drugs and poisons in humans

... blood and urine 320 Diphenylmethane antihistaminics HPLC analysis of chlorpheniramine and its metabolites in blood and urine [8] Chlorpheniramine is one of the most popular antihistaminics, and ... dimenhydrinate is ingested by adults and not more than 500 mg ingested by infants. In a fatal case of a victim, who had ingested 5 g dimenhydrinate, the concentration of diphenhydramine in urine was ... (1999) Orphenadrine poisoning in a child: clinical and analytical data. Intens Care Med 25:1134–1136 Poisoning cases, and toxic and fatal concentrations 324 Diphenylmethane antihistaminics 26) DeMercurio

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... Screening procedure for detection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and their methabolites in urine as part of a systematic toxicological analysis procedure for acidic drugs and poisons ... the detection limits and colors of the spots observed under ultraviolet light and a er spraying  ve kinds of reagents.  e screening by TLC is simple and rapid for unchanged drugs. Reversed phase ... cm) and mixed well. vi.  e mixture tube is heated at 80 °C for 30 min in a water bath or on an aluminum block heater. A er cooling to room temperature, a 1–3 µL aliquot of it is injected into

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... received an intra-gingival injection of Xylocaine™ solution (contain- ing 2 % lidocaine and a small amount of epinephrine) at a dental clinic; the amount of lido- caine hydrochloride salt administered ... from blood obtained by this method using GC-FTD are: 5 ng/mL for lidocaine, mepivacaine, tetracaine and bupivacaine, 10 ng/mL for cocaine and dibucaine, 15 ng/mL for procaine and 20 ng/mL for ... powder; highly soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in chloroform and almost insoluble in ether; melting point: 76–79° C. Epidural, conduction, infiltration, topical and spinal anaesthesias,

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 18:15

... high-pressure in- jection d method, 50 °C (0.01 min) → 250 °C/(min) → 330 °C (10 min); initial pressure of in- jection: 200 kPa, 1.5 min; injection volume: 10 µL; split ratio: 10; sampling time: 1.9 min; ... o-phenylenediamine; 4: hydroquinone; 5: p-aminophenol; 6: p-phenylenediamine plus resorcinol; 7: m-aminophenol; 8: toluene-3,4-diamine; 9: m-phenyl- enediamine; 10: toluene-2,4-diamine; 11: N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine. ... nylenediamine (1.6 g), had provoked the swelling of the face and neck, upper-abdominal pain, vomiting and acute renal failure (acute necrosis of urinary tubules), but had been able to sur- vive. In

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 18:15

... Drugs and Poisons in Humans A Handbook of Practical Analysis Osamu Suzuki and Kanako Watanabe Drugs and Poisons in Humans A Handbook of Practical Analysis With 236 Figures and 90 Tables ... provide help and guidance in initiating a new analysis, but not take the place of independently determining limits of detection, quantification and linearity, and the selectivity and precision ... toxins and alkaloids 1) Aconite toxins 2) Mushroom toxins 3) Tetrodotoxin 4) Methylxanthine derivatives 5) Nicotine and cotinine 6) Tropane alkaloids 7) Oleander

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... compounds in- cluding inorganic and metal compounds.  e arsenic poisoning incident which took place in Wakayama, 1998, and the following incidents with sodium azide poisoning reminded us the ... phenothiazines, bromisovalum and acetaminophen are very common.  e development of an immunoassay screening kit covering the above drugs widely used in Japan is being awaited. Radio- and enzyme-immunoassays ... popular also in analysis of drugs and poisons. As one of the trends in HPLC, miniturization of separation columns and the related sys- tems can be mentioned. In addition to the standard-bore columns

