Tài liệu Windows Vista Inside Out P2 doc

ChaPter 1 What’s New in Windows Vista T echnically, Windows Vista is just the latest in a long line of business-class operating systems that started with Windows NT more than a decade ago. Practically, the changes in this new member of the Windows family are equal parts evolution and revolution. In some ways, that’s not surprising. The gap between Windows XP and Windows Vista spanned more than  ve years. In operating system terms, that’s two generations. So it’s not surprising that Windows Vista incorporates a broad swath of platform pieces and infrastructure, including sweeping changes to networking and security, support for new classes of hardware, new capabilities for creating and playing digital media, and a distinctive new interface. In this chapter, we brie y introduce the new and notable features and capabilities in Windows Vista. What’s in Your Edition? Because Windows Vista has been sliced, diced, and packaged into at least fi ve distinct editions, it’s possible that some of the features and capabilities we describe in this book will be unavailable on your computer. At the beginning of each chapter, we’ve included two elements to help you sort out where your edition fi ts in. A sidebar box like this one, typically placed on the opening page, summarizes the differences in each edition, as they relate to the content of that chapter. The banner along the top of each chapter’s opening page lists the fi ve mainstream editions with a graphic representation of how each edition measures up with the features in that chapter. A fi lled-in circle (l) means all features are available in your edition; a half-fi lled circle ( ) means some features are missing outright or are only partially implemented; an empty circle (l) means the features and capabilities in that chapter are completely unavailable with the designated edition. What’s in Your Edition?What’s in Your Edition? Because Windows Vista has been sliced, diced, and packaged into at least fi ve distinct Because Windows Vista has been sliced, diced, and packaged into at least fi ve distinct editions, it’s possible that some of the features and capabilities we describe in this book editions, it’s possible that some of the features and capabilities we describe in this book will be unavailable on your computer. At the beginning of each chapter, we’ve included will be unavailable on your computer. At the beginning of each chapter, we’ve included two elements to help you sort out where your edition fi ts in. A sidebar box like this one, two elements to help you sort out where your edition fi ts in. A sidebar box like this one, typically placed on the opening page, summarizes the differences in each edition, as they typically placed on the opening page, summarizes the differences in each edition, as they relate to the content of that chapter. The banner along the top of each chapter’s opening relate to the content of that chapter. The banner along the top of each chapter’s opening page lists the fi ve mainstream editions with a graphic representation of how each edition page lists the fi ve mainstream editions with a graphic representation of how each edition measures up with the features in that chapter. A fi lled-in circle (measures up with the features in that chapter. A fi lled-in circle ( lll ) means all features are ) means all features are available in your edition; a half-fi lled circle (available in your edition; a half-fi lled circle ( lll ) means some features are missing outright ) means some features are missing outright or are only partially implemented; an empty circle (or are only partially implemented; an empty circle ( or are only partially implemented; an empty circle (or are only partially implemented; an empty circle ( llll ) means the features and capabilities ) means the features and capabilities ) means the features and capabilities ) means the features and capabilities in that chapter are completely unavailable with the designated edition.in that chapter are completely unavailable with the designated edition. Introducing the Windows Vista Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The Windows Vista Interface: Up Close and Personalized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Searching, Sharing, and Other File Management Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Windows Vista Security at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Digital Media Essentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Inside Internet Explorer 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Mail and Collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Performance and Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 And Much, Much More … . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Home Basic l Home Premium l Business l Enterprise l Ultimate l 3 Introducing the Windows Vista Family Windows Vista is available in four retail versions and one corporate edition, all avail- able worldwide, along with a handful of specialized versions tailored to specic mar- kets. Although at rst glance that might seem like too many choices, there’s actually a solid rationale behind the mix of products. Here’s a brief introduction to each member of the Windows Vista family (for a more detailed look at what features are included with each edition, see Appendix A, “Windows Vista Editions at a Glance.”) l Windows Vista Home Basic  This entry-level edition, the successor to Windows XP Home Edition, includes the core elements of the new Windows Vista inter- face, notably Internet Explorer 7, Windows Media Player 11, Windows Movie Maker, and Windows Mail. It’s perfectly suited for simple e-mail and web brows- ing, and it runs most programs written for Windows Vista. It rips and burns CDs (but not DVDs), and it works well on a simple home or small business network. Using Windows Vista Home Basic, you’re limited to either the Windows Vista Standard interface or the Windows Vista Basic interface. l Windows Vista Home Premium  As the name suggests, this edition includes all the features found in Windows Vista Home Basic, plus the noteworthy addition of the Windows Vista Aero user experience and Windows Media Center features. (For all practical purposes, this is the successor to Windows XP Media Center Edition.) It also adds support for Tablet PC features (assuming you have com- patible hardware), a more robust Backup program, the ability to create and edit DVDs, and support for high-denition content in Windows Movie Maker. l Windows Vista Business  Like its predecessor, Windows XP Professional, this edition is designed for use in the workplace. Using Windows Vista Business, you can connect to a corporate domain, create image-based backups, encrypt les, host a Remote Desktop session, take full advantage of Tablet PC features, and use roaming user proles—to name just a few of its many business-oriented features. Although this edition offers basic multimedia capabilities, such as the ability to play video clips and music CDs, it doesn’t include Windows DVD Maker, or Win- dows Media Center. l Windows Vista Enterprise  This edition is not for sale through retail channels and is available only to corporate and institutional customers through Volume Li- censing programs. It’s essentially identical to Windows Vista Business, with the addition of Windows BitLocker drive encryption, support for multiple languages in the Windows user interface, and additional licenses that allow you to run up to four additional copies of Windows Vista using Virtual PC 2007. 4 Chapter 1 What’s New in Windows Vista Chapter 1 l Windows Vista Ultimate  The most expansive (and expensive) retail edition of Windows Vista combines all the features found in the other editions. Thus, it includes Media Center features, just like Windows Vista Home Premium, and support for multiple physical CPUs and the Volume Shadow Service, just like Windows Vista Business. It also includes access to a suite of premium products and services called Ultimate Extras. If you decide that you need a more potent Windows Vista version than the one you’re currently running, you can take advantage of a new feature called Anytime Upgrade to purchase an upgrade license. The process uses your existing installation media to per- form an in-place upgrade that preserves data and settings. Note Did we say there are fi ve editions of Windows Vista? We left out a few. For openers, you can double the entire list by counting the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of each one sepa- rately. In addition, you’ll fi nd Windows Vista editions in South Korea and the European Community that have had key features removed in response to antitrust actions; in both locales, for example, Microsoft makes Windows available for sale in editions that don’t include Windows Media Player. Finally, in emerging markets only, you can purchase Win- dows Vista Starter Edition preinstalled on new hardware. This variation of Windows Vista is limited in its feature set and capabilities and sells at a dramatically lower price than its full-featured siblings. For a detailed inventory of what features and capabilities are available in each Windows Vista edition, see Appendix A, “Windows Vista Editions at a Glance.” NoteNote Did we say there are fi ve editions of Windows Vista? We left out a few. For openers, you Did we say there are fi ve editions of Windows Vista? We left out a few. For openers, you can double the entire list by counting the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of each one sepa-can double the entire list by counting the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of each one sepa- rately. In addition, you’ll fi nd Windows Vista editions in South Korea and the European rately. In addition, you’ll fi nd Windows Vista editions in South Korea and the European Community that have had key features removed in response to antitrust actions; in both Community that have had key features removed in response to antitrust actions; in both locales, for example, Microsoft makes Windows available for sale in editions that don’t locales, for example, Microsoft makes Windows available for sale in editions that don’t include Windows Media Player. Finally, in emerging markets only, you can purchase Win-include Windows Media Player. Finally, in emerging markets only, you can purchase Win- dows Vista Starter Edition preinstalled on new hardware. This variation of Windows Vista dows Vista Starter Edition preinstalled on new hardware. This variation of Windows Vista is limited in its feature set and capabilities and sells at a dramatically lower price than its is limited in its feature set and capabilities and sells at a dramatically lower price than its full-featured siblings.full-featured