operating system principles and practice pdf

... LESSON 9 Linux Operating System Vulnerabilities and security Objectives ♦ Describe the fundamentals of the Linux operating system ♦ Describe the vulnerabilities of the Linux operating system ♦ Describe ... countermeasures for protecting the Linux operating system 2 Review of Linux Security Fundamentals ♦ Linux is a version of UNIX – Usually available free – Red Hat – Ubuntu – Mandrak – Sambian – Knoppix 3 ... sc/etc/shadow Root:2bcadvr345:0:0:root: /root: /bin/bash - John The Ripper - Viper - Slurple 6 7 Linux File System ♦ Ls –l ♦ -r-x-r-x-wx ♦ Chmod 777 a.txt Firewall: iptables 8 9 10

Ngày tải lên: 29/07/2014, 08:20

... abstraction layer work in a modern operating system; the difference between a monolithic and a microkernel operating system; and how policy and mechanism are separated in modern operating systems Concurrency and ... recursivebooks.com Operating Systems: Principles and Practice (Second Edition) Volume IV: Persistent Storage by Thomas Anderson and Michael Dahlin Copyright ©Thomas Anderson and Michael Dahlin, 2011-2015 ... acceptable reliability, both application writers and operating systems designers must understand how storage devices and file systems work This chapter and the next three discuss the key issues: API and abstractions

Ngày tải lên: 09/05/2016, 09:54

... encroachment of the flooded tidal lands on the adjacent uplands and submergence of existing coastal ecosystems If coastal wetlands can grow both upward and in an inland direction, they may be able ... Sepkoski and Rex, 1974), plant leaves (Kinkel et al., 1987), host-parasite systems (Tallamy, 1983), and artificially constructed habitat islands (Cairns and Ruthven, 1970; Dickerson and Robinson, ... large areas of natural ecosystems and broadly impairing ecosystem services due to their initiatives and mandates from Congress The Corps’ environmental record is changing and the case study of saltmarsh

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 14:20

... Preparative Chromatography Book 13 GC Tandem Systems Book 14 LC Tandem Systems Book 15 GC Quantitative Analysis Book 16 Ion Chromatography Book 17 Silica Gel and Its Uses in Chromatography Book ... Phase Supply 51 The Sampling System 52 The Column and Column Oven 54 Detector and Detector Electronics 55 The Detector Output 55 Data Acquisition and Processing System 60 Thin Layer Chromatography ... Controlling... Change, and ( So) is the Standard Entropy Change Thus, Ho RT lnK So R (2) or, K e Ho RT So R (3) It is seen that if the standard entropy change and standard enthalpy change

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:20

... permissible aerator power must be between 390 and 460 hp to handle peak loads Clearly, the large difference between peak and average demands of this system suggests evaluating a dual speed or variable ... requirements and total costs of the I-SO™ system including the generation costs using a single-bed vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) system and liquid oxygen (LOx) costs to handle load variability ... designed, most in the U.S Of the above, 16 plants were in Japan and one each in Canada, Mexico, England, Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, and Belgium Approximately 25 percent of the plants were industrial

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... malignant lesion. Use of an Esmarch bandage or hand-over-hand manual exsanguination 6 are more effective than elevation alone. Use of an Esmarch bandage is time-consuming and can damage the skin over ... Exsanguination of the upper limb in hand surgery – comparison of four methods. The Hand 11B: 469–470. 7 Austin, M (1963). The Esmarch bandage and pulmonary embolism. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 45B: ... limit of the bandage. 10 Martin’s bandage made of cream-coloured latex rubber is used in a similar manner. Sterilisation of an Esmarch bandages requires care but is effective if the bandage is rolled

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... Computer System Overview Chapter 1 Operating System • Exploits the hardware resources of one or more processors • Provides a set of services to system users • Manages secondary memory and I/O ... references by optimizing register use • Control and status registers – Used by processor to control operating of the processor – Used by privileged operating-system routines to control the execution ... modules – secondary memory devices – communications equipment – terminals • System bus – communication among processors, memory, and I/O modules Processor • Two internal registers – Memory address register

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... Operating System Overview Chapter Operating System • A program that controls the execution of application programs • An interface between applications and hardware Operating System Objectives ... 62 UNIX • Hardware is surrounded by the operating system software • Operating system is called the system kernel • Comes with a number of user services and interfaces – Shell – Components of the ... Supports application written for other operating system 53 54 Operating System Organization • Modified microkernel architecture – Not a pure microkernel – Many system functions outside of the microkernel

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... Processes – Operating system software within context of a user process – Process executes in privileged mode when executing operating system code 52 53 54 Execution of the Operating System • Process-Based ... Process-Based Operating System – Implement operating system as a collection of system processes – Useful in multi-processor or multicomputer environment 55 UNIX SVR4 Process Management • Most of the operating ... context of the selected process 51 Execution of the Operating System • Non-process Kernel – Execute kernel outside of any process – Operating system code is executed as a separate entity that operates

