Tài liệu Modeling of Data part 5 doc

... Figure 15. 4.1. Also define a vector b of length N by b i = y i σ i ( 15. 4 .5) and denote the M vector whose components are the parameters to be fitted, a 1 , ,a M ,bya. 680 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample ... ×∇χ 2 (a cur )( 15. 5.3) where the constant is small enough not to exhaust the downhill direction. To use ( 15. 5.2) or ( 15. 5.3), we must be able to compute the gradient...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... statistical universe of data sets that are drawn from it! 658 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0 -52 1-43108 -5) Copyright (C) ... docilely into ( 15. 1.4), so that the maximum likelihood 660 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (IS...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... straight-line model y(x)=y(x;a, b)=a+bx ( 15. 2.1) 662 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0 -52 1-43108 -5) Copyright (C) 1988-1992 by ... ( 15. 2.2) should occur by chance is Q = gammq  N − 2 2 , χ 2 2  ( 15. 2.12) 664 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SC...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... trade@cup.cam.ac.uk (outside North America). Chapter 15. Modeling of Data 15. 0 Introduction Given a set of observations, one often wants to condense and summarize the data by fitting it to a “model” that depends ... satisfy; examples are coefficients of rate equations in a complex network of chemical reactions, or orbital elements of a binary star. Modeling can also be used a...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... 666 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0 -52 1-43108 -5) Copyright (C) 1988-1992 by Cambridge ... answers. *b=tan(*b)/scale; free_vector(ww,1,ndat); free_vector(sy,1,ndat); free_vector(sx,1,ndat); free_vector(yy,1,ndat); free_vector(xx,1,ndat); } 670 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... k) ( 15. 5.13) and then replace both ( 15. 5.12) and ( 15. 5.9) by M  l=1 α  kl δa l = β k ( 15. 5.14) When λ is very large, the matrix α  is forced into being diagonally dominant,so equation ( 15. 5.14) ... do so. The only reason to use ( 15. 5.3) will be failure of ( 15. 5.2) to improve the fit, signaling failure of ( 15. 5.1) as a good local approximation. Calculation of the Gradie...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... variances of individual parameters (equations 15. 2.9, 15. 4. 15, 15. 4.19), as well as some formulas for covariances between pairs of parameters (equation 15. 2.10; remark following equation 15. 4. 15; equation ... with M degrees of freedom. Here the χ 2 ’s are all 696 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... =1, ,M ( 15. 7 .5) If you compare ( 15. 7.3) to ( 15. 1.3), and ( 15. 7 .5) to ( 15. 1.7), you see at once that the specialization for normally distributed errors is ρ(z)= 1 2 z 2 ψ(z)=z (normal) ( 15. 7.6) If ... y(x i )}∼ 1 1+ 1 2  y i −y(x i ) σ i  2 ( 15. 7.9) 702 Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0 -52 1...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... rest of the routine is exactly like midpnt and is omitted. 146 Chapter 4. Integration of Functions Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0 -52 1-43108 -5) Copyright ... “deep” property 142 Chapter 4. Integration of Functions Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0 -52 1-43108 -5) Copyright (C) 1988-1...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... int mm, int kk) Given mm , kk ,and cof[0 mm+kk] , evaluate and return the rational function ( cof[0] + cof[1]x + ···+ cof[mm]x mm )/(1 + cof[mm+1]x + ···+ cof[mm+kk]x kk ). { int j; double sumd,sumn; ... 176 Chapter 5. Evaluation of Functions Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (ISBN 0 -52 1-43108 -5) Copyright (C) 1988-1992 by Cambridge ... vol. 23,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 12:16