siblings. For a detailed inventory of what features and capabilities are available in each Windows Vista For a detailed inventory of what features and capabilities are available in each Windows Vista edition, see Appendix A, “Windows Vista Editions at a Glance.”edition, see Appendix A, “Windows Vista Editions at a Glance.” Introducing the Windows Vista Family 5 Chapter 1 The Windows Vista Interface: Up Close and Personalized When you rst start Windows Vista, you’re greeted with the Welcome Center, which contains information about your current conguration, shortcuts to common tasks, and offers from Microsoft. Clicking the Show More Details link leads to the System dialog box, shown in Figure 1-1, which includes a more detailed look at system information, shortcuts to system conguration tools, and a performance rating called the Windows Experience Index. Figure 1-1  The System Control Panel provides a detailed look at current configuration and per- formance details. Click the Windows Experience Index link to break down the overall performance rating by component. If you’ve grown accustomed to the Windows XP interface, prepare to make a few adjust- ments. Most of the basic elements are still present but have been redesigned for Win- dows Vista. The word Start, for instance, no longer appears on the Start menu, and the All Programs menu now slides smoothly up and down instead of ying out to the right. Buttons on the taskbar have a more rounded appearance, with soft color gradients. The new Sidebar allows you to customize your display with gadgets—a clock, calendar, stock Chapter 1 6 Chapter 1 What’s New in Windows Vista ticker, search boxes, and so on—that can remain within the sidebar itself or can be torn off to  oat on the desktop. Figure 1-2 shows a typical desktop display. Figure 1-2  The All Programs menu slides smoothly instead of fl ying out to the right, and Sidebar gadgets add information and entertainment to the desktop. The Control Panel has been extensively redesigned in Windows Vista to use a series of well-organized, task-oriented pages instead of bare categories. The Personalization page, for instance, puts display settings, window colors, the desktop background, screen savers, sounds, and more in a single location. The appearance of those interface elements varies as well. If you have a premium or business version of Windows Vista and a suf ciently muscular display adapter, you get the Aero User Experience (Aero is actually an acronym for Authentic, Energetic, Re ec- tive, and Open). The added visuals include translucent window frames, smooth ani- mations, live thumbnail previews that appear when you hover the mouse pointer over taskbar buttons, and a new Flip 3D task switcher (Windows logo key+Tab) that cycles through open windows in a three-dimensional stack. For more details about customizing the Windows user interface, see Chapter 3, “Personalizing Windows Vista.” For more details about customizing the Windows user interface, see Chapter 3, “Personalizing For more details about customizing the Windows user interface, see Chapter 3, “Personalizing Windows Vista.”Windows Vista.” The Windows Vista Interface: Up Close and Personalized 7 Chapter 1 Searching, Sharing, and Other File Management Tasks The redesigned Windows Explorer provides a much richer display of information about  les and folders. It also changes just about every organizational element from its prede- cessor. By default, Explorer windows have no menus, and a Favorite Links list is pinned to a Navigation Pane along the left side, above the tree-style Folders list. To navigate through a folder hierarchy, you use a “breadcrumb bar” at the top of the window, and the display of  les can be  ltered or arranged in stacks using values in each  eld. The contents pane shows live thumbnails, where appropriate, and an optional preview pane allows you to look more closely at image  les, Microsoft Of ce documents, and e-mail messages without leaving the Explorer window. A robust, well-integrated search capability is built into Windows Vista. By default, all locations containing data  les are indexed, as are e-mail messages, music tracks, and ratings or tags you apply to digital photos and videos. For simple searches, you can type directly into the Search bar in the top right corner of an Explorer window. For more complex searches, use the Advanced Search pane. Figure 1-3 shows the results of a search, using the Medium Icons view. Figure 1-3  The Preview pane (right) shows a larger view of the selected fi le. The Details Pane (bot- tom) includes user-generated metadata in the Tags and Rating fi elds. To learn more about fi le management and desktop search capabilities, see Chapter 7, “Find- ing and Organizing Files and Information.” To learn more about fi le management and desktop search capabilities, see Chapter 7, “Find-To learn more about fi le management and desktop search capabilities, see Chapter 7, “Find- ing and Organizing Files and Information.”ing and Organizing Files and Information.” Chapter 1 8 Chapter 1 What’s New in Windows Vista Windows Vista Security at a Glance Improved security is on display just about anywhere you go in Windows Vista. The basics of the security model are unchanged from Windows XP: as an administrator, you create individual user accounts whose assigned permissions control access to vari- ous parts of the operating