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... by the operating system Process • Dispatching is referred to as a thread or lightweight process • Resource of ownership is referred to as a process or task Multithreading • Operating system supports ... Solaris, Linux, Mach, and OS/2 support multiple threads Process • Have a virtual address space which holds the process image • Protected access to processors, other processes, files, and I/O resources ... within the same process share memory and files, they can communicate with each other without invoking the kernel Uses of Threads in a SingleUser Multiprocessing System • • • • Foreground to background

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... Structured application – Application can be a set of concurrent processes • Operating-system structure – Operating system is a set of processes or threads A Simple Example void echo() { chin ... putchar(chout); Operating System Concerns • Keep track of various processes • Allocate and deallocate resources – – – – Processor time Memory Files I/O devices • Protect data and resources • ... Concurrency: Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization Chapter Concurrency • Multiple applications • Structured applications • Operating system structure Concurrency Difficulties of

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... at a time and not depleted by that use • Processes obtain resources that they later release for reuse by other processes • Processors, I/O channels, main and secondary memory, devices, and data ... databases, and semaphores • Deadlock occurs if each process holds one resource and requests the other Example of Deadlock Another Example of Deadlock • Space is available for allocation of 200Kbytes, and ... Concurrency: Deadlock and Starvation Chapter Deadlock • Permanent blocking of a set of processes that either compete for system resources or communicate with each other

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... protection requirement must be satisfied by the processor (hardware) rather than the operating system (software) • Operating system cannot anticipate all of the memory references a program will make Memory ... generated to the operating system 27 Paging • Partition memory into small equal fixed-size chunks and divide each process into the same size chunks • The chunks of a process are called pages and chunks ... called frames • Operating system maintains a page table for each process – Contains the frame location for each page in the process – Memory address consist of a page number and offset within

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... Memory • Hardware must support paging and segmentation • Operating system must be able to management the movement of pages and/or segments between secondary memory and main memory Paging • Each process ... memory • Operating system places the process in a blocking state Execution of a Program • Piece of process that contains the logical address is brought into main memory – Operating system issues ... execution window 62 UNIX and Solaris Memory Management • Paging System – Page table – Disk block descriptor – Page frame data table – Swap-use table 63 64 65 66 UNIX and Solaris Memory Management

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... interrupts Operating system calls Signals Short-Tem Scheduling Criteria • User-oriented – Response Time • Elapsed time between the submission of a request until there is output • System-oriented ... System-oriented – Effective and efficient utilization of the processor Short-Term Scheduling Criteria • Performance-related – Quantitative – Measurable such as response time and throughput 10 Feedback ... are recomputed once per second • Base priority divides all processes into fixed bands of priority levels 42 Bands • Decreasing order of priority – – – – – Swapper Block I/O device control File

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... memory – Controlled by operating system Independent Parallelism • Separate application or job • No synchronization among processes • Example is time-sharing system Coarse and Very CoarseGrained ... Multiprocessor and Real-Time Scheduling Chapter 10 Classifications of Multiprocessor Systems • Loosely coupled or distributed multiprocessor, or cluster – Each processor has its own memory and I/O channels ... Failure of master brings down whole system • Master can become a performance bottleneck Assignment of Processes to Processors • Peer architecture – Operating system can execute on any processor

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... software – Disk used to store virtual memory pages needs special hardware and software to support it – Terminal used by system administrator may have a higher priority Differences in I/O Devices ... Categories of I/O Devices • Machine readable – Used to communicate with electronic equipment – Disk and tape drives – Sensors – Controllers – Actuators Categories of I/O Devices • Communication – ... I/O Management and Disk Scheduling Chapter 11 Categories of I/O Devices • Human readable – Used to communicate

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... particular file 68 69 70 71 Linux Virtual File System • Uniform file system interface to user processes • Represents any conceivable file system’s general feature and behavior • Assumes files are objects ... management system consists of system utility programs that run as privileged applications • Input to applications is by means of a file • Output is saved in a file for long-term storage File System ... process 75 Windows File System • Key features of NTFS – Recoverability – Security – Large disks and large files – Multiple data streams – General indexing facility 76 NTFS Volume and File Structure

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2018, 12:01

... the collection, storage, and display of all system parameters such as memory and system load, covering modules, processes, and system objects with measurement of response and scheduling latency. Documentation ELinOS ... driver, I2C subsystem, and USB gadgets. vi Embedded Linux System Design and Development Ⅲ Borland is a registered trademark of Borland Software Corporation in the United States and other countries. ... area of embedded and real-time systems with a strong focus on open source software, especially Linux, but also FreeBSD, NetBSD, and so on. They provide firmware and operating system porting services...

Ngày tải lên: 04/08/2012, 14:23

... protection, and the effectiveness of com- pliance and enforcement. This chapter examines the tensions between the principles of precaution and pollution prevention, on the one hand, and actual practices ... 1999. 8 Land-based marine pollution and the Arctic: polarities between principles and practice  * The concept of sustainable development calls for the application of manyprinciples ... pp. 1–23; and P. Sands, ‘International Law in the Field of Sustainable Development: Emerging Legal Principles , in W. Lang (ed.), Sustainable Development and International Law (London and Dordrecht:...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 09:20