Tài liệu MySQL Administrator’s Bible- P18 ppt

Resources C ■ Wiki (http://forge.mysql.com/wiki/Main Page) — Anyone can create and edit pages to share knowledge. Current information on the wiki includes conference presenta- tions, user-contributed documentation, articles, tutorials, and specifications. Getting Documentation The official documentation for MySQL is online at http://dev.mysql.com/doc. It includes links to: ■ The comprehensive MySQL Reference Manual, for downloading or online viewing. The reference manuals for MySQL 5.0 and 5.1 have been translated into several different for- mats and languages. Visit http://dev.mysql.com/doc/#refman toseeamatrixofthe documentation available. ■ MySQL GUI Tools documentation ■ Expert Guides for internals, the Cluster API, and the test framework ■ The sakila, world, employee, and menagerie example databases ■ Community contributed documentation ■ Documentation about the MySQL documentation At the time of this writing, the official reference manual for MySQL 6.0 is only available in English, and can be viewed online at http://dev.mysql.com/ doc/refman/6.0/en/index.html or downloaded from the main documentation site at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/#refman. Cheat sheets and quick references ■ MySQL 6.0 function and statement cheat sheets (www.visibone.com/sql/)— From VisiBone, full-color quick-reference guides to all of the MySQL functions and state- ments. Available for free download or purchase laminated pages or posters. Indicates whether a function or statement is part of the ISO/ANSI SQL:2003 standard. ■ EXPLAIN cheat sheet (http://www.pythian.com/blogs/960/explain- cheatsheet ) — Developed by author Sheeri K. Cabral with formatting help from Dave Edwards, the EXPLAIN cheat sheet is a freely downloadable reference for quick or offline lookup of what the different fields of output from EXPLAIN means ■ Common DBA tasks cheat sheet ( http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/MySQL/ CheatSheet ) — From Wikibooks, a cheat sheet containing commands for sample queries, metadata access, privilege administration, data types, resetting the root password, and more. ■ Metadata access comparison ( http://sqlzoo.net/howto/source/z.dir/ i12meta.xml ) — Shows how to access metadata such as table names, column names, and the software version in many vendors’ DBMS, including MySQL. A similar cheat 817 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. C Resources sheet, formatted for printing, is available at http://mentalaxis.com/ref/mysql cheatsheet.pdf . Learning More There are many resources for further education about MySQL. The most recent and up-to-date learning opportunities can be found online or in person, in the form of articles and presenta- tions. Articles ■ Planet MySQL (www.planetmysql.org) — An aggregated feed of blog posts from the MySQL Community. The top 30 most active contributors are highlighted, so if you prefer you can follow the links and choose to follow a few individual blogs. ■ MySQL Magazine ( www.mysqlzine.net) — Edited by Keith Murphy, MySQL Maga- zine’s inaugural issue appeared in the summer of 2007. MySQL Magazine is produced four times annually, with current and back issues freely available online as printable PDFs. ■ MySQL Developer Zone articles ( http://dev.mysql.com/tech-resources/ articles ) and news (http://dev.mysql.com/tech-resources/news) — Collec- tions of tech news and articles from and for MySQL developers ■ MySQL Newsletter ( www.mysql.com/news-and-events/newsletter)—The monthly newsletter ‘‘with articles about new products, new features, training, security issues, known bugs, and events of interest to the MySQL community.’’ Current and back issues are freely available online. ■ MySQL White Papers ( www.mysql.com/why-mysql/white-papers)—White papers about MySQL. ■ Sun’s list of MySQL Resources for System Administrators ( www.sun.com/ bigadmin/topics/mysql ) — Sun’s BigAdmin System Administration Portal contains a section on MySQL resources for system administrators. ■ HowToForge articles ( www.howtoforge.com/howtos/mysql) — How To articles for MySQL tasks. Presentations There are many resources for seeing presentation slides and videos available: ■ MySQL presentations from before 2007 ( http://dev.mysql.com/tech- resources/presentations/ ) — Presentations from conferences before 2007 ■ Presentations from the 2007 MySQL User Conference and Expo ( www. technocation.org/content/2007-mysql-user-conference-and-expo- presentations-and-videos ) — A comprehensive list of presentations, slides, notes, and videos from the 2007 MySQL User Conference and Expo 818 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Resources C ■ Presentations from the 2008 MySQL User Conference and Expo (http:// forge.mysql.com/wiki/MySQLConf2008Notes ) — A comprehensive list of presentations, slides, notes, and videos from the 2008 MySQL User Conference and Expo ■ Presentations from the 2009 MySQL User Conference and Expo ( http://forge. mysql.com/wiki/MySQLConf2009Notes ) — A comprehensive list of presentations, slides, notes, and videos from the 2009 MySQL User Conference and Expo The MySQL Forge Wiki (http://forge.mysql.com/wiki) will link to future con- ferences, so make sure to look there. ■ MySQL live webinars (www.mysql.com/news-and-events/web-seminars)— MySQL offers free live Webex webinars containing technology overviews ■ MySQL on-demand webinars ( www.mysql.com/news-and-events/on-demand- webinars/ ) — MySQL makes the most popular live webinars available for playback any time ■ MySQL University ( http://forge.mysql.com/wiki/MySQL University)—In- depth technical sessions given by leading MySQL developers and community members ■ MySQL presentations at Technocation ( http://technocation.org/category/ areas/presentationsvideos ) — Technocation, Inc. is a not-for-profit organization providing educational resources for IT professionals. They host many video presentations and provide slides that can be freely downloaded or streamed for viewing online. ■ Popular video hosting sites — YouTube and Google Video are the most popular video sharing sites in the United States. However, there are many more video-sharing sites, and most have search capabilities. Simply searching for ‘‘mysql’’ on a video-sharing site can turn up presentations and video tutorials about MySQL. ■ YouTube MySQL videos ( www.youtube.com/results?search query=mysql) — YouTube limits video uploads to 10 minutes, so the videos returned by this search are usually short. The exception is videos on YouTube that come from Google Video. ■ Google Video MySQL presentations ( http://video.google.com/video search?q=mysql ) — Do a basic search for videos containing the keyword ‘‘mysql’’. User group meetings There are MySQL user groups throughout the world. Information about starting a user group as well as what user groups currently exist can be found at http://forge.mysql.com/wiki/ Category:MySQLUserGroups . Conferences Conferences are an excellent place to see live presentations about MySQL and provide opportu- nities to meet other MySQL DBAs while learning. 819 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. C Resources ■ MySQL Conference and Expo (www.mysqlconf.com) — Traditionally held in April in Santa Clara, California, the MySQL Conference and Expo is the premier conference for learning about MySQL and networking with other MySQL users. ■ OSCon ( http://conferences.oreillynet.com/oscon/) — OSCon, or the Open Source Convention, is traditionally held during July in Portland, Oregon. There are usu- ally several MySQL-related presentations. ■ Various camps —MySQLCampisafreeunconference for MySQL, held annually. As MySQL Camp is organized by the MySQL Community and is not a commercial event, the date and location changes often. MySQL Camp dates will be announced in many places, including Planet MySQL blogs ( http://planetmysql.org). OpenSQL Camp ( www.opensqlcamp.org) is a free unconference for open source databases, including MySQL. Training/certification The training and certification opportunities that MySQL offers are listed at www.mysql.com/ training . MySQL maintains a list of third-party partners offering training at http:// solutions.mysql.com/solutions/partners/training . 820 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Symbols (double dash), 88 # (pound), 89–90 % (modulus operator), 503–504 || (string concatenation) MySQL support, 107 SQL mode definitions, 210 \ (backslash) escape characters, 91–93 naming limitations and quoting, 93–94 .