system, the le system, and network resources. But specic implementations of security features are dramatically changed. The most visible change is User Account Control, a new feature that requires explicit permission from a local administrator before Windows will accept changes to protected system settings. When you initiate any action that requires administrative permis- sions—as indicated by a small shield overlaying a program icon or Control Panel short- cut—the display fades, and a consent dialog box appears in the context of the Secure Desktop. If you’re logged on using an account in the Administrators group, you see a dialog box like the one shown in Figure 1-4. If you log on with a standard user account, you have to enter the password for an administrative account before you can continue. Figure 1-4  When a User Account Control dialog box appears, it takes complete focus. You must choose Continue or Cancel to return to the normal desktop display. A key change in the security architecture of Windows Vista is how it deals with pro- grams that insist on trying to write data to protected system folders and machine-wide keys in the registry. Allowing these changes has the potential to compromise system security; blocking them prevents the program from working properly. Windows Vista Security at a Glance 9 Chapter 1 The clever solution? The system redirects those les and registry changes to per-user keys that appear to the originating program as if they were located in the original pro- tected location. This process, called virtualization, is done behind the scenes, and in most cases the person using the program is unaware that anything is out of the ordi- nary. Internet Explorer 7, the default browser in Windows Vista, uses a similar feature to vir- tualize user data and browser add-ons. By using Internet Explorer in Protected Mode (the default setting), you’re insulated from a rogue add-on that tries to take over sys- tem-level functions. Even if a naïve or careless user approves the installation of a piece of spyware or a browser helper object that spawns unsolicited pop-ups, the damage is strictly contained and can be cleaned up in short order. Speaking of spyware…Windows Defender, originally introduced as an add-on product for Windows XP, is integrated into every Windows Vista edition and enabled as part of a default installation. As Figure 1-5 shows, it includes a wide-ranging set of features designed to identify installed and running software and to protect the operating system from unwanted changes. Figure 1-5  The Software Explorer module in Windows Defender provides detailed information about installed and running programs. Chapter 1 10 Chapter 1 What’s New in Windows Vista Some security settings need to be applied globally; others are more appropriate when tailored to the speci c needs of an individual user. If you’ve created accounts for chil- dren using a computer running any home edition of Windows Vista, you can use the new Parental Controls interface to restrict the hours during which they can use the computer and to enforce rules about programs they’re allowed to run and websites they’re permitted to visit. Our coverage of Windows Vista security starts with the must-read contents of Chapter 10, “Security Essentials,” and continues with Chapter 31, “Advanced Security Management.” Digital Media Essentials Virtually every tool for creating, organizing, editing, and playing back digital media  les has been improved in Windows Vista. No matter which Windows Vista edition you use, you get Windows Media Player 11 (shown in Figure 1-6), which handles playback of audio CDs and video  les, ripping and burning of audio CDs, access to online music and movie stores, and a rich set of tools for searching and categorizing your media library. Figure 1-6  Windows Media Player 11 displays music by artist or genre (shown here) in stacks that show the number of tracks and total playing time. Our coverage of Windows Vista security starts with the must-read contents of Chapter 10, Our coverage of Windows Vista security starts with the must-read contents of Chapter 10, “Security Essentials,” and continues with Chapter 31, “Advanced Security Management.”“Security Essentials,” and continues with Chapter 31, “Advanced Security Management.” Windows Vista Security at a Glance 11 Chapter 1 For digital photos, all editions of Windows Vista include Windows Photo Gallery, which organizes photos in common image  le formats. The Photo Gallery software in- cludes basic editing tools to allow cropping, red-eye removal, and adjustments to color and exposure, but its most valuable feature of all is the ability it gives you to “tag” pho- tos with keywords that are stored directly in supported image  les. These tags and your ratings (on a scale of 1 to 5 stars) are fully searchable, which allows you to search for favorite photos, as in the example in Figure 1-7, and save a collection as a movie, a slide show, or a DVD. Figure 1-7  Windows Photo Gallery stores these keyword tags directly in digital image fi les, allowing you to quickly retrieve a set of related photos. Finally, Windows Movie Maker allows you to create movies by stitching together clips of your own footage from a digital video camera, still images, recorded TV shows, and other sources. After the movie project is complete, you can export it to Windows DVD Maker to burn the  nished