... GC/MS analysis of ∆
9
-THC-11-oic acid in urine
188 Cannabinoids and their metabolites
GC analysis of cannabinoids in plant specimens
a
Reagents and their preparation
• Extraction and puri cation ... disposition, and kinetics of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
in men and women. Clin Pharmacol Ther 34:352–363
2) Agurell S, Halldin M, Lindgren J-E et al. (1986) Phar...
... mg/mL), and kept airtightly
in a refrigerator. A 5- L volume of the above solution is placed using a microsyringe in a
glass vial containing 1 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), capped airtightly and ... transformation in rats. J Pharm Sci
74:780–782
10) Kielbasa WB, Bauer JA, Fung HL (1999) Analysis of isobutyl nitrite inhalant in rat and human blood: applica...
... done inside a
dra chamber.
f) For quantitative analysis of DAEMS, various concentrations of DAEMS are spiked into
blank serum specimens containing a xed amount of DAEMO (IS) each and extracted ... DAEMS consisting of peak area ratio of DAEMS to IS on the vertical axis
and DAEMS concentration on the horizontal axis. A peak area ratio obtained from a test
specimen...
... 3.4
206 Morphine and its analogues
8) Matsubara K, Fukushima S, Akane A et al. (1992) Increased urinary morphine, codeine and tetrahydropapavero-
line in Parkinsonian patient undergoing L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine ... conjugated forms of opiates, the authentic standards of mor-
phine-3-glucuronide (M-3-G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M-6-G) are necessary. In U.S .A.
and Eur...
... methemoglobinemia be-
comes severe, it causes cyanosis, headache, easy fatigability, respiratory and conciousness dis-
turbances and nally death. e fatal methemoglobinemia is rare, but fatal ones a ... (1987) Cyanosis in infants caused by nitrates in well water. JAMA 257:2788–2792
12) Fan AM, Steinberg VE (1996) Health implications of nitrate and nitrite in drinking water:...
... mass spectra of the authentic cocaine, EME and BE a er derivatization.
Setting up of cuto values are very common in USA and Europe as a part of QC ( quality
control) and QA ( quality assurance) ... of BE in blood, a satisfactory mass spectrum can be obtained. For BE,
Metabolic pathways of cocaine.
⊡ Figure 4.4
Toxic and fatal concentrations
212 Cocaine and its...
... concentration in the horizontal axis and peak area ratio of pentazocine to IS in the
vertical axis. e peak area ratio of a test specimen is applied to the calibration curve to
obtain its pentazocine ... Dextromethorphan-HBr to be used as internal
standard (IS) was purchased from Sigma; Sep-Pak C
18
cartridges (classic type) from Waters
222 Pentazocine
SIM chromatograms for...
... digestive tract is rapid and distinct visual hallucination takes place
45 min–1 h a er oral intake of about 20 µg of LSD [1]. e hallucination becomes most marked
2–3 h a er the intake and lasts ... powerful hallucinogenic
drugs of abuse. LSD was explosively abused in U.S .A. in the latter half of the 1960s. In Japan,
the amount of seizure of LSD is much smaller...
... MDAs and their main metabolites 4-hydroxy-3-me-
thoxymethamphetamine ( HMMA) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine ( HMA) in urine
specimens are presented.
Metabolic pathways for MDMA and MDA.
⊡ ... H, Nakajima K, Nishikawa M et al. (1991) Determination of methamphetamine and amphetamine
in urine by headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Sci 7:19–22
25) Shima N, Kam...