(dot),95–97 ” (double quotation mark) naming limitations and, 93 SQL mode definitions, 204 ! (exclamation point), 89 ? (question mark), 49 ; (semi-colons), 60 ’ (single quotation mark), 93 \. (source),54–55 32-bit systems vs. 64-bit systems, 12 choosing hardware, 349–350 \! command, 62 64-bit systems vs. 32-bit systems, 12 choosing hardware, 349–350 OS architecture, 352 A abstraction, view, 307–308 access. See also security data access strategy, 596–606 database, 654 user account problems, 491 Access Control Lists (ACLs). See ACLs (Access Control Lists) accessing MySQL Administrator, 74–80 command-line client tool, 52–62 with command-line tools, 49–52 mysqladmin,62–66 phpMyAdmin, 69–71 Query Browser, 71–74 SQLyog, 66–69 summary, 83–84 Workbench, 80–83 accounts, user debugging problems, 490–494 managing, 478–487 ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability) compliance defined, 319–320 PBXT, 410 understanding, 320–322 ACLs (Access Control Lists) defined, 474–475 securing MySQL, 649–653 security with stored routines, 256 activity logging, 520–522 administration Administrator tool, 74–80 log. See logs measuring performance. See performance measurement with mysqladmin,62–66 server tuning. See MySQL server tuning storage engine. See storage engines user management. See user management agent-based systems, 635–636 agentless systems, 635–636 aggregate functions NULL values and, 211 overview, 783–784 alerts, monitoring. See monitoring systems algorithms MyISAM index buffer, 366 partitioning, 496–497 view, 309–310 aliases creating trigger, 244 extension, 115 table, 592–594 ALLOW_INVALID_DATES, 204 823 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. A Index alpha releases, 11–12 ALTER EVENT, 295–296 ALTER ROUTINE, 270–271 ALTER TABLE adding/dropping indexes, 223–225 adding/dropping partitions, 507–509 creating/dropping key constraints, 231–237 defined, 421 extensions, 115–118 ALTER VIEW, 316–317 ANALYZE TABLE defined, 156 query analysis, 615 analyzing queries. See query analysis anonymous users creating, 35–36 removing, 39 ANSI, 204 ANSI QUOTES, 204 Apache, 360 API (Application Programming Interface) memcached programming libraries, 436 security with stored routines, 256 Apple OS. See Mac OS Application Programming Interface (API) memcached programming libraries, 436 security with stored routines, 256 application-level partitioning, 514 architecture Falcon, 402–403 high availability. See high availability architectures operating system, 352–353 PBXT, 410–411 Archive backing up, 462–463 understanding, 417–419 archive packages, 18–20 arguments bitwise operators, 784–787 INOUT to stored procedure, 261–262 Lua basics, 758–759 mysqladmin,62–66 stored routines, events and triggers, 242 arithmetic MySQL Proxy tokens, 773 articles on MySQL, 818 assertions, 108 asynchronous replication defined, 524–525 multi-master, 538–539 atomicity, 321 atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability (ACID) compliance. See ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability) compliance attributes binary data types, 171 changing events, 296 character string type, 164–166 datetime type, 191–192 ENUM and SET data types, 198–200 national character string types, 167 numeric type, 177–180, 181–182 auditing, trigger-based, 664–665 authentication data security, 656–665 lack of client support, 491–492 managing user. See user management privileges. See privileges AUTO_INCREMENT master/master replication, 537, 735 numeric type attributes, 177–178 table definition extensions, 147 autocommit mode, 157, 324–325 auto-completion mysql commands, 58–59 SQLyog, 67 auto-generated data, 551 automated failover defined, 729 with Linux-HA heartbeat, 742–744 with MySQL Proxy, 740–741 automated monitoring. See monitoring systems automated startup, 42 automatic updates, 187–188 Axmark,David,4 B backends changing query, 763–764 MySQL Proxy, 751–755 backslash (\) escape characters, 91–93 naming limitations and quoting, 93–94 backup commercial options, 464–467 comparing storage engines, 377–378 copying databases, 467 event, 300 file system snapshot, 451–452 frequency, 443–444 LVM, 455–460 maatkit parallel dump/restore, 450–451 824 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Index C methods, 445–446 MySQL, 439–441 mysqldump, 446–450 mysqlhotcopy, 462–463 online, 460–462 phpMyAdmin, 70 SAN and Microsoft VSS, 460 security, 656 SELECT INTO OUTFILE, 450 simple