work onto a DVD that will play back on another PC or in any consumer DVD player. And if you’re not afraid to move Windows into the living room, you can take advantage of Windows Media Center. This feature, with its remote control–friendly 10-foot inter- face, includes all the software (you might need extra hardware too) to record broadcast, cable, or satellite TV and manage a library of digital music and photos on a big screen. For an overview of the capabilities of Windows Vista to handle music, photos, videos, and DVDs, see Chapter 15, “Digital Media Essentials.” For instructions on how to master Windows Media Center, see Chapter 19, “Using Windows Media Center.” For an overview of the capabilities of Windows Vista to handle music, photos, videos, and For an overview of the capabilities of Windows Vista to handle music, photos, videos, and DVDs, see Chapter 15, “Digital Media Essentials.” For instructions on how to master Windows DVDs, see Chapter 15, “Digital Media Essentials.” For instructions on how to master Windows Chapter 1 12 Chapter 1 What’s New in Windows Vista [...]... editions of Windows Vista Before You Start… Many programs originally written for earlier versions of Windows (including Windows XP) won’t run properly under Windows Vista Likewise, some hardware devices use drivers that aren’t compatible with Windows Vista The worst possible time to find out about either type of compatibility problem is right after you complete a fresh installation of Windows Vista, when... The Windows Vista Capable logo indicates that a computer meets the minimum standards to run Windows Vista The Windows Vista Premium Ready logo identifies a system that meets or exceeds the requirements to run a premium edition of Windows Vista, including the Aero user experience The specifics of the two designations are listed in Table 2-1 Table 2-1 Windows Vista Hardware Requirements Component Windows. .. if the computer on which you plan to install Windows Vista is currently running a 32-bit version of Windows XP (with Service Pack 2) or another edition of Windows Vista that you are planning to upgrade, download 19 20 Chapter 2  Installing and Configuring Windows Vista and run the free Windows Vista Upgrade Advisor first This tool, available from http://www .vista- io.com/0201, scans installed programs... Configuring Windows Vista Home Premium Before You Start… 19 Setting Up Windows Vista 23 Actiating and Validating Windows Vista 43 Business Enterprise Ultimate l l l l l Transferring Files and Settings from Another Computer 49 Configuring System Recoery Options 58 Finishing Your Windows Vista Installation... more details about Internet Explorer, start with Chapter 6, “Using Internet Explorer 7 ” Mail and Collaboration With all editions of Windows Vista, you get a collection of contact tools that work reasonably well together The one you’re most likely to use is Windows Mail, the successor to Outlook Express Don’t let the name fool you Windows Mail also works with NNTP newsgroups Clicking Windows Calendar... options Some of the most basic building blocks for Windows networking are fundamentally changed in Windows Vista To master networking, you’ll need to know how IPv6 and IPv4 cooperate with one another, for example, and how the Link-Layer Topology Discovery subsystem works Chapter 1 New Ways to Network 14 Chapter 1 What’s New in Windows Vista Chapter 1 Windows Vista also reworks the system for sharing files... Finishing Your Windows Vista Installation 61 S ome Windows users never have to deal with the Windows Setup program If you buy a new computer with Windows Vista already installed, you may be able to use it forever without having to do anything more than minor maintenance For upgraders, hobbyists, and inveterate tinkerers, however, the Windows Vista Setup program is inescapable Knowing how to upgrade... (15 GB free space) 40 GB (15 GB free space) Optical media CD-ROM drive DVD-ROM drive Audio Not required Audio output capability You’ll also need a mouse or other pointing device, a keyboard, and internet access Chapter 2 INSIDE OUT 21 22 Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring Windows Vista INSIDE OUT Find the hardware bottlenecks Chapter 2 Defining an acceptable level of performance is strictly a matter... Setup increases the likelihood that your installed applications and devices will work with Windows Vista and ensures that you don’t have to install a bunch of updates immediately after you run Windows Vista for the first time Know Your Hardware Microsoft has defined two sets of hardware requirements for Windows Vista These requirements form the basis of marketing programs that allow manufacturers to... Wireless networking in Windows has been steadily improving in both ease of setup and reliability since the launch of Windows XP in 2001 The wireless connection capabilities of Windows Vista, available in all editions, are remarkably easy to use, and the default configuration for new networks provides generally effective security when connecting to a public network Our coverage of Windows Vista networking . immediately after you run Windows Vista for the fi rst time.of updates immediately after you run Windows Vista for the fi rst time. INSIDE OUTINSIDE OUT Before You. 1 What’s New in Windows Vista Windows Vista Security at a Glance Improved security is on display just about anywhere you go in Windows Vista. The basics