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... chasmanine, kobusine and higenamine. AAs consist of aconitines, benzoylaconines and aco- nines as shown in > Figure 1.1.  e most toxic group is the aconitines, including aconitine, mesaconitine, ... mesaconitine and hypaconi- tine from Kishida Kagaku (Osaka, Japan). Jesaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaco- nine, benzoylhypaconine, 14-anisoylaconine, aconine, mesaconine and hypaconine were ... as internal stan- dard (IS), resulting in higher precision and sensitivity in aconitine analysis h [3]. Poisoning cases, and toxic and fatal concentrations  e aconitines are neurotoxic and

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... causing poisoning cases 476 Mushroom toxins mushrooms being circulated in Japan are Psilocybe cubensis and/ or P. subcubensis and Cope- landia genus.  e responsible toxins are psilocybin and ... toxins are presented. Current situation of mushroom poisonings in Japan According to “National Record of Food Poisoning Incidents” [1], the number of mushroom poisoning incidents taking place in ... purchased in the form of a cultivation kit via the Internet, and provoked hal- lucinatory symptoms to result in his death due to cold inside a roadside gutter in the nude. Accidents and incidents by ingestion

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... of tetrodotoxin in body fluids and tissues. Reports of Studies by the 9th Trainees of Forensic Science Training Institute, Forensic Science Training Institute, Tokyo, pp 285–295 (in Japanese) ... blood urine 15.3 245 recovered Poisoning cases and toxic concentrations 488 Tetrodotoxin Periods for TTX excretion into urine Urine is a very advantageous specimen, because it can be obtained noninvasively ... hydrophobic impurities being contained in TTX specimens. g) As shown in > Figure 3.7, the conversion of TTX into C 9 base is completed in about 10 min; a er 30 min of heating, the recovery becomes

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... 3) for both nicotine and conitine. HPLC analysis of nicotine and cotinine in blood and urine Reagents and their preparation •  e standard solutions of nicotine and cotinine, and spiked serum ... 5.1 GC/MS analysis of nicotine and cotinine in blood and urine 502 Nicotine and cotinine > Figure 5.1 shows an SIM chromatogram for nicotine and cotinine extracted from a clinical specimen.  e ... analysis of nicotine and cotinine in blood and urine Reagents and their preparation • Nicotine and cotinine (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA and other manufacturers) are dissolved in the Milli Q water

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... mustard in urine can be definitive bio-markers for mustard poisoning References 1) The Ministry for Foreign Affair of Finland (1994) Recommended Operating Procedures for Sampling and Analysis in the ... is via urine; less parts are retained in the skin Only a trace amount of the agent exists in blood Its levels in urine and the skin decrease 85 86 Analysis of chemical warfare agents and their ... of aspartic acid and glutamic acid, the imidazole NH group of histidine, the NH2 group of N-terminal amino acid valine of α -and β-chains of hemoglobin and the SH group of cysteine; such alkylated

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... place using city gas containing about 9% CO. However, during recent years, city gas is being replaced by natural gas containing no CO, resulting in drastic decrease of the number of CO poisoning ... disposable syringe containing the above mixture is shaken well and le at room tem- perature for 30 min. vi. A needle of a gas-tight syringe is inserted into the disposable syringe, and 200 µL of ... drawn into the gas-tight syringe together with pushing the plunger of the plastic disposable syringe.  e gas in the gas-tight syringe is injected into GC. vii. When another injection into GC

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... was 0.02 µmol/mL in the scan mode, and 0.002 µmol/mL in the SIM mode. Using the present GC/MS method, the changes in thiosulfate concentration in blood and urine during storage in a refrigerator ... in blood and urine 14) Tsuge K, Kataoka M, Seto Y (2000) Changes of sulfide and thiosulfate in blood and urine during storage in a refrigerator Jpn J Sci Tech Iden 4:83–90 (in ... method, the H 2 S gas in the head- space is decomposed according to heating temperature and time, resulting in variation in data obtained. However, H 2 S is relatively stable in the acetone solution