replication, 530–531 SQL Administrator, 79 stored routine, 286–287 summary, 472 trigger, 252–254 uses for, 441–443 what to and where to, 445 ZFS, 453–454 bad passwords, 490–491 batching executing non-interactively, 54–55 expensive operations, 628–629 frequent operations, 629–631 battery-backed write cache, 351 BEGIN, 322 BEGIN WORK, 322 benchmarking defined, 545–546 with mysqlslap, 547–552 overview, 546–547 recommendations, 565–566 with SysBench. See SysBench Best Support For Multilingualism, 35 beta releases, 11–12 binary collations character string type attributes and, 165 defined, 98 binary file vs. source code, 10 binary large object string types, 168–170 binary logs backing up, 445 crash recovery, 468–471 defined, 518–519 master/master replication and, 736 rotating, 522–524 binary MySQL Proxy distributions, 750–751 binary packages, 20–24 binary plug-ins, 415 bin-log, 732 BIT NULL and, 784 sizes and ranges, 173–174 bitwise operators, 784–787 black box queries, 255–256 Blackhole complex replication, 536 replication support, 527 understanding, 419–420 blank values, 650 BLOB data types, 168–170 indexing, 226–227 block devices, 738–739 blogging, 6 bogging down, 585 Boolean types, 180–183 Bouman, Roland, 716, 744 BTREE indexes defined, 221–222 order, 225–226 redundant, 231 types, 228–229 buffer pools, 579 buffers defined, 356–357 InnoDB configuration, 385 InnoDB status, 389 InnoDB storage engine options, 367–369 MyISAM, 365–366 profiling, 574 storage engine support, 377–378 bugs. See also debugging BIT_AND NULL, 784 reports, 816 building queries, 67–69 C CA (Certificate Authority) command-line tool options, 53 encrypted connectivity, 662 cache hit ratio, 365–366 caching implementing tables, 424–427 memcached, 434–438 overview, 423–424 PBXT configuration, 412 profiling, 576–577 query cache, 427–434 scaling with memcached, 747 summary, 438 Cacti, 637–638 CALL, 259–260 825 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. C Index Callaghan, Mark, 525 canceling queries, 59–60 capacity planning, 585 cardinality, index, 615 CASCADE, 234 cascading replication, 535–536 CASE, 282–283 case-sensitivity binary collations, 98 escape characters, 92 Falcon tablespace, 409 language structure, 90–91 query cache, 428 CAST data types for, 811 defined, 102–105 MySQL support, 107 catalogs managing with Administrator, 80 MySQL support, 107 object. See object catalog catch-all partitions, 499 Certificate Authority (CA) command-line tool options, 53 encrypted connectivity, 662 certificate files, 661–662 certification, MySQL, 820 CHANGE MASTER, 534 changelogs, 45–46 changing events, 295–296 injecting queries and, 764–766 MERGE tables, 512–513 query backend, 763–764 stored routines, 270–271 triggers, 246–247 views, 316–317 CHAR, 160–162 character objects character string types, 160 national character string types, 166 Character Set screen, 35 character sets ALTER TABLE extensions, 116 changing event, 299 changing stored routine, 264 changing trigger, 249–250 character string type attributes and, 165–166 defined, 98–105 MySQL support, 108 SHOW commands, 136–137 table definition extensions, 147 CHARACTER_SETS, 695–696 characters bit functions, 786 case-sensitivity, 90–91 escape, 91–93 index length, 226–228 Lua basics, 757 national string types, 166–168 sets and collations, 98–105 string types, 160–166 wildcards, 475–476 cheat sheets, 817–818 check constraints MySQL deviations, 111–112 simulating in views, 310–312 CHECK TABLE, 150–153 checksums correcting data drift, 540–542 table definition extensions, 147–148 table maintenance extensions, 156 child tables, 234 chilling, 406 ciphers, 53 circular replication defined, 537–539 scaling with, 736–737 cleanup I/O test mode, 556–557 OLTP test mode, 563–565 SysBench commands, 553 clear command defined, 59 mysqladmin,63 client tool MySQL access, 52–62 setting characters sets and collation, 103 closing cursors, 287 Cluster, MySQL. See MySQL Cluster COALESCE PARTITION, 508–509 code language structure. See language structure in MySQL community, 7 source, 4 source vs. binary file, 10 coercibility, 810–811 cold backups defined, 441 location, 445 tools, 446 826 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. [...]