Thiết kế và lập trình hệ thống - Chương 3

... ++0x00010 030 0x050010x050000000x050010000x050010400x000200000x000210000x00 030 0000x00 030 +0x00 030 08A[binary]hex0x 030 1008A=0x 030 *4*4=0x040Systems Design & Programming Micro. Arch. III CMPE 31 05 (Feb 2, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY ... III CMPE 31 04 (Feb 2, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY1 9 6 6Memory AddressingMemory Paging:1112212 231 [00]0C[00]10 0x08A0Virtual Address:CR300010 ++0x00010 030 0x050010x050000000x050010000x050010400x000200000x000210000x00 030 0000x00 030 +0x00 030 08A[binary]hex0x 030 1008A=0x 030 *4*4=0x040Systems ... Faulting Linear AddressReservedPEMPEMTSETNEWPAMNWCDPGCR0CR1CR2CR3CR4(Pentium and up)Systems Design & Programming Micro. Arch. III CMPE 31 02 (Feb 2, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND ...

... inconsistenthere (see MUX below).A0A8A1A9A2A10A3A11A4A12A5A13A6A14A7A151A 1B 2A 2B 3A 3B 4A 4B1A 1B 2A 2B 3A 3B 4A 4BRASA074157 (2-to-1MUX)A1A2A3A4A5A6A71Y 2Y 3Y 4Y 1Y 2Y 3Y 4YAddress BUSInputs to DRAM0: latch ... SIMM (Single In-line Memory Modules)boards .30 -pin SIMMs come in 1M X 8, 1M X 9 (parity), 4M X 8, 4M X 9.72-pin SIMMs come in 1/2 /3/ 8/16M X 32 or 1M X 36 (parity).5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 ... times as low as 10ns.A7VCC2K x 8 SRAM1 234 5678920191817161514 131 0TMS401611122122 232 4A6A5A4A3A2A1A0GNDDQ1DQ2DQ3A8A9WGA10SDQ8DQ7DQ6DQ5DQ4Pin(s)FunctionA0-A10DQ0-DQ7G (OE)S (CS)AddressData In/Data OutRead...

... )X16G X( )-- -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -X27X26X25X24X22X21X18+ + + + + +X16X15X21+ + +-- -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - =X16X15X21+ ... )XnG X( )-- -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - Q X( ) R X( )+= =Q(X) is the quotientR(X) is the remainderG X( ) X16X15X21+ + +=Systems Programming 8086/88 Memory Interface II CMPE 31 017 (April 10, 2000 12 :36 pm)UMBCU ... ...CS2764A16A17A18A19A13A14A15CSCSCSCSCSCSCSRD of 8088/86Data BusAddress BusF2000-F3FFFF0000-F1FFFF4000-F5FFFF6000-F7FFFF8000-F9FFFFA000-FBFFFFC000-FDFFFFE000-FFFFFAddress spaceF0000H-FFFFFHA 13 through A15...

... InterfaceI1I2I3I4I5I6I7I8I9I1016L8O1O2O3O4O5O6O7O8A29A30A31I1I2I3I4I5I6I7I8I9I1016L8O1O2O3O4O5O6O7O8A19A20A21A22A23A24A25A26A27A28A0A15O0O7......CEOE27512D0-D7D8-D15D15-D23D24-D31D56-D63D48-D55D40-D47D32-D39A3-A18MRDCA0A15O0O7......CEOE27512A0A15O0O7......CEOE27512A0A15O0O7......CEOE27512A0A15O0O7......CEOE27512A0A15O0O7......CEOE27512A0A15O0O7......CEOE27512A0A15O0O7......CEOE27512(64K ... RAS)A8S1S0MUX256-to-1MUX256-to-1MUX256-to-1MUX256-to-164K array(256 X 256)2552541064K array(256 X 256)64K array(256 X 256)64K array(256 X 256)256K X 1 DRAMA0-A7A10-A17Block 0Block 1Block 2Block 3These ... FFF80000H-FFFFFFFFHUse a 16L8 to do theWR0 - WR7 decoding using MWTC and BE0 - BE7.See the text -- Figure 1 0 -3 5.;pins 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10A29 A30 A31 NC...