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... also contained in cassaba; its poisoning by ingesting a large amount of cassaba is being a problem for health. HCN can be produced during imperfect combustion of nitrogen-contain- ing compounds; ... also included in some plants, such as some beans and Japanese plums, in the forms of its glycosides; by ingesting such plants, HCN is sometimes released from the glycosides in the stomach. In ... compounds; it is also included in cigarette smoke and gases produced in a  re.  ere are many kinds of qualitative and quantitative methods for analysis of cyanide in wide  elds, re ecting the great

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... (3 min)→ 25°C/min→ 105°C→ 10°C/min→ 145°C; injection and de- tector temperature: 280°C; carrier gas: He; its  ow rate: 0.7 mL/min.  e SPME  ber is injected into GC in the splitless mode and ... vapor and kept there with stirring and heating at 60°C for 10 min. iiii. A er the exposure, the  ber is withdrawn into the needle, and the needle of the syringe is taken out of the vial and ... temperature: 35°C (6 min)→ 20°C/min→ 135°C; injection port g and detector temperature: 280°C; carrier gas: He; its  ow rate: 0.7 mL/min. Injection is made in the splitless mode upon inserting the SPME

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... containing IS is condensed into a small volume under a stream of nitrogen before adding to plasma or urine. ⊡ Table 2.3 Concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides in blood, urine and stomach ... excised and put in 4 volumes of acetonitrile; the organ tissue is minced into small pieces with surgical scissors and homogenized with a 539 Polytron homogenizer (Kinematica, Luzern, Switzerland) ... pesticides in blood, urine and stomach contents so far reported [3, 4, 8–17]. ⊡ Table 2.2 Distribution of malathion and its metabolites in blood, bile and some organs of a human victim in fatal

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... levels in 99 patients with GLUF poisoning, and drew two linear lines A and B by connecting a point of 70 µg/mL at 2 h a er GLUF ingestion with a point of 5 µg/mL at 8 h for A and by connecting ... paraquat and are easily obtainable; they, thus, have come into wide use since 1980.  e PAAHs include glufosinate (GLUF), glyphosate (GLYP) and biala- phos (BIAL). In Japan, there are many kinds ... there are many kinds of products containing GLUF and GLYP com- mercially available, and the number of suicidal cases using them is increasing [1]. In acute poisoning by GLUF, there is a latent period

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... acetylcholine (Ach) results in the accumulation of Ach, provoking poisoning symptoms, such as miosis, lacrimation, sweating, hypersalivation and convulsion of extremities.  e binding of carbamate ... obtained are combined and mixed with 80 mL of 2 % NaCl solution and 25 mL of n-hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) in a 250-mL volume separating funnel e . iv.  e funnel is shaken for 10 min (with ... by passing 1 mL methanol again. vii.  e third elution is made by passing 1 mL of 5 % ammonia/methanol. viii.  e three eluates obtained at the steps iv, vi and vii are combined l , and evaporated

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... paraquat and diquat in blood plasma obtainable by this method are 0.5–10.0 and 1.0–10.0 µg/mL, respectively; those in urine are 0.25–5.0 and 0.5–5.0 µg/mL, respectively. Zero-order and second-derivative ... in? ?? ection points at about 396 and 403 nm for paraquat and at 437, 445, 454 and 464 nm for diquat.  e quantitation is made with ampli- tudes measurable between 396 and 403 nm for paraquat and ... 5 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 II.7.5 Paraquat and diquat by Chiaki Fuke Introduction Since 1965, when the paraquat herbicide had started to be sold, its poisoning cases increased

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... almost entirely; it is excreted into urine in the forms of 7-hydroxywarfarin, 6-hydroxywarfarin and warfarin alcohol. For analysis of such metabolites in urine, the details of the procedures ... total warfarin administered is excreted into urine as its metabolites. Warfarin is not excreted in the unchanged form, but excreted in the metabolite forms. When warfarin is administered orally, ... commercially available in Japan.  e coumarin rodenticides do not show direct anti- coagulant action causing bleeding, but inhibit the metabolic cycle of vitamin K; the inhibition causes the interference

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 19:20