... security and privacy, 305–306 summary, 318 updatable, 313–316 MySQL Workbench, 80–83 MYSQL3 23, 206 MYSQL4 0, 206 mysqladmin, 62–66 mysqlbinlog defined, 471 options, 519 replication and, 528–529 mysqldump, 446–450 mysqldumpslow, 583–584 mysqlhotcopy, 462–463 mysqlreport, 572–580 mysqlslap, 547–552 mysqltuner, 568–572 N Nagios, 636–637 named commands, 56 namespaces, 242 naming case-sensitivity and, 91 charsets... mk-query-profiler, 581–582 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 841 O O Index options (continued) MySQL Proxy backends, 751–755 mysqladmin, 62–66 mysqlbinlog, 471, 519 mysqldump, 448–449 mysqldumpslow, 583 mysqlhotcopy, 463 mysqlreport, 573 mysqlslap, 548–551 OLTP test mode, 561–563 stored routine, 265–268 SysBench, 553–554 thread test mode, 560–561 OR operator, 210 ORACLE,... objects, 664–665 resources, 813–820 securing See securing MySQL vs SQL, 87–88 MySQL 5.1 Cluster DBA Certification Study Guide (Stephens, Kruckenberg, Bouman and Smith), 744 MySQL Administrator, 74–80 MySQL Backup, 460–462 MySQL Cluster defined, 417 partitioning with, 513–514 scalability, 744–746 STATE in PROCESSLIST, 707–708 MySQL Community, 5–6 MySQL Data Dictionary CHARACTER_SETS, 695–696 COLLATION_CHARACTER_... 62–66 proxy script behavior, 759 starting and stopping MySQL as service, 27 starting and stopping MySQL from Windows, 25–26 table maintenance, 154 using with Query Browser, 73 commands events See events FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK, 452 INFORMATION_SCHEMA database system view See MySQL Data Dictionary LVM, 455–460 MySQL deviations See deviations mysqlhotcopy, 462–463 vs options, 56 partitioning, 507–510... variables, 361 MySQL Stored Procedure Programming (Harrison), 282 MySQL views abstraction and simplification, 307–308 changing definitions, 316–317 definer specification, 306–307 defining, 302–303 definition limitations and unexpected behavior, 304–305 overview, 301 performance, 308–313 replication and, 317–318 security and privacy, 305–306 summary, 318 updatable, 313–316 MySQL Workbench, 80–83 MYSQL3 23, 206 MYSQL4 0,... See storage engines tuning server See MySQL server tuning view, 308–313 performance measurement benchmarking, 546–547 benchmarking recommendations, 565–566 capacity planning, 585 CPU test mode, 554 I/O test mode, 555–557 memory test mode, 559–561 mk-query-profiler, 580–583 mutex test mode, 557–559 mysqldumpslow, 583–584 mysqlreport, 572–580 mysqlslap, 547–552 mysqltuner, 568–572 OLTP test mode, 561–565... S Index status variables mysqladmin commands, 63–64 query cache, 431 server tuning, 360–361 SHOW GLOBAL STATUS, 566–568 Stephens, Jon, 744 stopping MySQL as Windows service, 26–29 MySQL from Windows command line, 25–26 MySQL on System V-based Unix, 42–43 stop-slave, 64 storage caching See caching configuration with Database Usage screen, 33 events, 300 index order, 225–226 MySQL deviations, 106 slow... USER_PRIVILEGES, 715–716 VIEWS, 674–676 MySQL Enterprise, 5–6 MySQL Enterprise Monitoring, 644–645 MySQL Proxy changing and injecting queries, 764–766 changing query backend, 763–764 constants, 766–771 high availability with, 739–742 internal structures, 771–772 keyword tokens, 774–782 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 839 M M Index MySQL Proxy (continued) Lua basics,... 268–269 data type conversions, 810–812 date and time, 797–806 datetime type, 188–190 DML extensions, 119–124 invoking stored functions, 269–270 mathematical numbers and, 795–797 MySQL deviations, 105–110 MySQL Proxy See MySQL Proxy MySQL Proxy tokens, 774 proxy tokenizer, 760–763 server-level, 792–794 SHOW commands, 141 SHOW CREATE commands, 138 SQL modes, 203–204 stored See stored routines string on TEXT... 545 mk-query-profiler, 580–583 mysqldumpslow, 583–584 mysqlreport, 572–580 mysqltuner, 568–572 overview, 566 SHOW commands, 143–146 SHOW GLOBAL STATUS, 566–568 programmatic partitioning, 514 promoting slaves, 729–734 properties ACID compliance, 321–322 stored routine, 285 protocols command-line tool options, 51–52 lack of client support for authentication, 491–492 Proxy, MySQL, 739–742 proxy servers, . several MySQL- related presentations. ■ Various camps —MySQLCampisafreeunconference for MySQL, held annually. As MySQL Camp is organized by the MySQL Community. of interest to the MySQL community.’’ Current and back issues are freely available online. ■ MySQL White Papers ( www .mysql. com/why -mysql/ white-papers)—White papers