... seasons. Spring, summer, autumn and winterhave always loomed large in mankind’s life and philosophy, linked as they are to seed time and harvest,good weather and bad and the length of the day. They ... throughstar and zenith. Thus, in figure 10.4, an observer in latitude φ notes that a star has upper and lowerculminations at A and B respectively. Let the observed zenith distances of A and B be ζA and ... higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. Theheat rays from the Sun will, therefore, strike the Earth’s surface more directly in spring and summerthan in autumn and winter (figure...