams to determine the continuous working capacity and standby power Normally will choose gamut of substation 220/35kV-3x175MVA Then 2x175MVA machines are enough for production, 01 175MVA leveling machine and hot backup to stabilize production VI.1.2 PROJECT SCALE FOR 12 ELECTRICAL MODULE FACTORY VI.1.2.1 Factory construction scale The factory to be built in this phase includes: - 12 electrolytic modules, with each module having a capacity of about 20MW - 01 substation 220/35kV to supply power to the Factory - Cold storage system to store Hydrogen and products from Hydrogen - Operation control center - Auxiliary buildings (Expert House, Shift Hostel, Garage, Permanent House, Perspective of the whole Factory ) Investment Proposal Report 23 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD VI.1.2.2 Scale of 220/35kV transformer station to supply power for Green Hydro factory - 220/35kV substation No 1: Install 03 220/35kV-175MVA transformers (backup for capacity lifting of 5x175MVA in phase 2) - Reserve land for construction of 220/35kV substation No (phase 3) with installed capacity: 04 transformers 220/35kV-175MVA Assess the land fund outside the plant in the direction of connecting to LNG location to determine the 220kV route corridor - The 220kV side uses the diagram "System of busbars with ring busbars" including 07 compartments installed in this phase and backup compartments as follows: + 03 main transformer compartments 220/35kV – 175MVA; + 02 feeders to connect dual circuits to the regional 220kV power grid; + 01 compartment for contact breaker; + 01 ring cutter compartment; + Backup 02 main compartments of MBA; 02 compartments for communication line with 220kV substation No and 02 compartments for 220kV feeder line to receive on-site renewable energy Investment Proposal Report 24 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD - The 35kV side uses the indoor unit to supply power to the plant's electrolytic complexes Consideration is given to the possibility of receiving power from a nearby renewable energy system via 35kV feeders - Reactive power compensation system: Installing 35kV side compensation systems installed outdoors - Reserve land fund for future development Investment Proposal Report 25 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VI.1.2.3 VNEW Co.LTD Scale of 220kV transmission line connected to the station: - Voltage level : 220kV; - Number of circuits : 02 circuits; - Starting point factory; : Busbar TBA 33 / 220kV New construction Green Hydro - End point: 220kV busbar to prevent expansion at 500kV or 220kV substation in the area (or transit on a 220kV transmission line across the area); - Corridor: 23 meters (11.5 meters from the center line to each side); - Conductor : aluminum wire with steel core 2xACSR- 500 (2 wire/phase split), the first stage only installs 1xACSR-500 enough for the capacity of 12 electrolytic modules; - Lightning conductor : expected PHLOX-95.5 and OPGW-90 - Insulation : according to IEC standards; - Grounding : using pile -ray grounding types suitable to the resistivity of the geology in the area; - Column: 2-circuit steel column with galvanized steel section; - Foundation: pile foundation, reinforced concrete slab foundation cast in situ according to the results of topographic survey when formulating the FS; - Line length: about 15km VI.1.2.4 Land use area: - The land area of the substation and the end of the 220kV transmission line is expected to be about 3.5 hectares, located entirely within the factory area - Permanent land occupation area at the foundations of 220kV transmission line poles: each line pole is expected to occupy land (25x25)=625m2 Depending on the route plan, there will be a reasonable arrangement of columns and determination of the total land occupied area - The area of temporary land occupation at the foundation of 220kV transmission line poles serving the transportation and construction process is estimated (5x100)=500m2 for each foundation construction location This part of the area is only compensated for crops, temporary farming at the time of construction, completion of construction will be restored and returned to the land owner - Area affected by the safety corridor of the 220kVkV transmission line Investment Proposal Report 26 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD CHAPTER VII FUEL RESOURCES AND INVESTMENT RATE VII.1 EVN'S ELECTRICAL SALE PRICE VII.2 REGULATIONS ON POWER BUYING TIMES VII.2.1 NORMAL HOURS Includes Monday to Saturday From 4:00 a.m to 9:30 a.m (5 hours and 30 minutes); From 11:30 to 17:00 (05 hours and 30 minutes); From 20:00 to 22:00 (02 hours) Sunday From 4:00 a.m to 10:00 p.m (18 hours) Investment Proposal Report 27 