... 10 DLE 48 30 0 80 50 P 112 70 p17 11 DC1 49 31 1 81 51 Q 1 13 71 q18 12 DC2 50 32 2 82 52 R 114 72 r19 13 DC3 51 33 3 83 53 S 115 73 s20 14 DC4 52 34 4 84 54 T 116 74 t21 15 NAK 53 35 5 85 55 ... Dec Hex Sym0 0 NUL 32 20 64 40 @ 96 60 `1 1 SOH 33 21 ! 65 41 A 97 61 a2 2 STX 34 22 " 66 42 B 98 62 b3 3 ETX 35 23 # 67 43 C 99 63 c4 4 EOT 36 24 $ 68 44 D 100 64 d5 5 ENQ 37 25 % 69 45 E ... 0temp_buf_size: equ $-temp_bufneg_exponent: dd -1 0 030 1H302H303H12H34HLow-order byteHigh-order byteStorage of the number 1 234 Systems Programming 80x86 Assembly Basics CMPE 31 04 (February 3, 2000 1:22...

... PointerBase PointerDestination IndexSource Index16-bitregisters32-bitextensionsah alax8-bit16-bitnamesSystems Design & Programming 80x86 Assembly I CMPE 31 03 (Feb 4, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY ... CMPE 31 05 (Feb 4, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY1 9 6 6Data Addressing Modes Base relative-plus-indexA second variation includes: mov eax, [ebx+edi+4] Scaled-indexA ... with up to 7 bytes (32 bit registerand a 32 bit displacement).Direct and displacement addressing example:Note: Direct addressing (using al) requires 3 bytes to encode while Dis-placement (using...

... constant is any 32 -bit signed value.Base Relative-Plus-Index addressing:Effective address computed as:seg_base + base + index + constant.Designed to be used as a mechanism to address a two-dimensional ... Assembly II CMPE 31 04 (Feb. 9, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY1 9 6 6Data Addressing ModesBase Relative-Plus-Index addressing:0 0 2 0A 3 1 60 0 1 0MemoryA3161 0 0 0++MOV ... starting location of an array.• ebp (stack)• ebx (data)• Any 32 -bit register except esp.Index registers: Holds offset location.• edi• esi• Any 32 -bit register except esp.mov dl, [eax+ebx];EAX as base,...

... Assembly IV CMPE 31 03 (Mar. 1, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY1 9 6 6Arithmetic Operationssub eax, ebxdec edi;Subs registers - Carry flag.sbb ecx, ebx;eax=eax-ebxcmp al, ... LABEL;Jump to LABEL if bit 2 is zero.;Tests bit 2 in al -- 00000100not ebxneg TEMPSystems Design & Programming 80x86 Assembly IV CMPE 31 07 (Mar. 1, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND ... LABEL.Systems Design & Programming 80x86 Assembly IV CMPE 31 010 (Mar. 1, 2002)UMBCU M B CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY1 9 6 6Flow-of-Control Instructionsja ;Jump if above (Z=0...

... 6✬✎✭✮✠✯✰✱✲✲✯✳✴✰✎✵MiscellaneousDataTransferOperations.INandOUT:Transfersabyte,wordordoublewordofdatafrom/toanI/Odeviceinto/outofAL,AXandEAX,respectively.Memoryoperationsarenotavailable(astheyareinINSandOUTS):Twoforms:•Fixed-portaddressing:8-bitportnumberencodedininstruction.8-bitvalueissign-extendedintoaddressbits 8-1 5.Addressbits1 6 -3 1areundefined.•Variable-portaddressing:16-bitportnumberstoredinDX. ✁AL✄✠✝☎✝ ... 6✬✎✭✮✠✯✰✱✲✲✯✳✴✰✎✵MiscellaneousDataTransferOperations.MOVSXandMOVZX(8 038 6anduponly):Move-and-sign-extendandMove-and-zero-extend:BSWAP(80486anduponly):Swapsthefirstbytewiththeforth,andthesecondbytewiththethird.Usedtoconvertbetweenlittleendianandbigendian: ✛✁✄ CX✄BL☎✟✒✏☛✎✙☎✡✙☛✛✎✆✕✒☛✡✍✢✝ ✛✁✂ EAX✄ ✁✂✁✢☎✄✙✚✍✙☎✡✙☛✛✎✟✍✚✛✔✡ ✁✂✁✢✒☛✆✆☎✜✂✄✜✟✙EAXEAXEBXECXEDX✡✡✠✠✞✞✝✝✝✝✞✞✠✠✡✡ ✂✁✄☎ ... 6✬✎✭✮✠✯✰✱✲✲✯✳✴✰✎✵MiscellaneousDataTransferOperations.XCHG:Exchangesthecontentsofaregisterwiththecontentsofanyotherregisterormemorylocation.ItcanNOTexchangesegmentregistersormemory-to-memorydata.Byte,wordanddoublewordscanbeexchangedusinganyaddressingmode(exceptimmediate,ofcourse).XLAT:PerformsatablelookupoperationbyconvertingthevalueinALfromanindextoavaluestoredinthecellofatableinmemory. ✁✂✄EDX✄ESI☎✆✆☎✠✖✔☛✏✙✆ ✝✔☛✛✆✟☛ ✁✂✄AL✄ ✁✂✁✢☎✆☎✠✖✔☛✏✙✚✙✏✒✎✡✙✚✔☛✛✌✙✌✍✚ ✗✔✟✓✙✎✜MOV...

... CUNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY1 9 6 6✪✎✫✬✠✭✮✯✰✰✭✱✲✮✎✳Addition,Increment,Add-with-carryandExchange-and-add(80486):Contentsoftherightmost8bitsoftheFLAGSregistercanchange(+Overflow)forarithmeticandlogicinstructions.Flagsinclude:•Z(resultzero?)•C(carryout?)•A(halfcarryout?)•S(resultpositive?)•P(resulthasevenparity?)•O(overflowoccurred?) ✁✁AL✂✄☎✆✆☎✝✞✟✠✡☛☎☞☞✍✌✎✏✍✑✒✓✔✕✖✗✘✚✙✖✙✖✛✜✖✢✏✌✖✗✣✤✥✦✝✧★✩✧✆✄EDI]☛☎☞☞✍✌✕✖✗✪✌✏✖✕✌✞✫✒✕✕✔✬✭✒✗✯✮ ✁✥ECX✂EBX☛★✫✰✱★✫✰✞★✦✰✂★✦✰✱✑✕✪✗✪✓✒✭★✫✰✮✲ ✁✁ECX✂EBX☛✳✌✖☞✬✑✕✒☞☞✪✓✗✴ ... 6✪✎✫✬✠✭✮✯✰✰✭✱✲✮✎✳UnconditionalJumps:•Nearjump:PC-relativeusingthreebytes(+ /- 32 K).Sincesegmentsarecyclic,wraparoundallowsanylocationtobereachedwithinthe64Ksegment.Inprotectedmode,nearjumpsrangesare+ /-2 G.•Farjump:Directjumpusingfivebytes(addressininstr.stream).Twobytesgivetheoffsetandtwobytesgiveanewsegmentaddress.Protectedmode:Thesegmentvaluereferstoadescriptor.(Note:Thelinkerneedstofillinthevaluesinthiscasewhenthepro-gramfilesarecombined.)•IndirectJumps:(EIPvalueinreg/mem,notintheinstructionstream).Usesa1 6- or 32 -bitregisterasanoperand.JMP☎✰☛✡✷✙✢✏✍✑✒☞☞✕✖✌✌✗✪✏✖✓✶✔☎✰✮ ✂✁✄☎ ... 6✪✎✫✬✠✭✮✯✰✰✭✱✲✮✎✳UnconditionalJumps:•Nearjump:PC-relativeusingthreebytes(+ /- 32 K).Sincesegmentsarecyclic,wraparoundallowsanylocationtobereachedwithinthe64Ksegment.Inprotectedmode,nearjumpsrangesare+ /-2 G.•Farjump:Directjumpusingfivebytes(addressininstr.stream).Twobytesgivetheoffsetandtwobytesgiveanewsegmentaddress.Protectedmode:Thesegmentvaluereferstoadescriptor.(Note:Thelinkerneedstofillinthevaluesinthiscasewhenthepro-gramfilesarecombined.)•IndirectJumps:(EIPvalueinreg/mem,notintheinstructionstream).Usesa1 6- or 32 -bitregisterasanoperand.JMP☎✰☛✡✷✙✢✏✍✑✒☞☞✕✖✌✌✗✪✏✖✓✶✔☎✰✮ ✂✁✄☎...