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD VII.2.2 PEAK Includes Monday to Saturday From 09:30 to 11:30 (02 hours); From 17:00 to 20:00 (03 hours) Sunday: no rush hour VII.2.3 IDLE All days of the week: from 22:00 to 04:00 the next day (06 hours) VII.3 ESTAIMATED TIME FRAME FOR POWER BUYING Electricity purchase price (kWh) 1480 VND ~ 6.4 Uscent Electricity purchase price (kWh) 2702 VND ~ 11.7 Uscent Electricity purchase price (kWh) 945 VND ~ 4.1 UScent T2 - T7 04:00 - 9:30 11:30 - 17:0020:00 22:00 09:30 - 11:30 17:00 - 20:00 22:00 - 04:00 CN 04:00 - 22:00 22:00 - 04:00 VII.4 PRODUCTION INVESTMENT ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION COST Total capacity MW 10 00 Total power consumption per hour MW/hour 1000 Total power consumption per day (19 hours) MWh/day 19,000 won Total power consumption per year (350 days) MWh/year 6,650 00 Input electricity cost per day Input electricity cost per month Input electricity cost per year $/day $/month $/year (350 days) 1,083,000 won 32,490,000 VND 379,050,000 VND VII.5 CONTINUOUS WORKING POWER Expected electrolytic capacity of 1GW, continuous working 19 hours/day and 350 days/year will give the expected performance according to the summary table below: Module = 20MW + MW auxiliary = 25MW Module = 4000 Nm3 H2/h = 356kg H2/h (1Nm3 = 0.089kg) Investment Proposal Report 28 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD 40 modules = 1GW = 40 x 356 kg H2/h = 14,240 kg H2/h Electrolyte efficiency (excluding auxiliary) equivalent: 56kWh/kg H2 Electrolytic efficiency (including auxiliary) equivalent: 70kWh/kg H2 Hydrogen output for 1GW of electrolysis per year (including auxiliary power), with the ability to mobilize continuously 19h/day and 350 days/year: 14,240 x 19 x350 = 94,696,000 kg H2/year Power consumption of 19h/day will be equivalent to the tariff for each week: - 06 off-peak hours x days = x x 945 VND = 34,020 VND - 13 normal hours x days = 13 x x 1,480 VND = 115,440 VND - Sun: 18 hours normally = 18 x 1,480 VND = 26,640 VND Total for week (7 days) = 34,020 + 115,440 + 26,640 = 176,100 VND (19h) Average electricity price for hour is: 176,100/7/19 = 1,324 VND/kWh Equivalent: $0.057/kWh (5.7UScent/kWh) Water consumption for the electrolysis cycle : 12m H /MW / day Equivalent: 12 x 1000 = 12,000m H /GW / day Currently, the price of hydrogen trading in the world ranges from 10-14 $/kg Exchange rate: USD = 23,100 VND Export value of finished hydrogen ~ 1÷1.3 billion USD/year VII.6 RESERVE TOTAL INVESTMENT LEVEL Investment rate per 1MW of Plant capacity, including substation infrastructure and connected 220kV transmission line is: 60 billion VND The project is divided into phases and the investment allocation is as follows: - Investment level for phase (300MW): VND 18,000 billion ~ USD 782,600; - Investment level for phase (300MW): VND 18,000 billion ~ USD 782,600; - Investment level for phase (400MW): VND 24 trillion ~ USD 1,039,600; - Total investment of the whole project: 60,000 billion VND ~ 2,604,800 USD Investment Proposal Report 29 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD CHAPTER VIII FUTURE ORIENTATION VIII.1 RESEACH ABOUT TECHNOLOGY VIII.1.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLE A fuel cell is a device where an electrochemical reaction combines Hydrogen and Oxygen to generate electricity, water and heat This process can take place on-site, ie, storing and regenerating on-site in a closed process to regulate the power system The process of generating electrical energy will come with purified water as a by-product Or rotate, build fuel cell modules (Power plants) in locations near the load, both providing electricity and providing pure water VIII.1.2 STRUCTURE Fuel cells have a core made of a proton-conducting plastic membrane (PEM = Proton Exchange Membrane = proton exchange membrane) On both sides these are coated with a platinum catalyst and the electrodes are made of graphite paper (dipole plate) The generation of electrical energy is carried out in a fuel cell using hydrogen gas Electrical energy is stored in a battery or supplied to an electric motor Small air channels are milled in dipole plates, through which hydrogen gas is introduced on one side and air or oxygen on the other side Investment Proposal Report 30 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VIII.1.3 VNEW Co.LTD PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION On one side of the fuel cell (cathode) hydrogen gas is split into protons and electrons by the catalyst Only protons can cross the plastic film (PEM) to get to the other side of the battery (anode) Electrons (electrons) cannot pass through the plastic film The negatively charged electrons move towards the positively charged side and form an electric current At the anode protons, electrons and oxygen combine to create water VIII.1.4 APPLICATIONS TO AUTO MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY A vehicle using Hydrogen fuel cells is currently being researched and developed The vehicle will be fitted with a high-pressure hydrogen gas tank: This tank has an intake port located at the rear of the vehicle The tank has a volume of about 170 liters and is filled to a pressure of about 350 bar Thus, the car has a range of about 460km Basic components of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle - 12V car battery: Used to supply voltage to accessories as well as power supply systems and equipment systems - High voltage battery: Has a voltage of ~290V and is installed under the floor of Investment Proposal Report 31 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD the vehicle - Fuel cell assembly : Has a capacity of about 100KW and is installed on the floor of the vehicle - Drive unit : Consists of a three-phase permanently activated synchronous motor and inverter - Power inverter: Converts the DC voltage generated in the fuel cells into the AC voltage required for the drive motor At the same time, the high voltage battery is supplied with electrical energy from the inverter VIII.2 ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT VIII.2.1 ORIENTATION HYDROGEN OF ELECTRICAL PRODUCTION FROM With a vision of the future, technology-oriented, when we will evaluate the location will need an element of redundancy Therefore, besides the construction of the Hydrogen Electrolysis Plant, we will have a reserve of land fund for the construction of a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Power Plant on the premises of the Electrolysis Plant to close the on-site process when the need arises increased load or the need to run in the background to regulate the power system In the immediate future, we have oriented to build a Hydrogen Factory combined with a Clean Water Plant to take advantage of the oxygen generated from the electrolysis of water (ozonation of water) At a later stage, when developing the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Power Plant, it will combine with the Water Plant infrastructure in the previous stage to close a super clean production cycle Investment Proposal Report 32 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VIII.2.2 VNEW Co.LTD ORIENTATION ON HYDRO FUEL BATTERY FACTORY The explosion of electric vehicles has attracted more attention to battery applications such as storing and transporting energy But it's not just power storage products that are experiencing rapid growth According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), the fuel cell industry almost doubled in 2014 with more than 50,000 fuel cells consumed, worth an estimated $2.2 billion With that development trend, we orient to build a Hydrogen fuel cell factory to provide on-site power plants, which will supply power plants in other load areas and other industries with high demand Other needs (automobiles, civil, industrial plants ) Investment Proposal Report 33 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VIII.2.3 VNEW Co.LTD WORLD TREND Unlike conventional batteries, fuel cells can continuously generate electricity as long as the oxygen and hydrogen fuels are available Not only that, the fuel cell does not have a fuel combustion reaction, it makes almost no noise during the reaction to generate electricity, and is or times more efficient at generating energy than an internal combustion engine Not only that, the fuel cell system is a clean source of electricity production and does not emit polluting waste In short, a fuel cell is an engine that consumes hydrogen to produce electricity and water The liquid discharged from the exhaust pipe of a vehicle using a fuel cell is cleaner than the water that comes out of the faucet in the house The reason that fuel cells attract investors is because the potential of this type of product is huge There is hardly an energy market that fuel cells cannot enter, so fuel cells are considered to be a market worth trillions of dollars The biggest reason why fuel cells are more efficient than normal batteries is that fuel cells can continuously generate electricity, while normal batteries have to go through a process of charging and discharging to be reused So, theoretically, a fuel cell can run as long as there is fuel left That's why Toyota Corporation thinks it is more convenient that instead of recharging the vehicle, it will refuel the vehicle's fuel cell Thus, cars like Toyota Mirai will only need minutes to move on instead of taking hours to recharge the car This advantage is not only applicable in the field of electric vehicles but also in many other fields Investment Proposal Report 34 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD Not only has the advantage of refueling time compared to traditional batteries, but in the field of storage, hydrogen fuel cells also have outstanding advantages in volume Although the traditional battery is an excellent storage device for a finite amount of electricity for a short period of time, the large amount of electricity is the disadvantage of the traditional battery The increased size of the fuel cell market means that costs will decrease, and it is possible that the fuel cell energy storage industry will bring significant profits Fuel cells, thanks to the explosive growth of electric vehicles, have grown steadily over the past few years But if you look at it in the long term, the development potential of fuel cells can still be even greater With a value of $2.2 billion for the US market alone, that still seems a bit too modest, but the market is growing rapidly With so many applications in different fields, fuel cells can be produced on a larger scale, at a lower cost, and become a more attractive product for the energy market Hydrogen fuel cells have been studied and applied on an industrial scale for a long time, but due to limited energy sources, the production of hydrogen in the world today still mainly applies Gray Hydrogen technology and a The Blue Hydrogen part still produces a large amount of CO2 into the environment In 2013, Hyundai became the first manufacturer to produce the ix35 Fuel Cell electric vehicle A 100kW fuel cell system and 700-barrel storage enable a NEDC-certified 594km range VIII.2.4 DEVELOPMENT VISION In the period from 2016 to now (and especially from 2018 for Vietnam), there has been a boom in the development of renewable energy plants that not produce a very small amount of CO2 (from the transportation system) factory operation) Besides, LNG and CNG gas power projects also develop to compensate for the slowing down of the nuclear power industry (in Germany, nuclear power plants are even phased out) In Vietnam, many LNG power projects have been planned and implemented such as Bac Lieu, Ninh Thuan, Quang Tri, Thanh Hoa, etc The LNG plant is not quite as clean as other renewable energy sources (Solar, Wind, geothermal, ) but the CO2 emissions causing the greenhouse effect will be reduced by 50% compared to coal and oil thermal power plants At the same time, other harmful gases such as NOx, SOx, Mercury, dispersed particles, etc are very small compared to coal and oil sources In return, gas-fired LNG has stability to run in the background and coordinates with other renewable energy sources very well, so it is considered a near-clean fuel source and is being encouraged for investment With such an explosion of clean and near-clean energy sources, it is a very good condition for the hydrogen production industry from environmentally friendly water electrolysis technology, so the production of Hydrogen and products from Hydrogen Investment Proposal Report 35 Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD will is the inevitable trend The hydrogen fuel cell industry has also emerged recently Recently, Hyundai Mobis, Korea's largest auto parts manufacturing company, broke ground to build two hydrogen fuel cell factories, including a fuel cell factory in Incheon and an assembly plant systems in Ulsan, expected to be put into operation from 2023 Investment Proposal Report 36 Green hydrogen Manufacturing CHAPTER IX VNEW Co.LTD LOCATION SELECTION AND PROPOSALS Clean and near-clean energy sources => Hydrogen production => Hydrogen fuel cell production (collection of clean water) => Power generation is the inevitable development chain of the world Vietnam has great potential in terms of clean energy sources as well as good transport infrastructure and investment environment, predicting a revolution in the Hydrogen industry in the not too distant future VNEW Energy Works Co., Ltd wishes to become one of the first units to build and develop Hydrogen industry in Vietnam Investment Proposal Report 37 ... future Hydrogen produced by this method is called green hydrogen Current popular hydrogen production technologies Model of combined hydrogen production technology Investment proposal report 14 Green. .. Investment proposal report 10 Green hydrogen Manufacturing CHAPTER II VNEW Co.LTD PROFESSIONAL TECHNOLOGY OF THE FACTORY Green Hydrogen factory has main parts, including Hydrogen electrolysis (Electrolysis),... the vision of becoming a green hydrogen economy Investment proposal report Green hydrogen Manufacturing VNEW Co.LTD So how will this fuel source impact in the future? Hydrogen and oxygen reacting